THE OBSERVER
Newsletter of The Montana Association For The Blind
an affiliate of The National Federation Of The Blind
P.O. Box 352, Butte, MT  59703    (406) 723-3383

Rik James,  Editor

Vol. 46  Summer , 1995  No. 3


     Hot summer breezes fan the dry prairie grasses across Big
Sky country as The Observer takes shape on this August afternoon. 
Icy glasses of lemonade and an electric fan have kept me going. 
A guitar and banjo ring out from the stereo, and there's the
sound of a neighbor's squeaky porch swing outside to remind me
that we still have some summer left.  But precious little, as I
know all too well that along about mid-August the nights start to
turn a bit cooler in Bozeman, and the dawn arrives gradually
later and later.  Next thing you know, it will be Labor Day, that
first cold snap, and maybe even a dusting of snow.  Quick!  Get
out the canning jars!  Let's save some of this summer, before it
gets away from us!  
     Downstairs, the peaches are simmering into butter.  They
smell fantastic!  Up the street from us, long-time MAB members
the Baldwins, Ken and Florence, were out in front of their house
today, selling their Gladiolas, Sweet Peas, and other fine
offerings from their flower garden, which is well known to long
time residents.  Even the florists buy from them.
     In this issue of The Observer, I hope you find some good
reading.  Read at your leisure, while sniffing at flower blossoms
and tasting those sweet, vine-ripened Montana berries. 

When the Blue Moon Turns Gold:  The MAB 's 50th State Convention
by Rik James

     The 50th annual state convention this past May was a huge
success.  Great Falls made us feel welcome indeed.  The chapter
committee members worked very hard to prepare, and the results
were evident to all attending.  They contacted many local area
businesses who donated door prizes and discount tickets. 
     The convention agenda included a full lineup of speakers on
a wide variety of topics for us to  discuss and consider. 
Conventioneers made some serious resolutions, and elected a new
slate of officers on the board.  If you weren't there,
participating in your organization's 50th annual convention, we
missed you.  Make it your goal next year to come.  
     Here are just a few highlights from this year's "golden"
convention.  The SOP reunion was a great party and many old
friends greeted and had ample time to spend an entire evening
together.
     The history panel, "Gold of the Past," was presented with
Virginia Sutich serving as moderator.  Panel members were Mike
Maloney, Alice Ridl, Anita Nelson, Rik James.  They reminisced
their personal experiences, and relayed historical information to
the group about our organization, and its ongoing commitment on
behalf of blind persons in Montana.       
     Mike Maloney, who is one of our founding members, began in
his modest way by warning the group if pearls of wisdom were what
they expected from him, they might be disappointed.  But chuckles
were plentiful as Mike relayed his jolly gems from the old days. 
The very first summer program was in 1946 at the Lion's club in
Elliston, where the long walk to the privy was just part of why
they called it "primitive."  Mike remembered fondly the early
summer programs on the MSU campus, held at Hamilton Hall, one of
the university's oldest buildings.  "Now, this place was fun,"
Mike said, "because for one thing, they had an intercom that
reached all four floors.  Me and two others used a tape recorder
to broadcast a recording of How Dry I Am over it one night." 
Director Keith Denton had his fun, too.  As part of getting even,
he made Mike and the others stand up on Sunday, in front of the
state convention, drink a glass of water, and sing How Dry I Am
before the entire group.   Can't you just hear them howling? 
Thank goodness Mike is so much more mature now.
     Mike also relayed stories from when he was on the board of
directors.  He came on board in 1951, and was immediately
appointed chaplain.   For some reason this also drew a chuckle
from the convention floor.  Mike said, "Our meetings could get a
little rough, so we prayed to beat Hell before each meeting." 
     The crowd coaxed one more story out of Mike.  In 1958, Mike
was the Braille teacher and his wife, Kay, was hostess.  The
Maloneys, along with Emil Honka and wife Phyliss, made a stab at
the book of world records.  While the members were at the dance
on Saturday night of convention, in a half hour they short
sheeted 80 beds.  One month later they wrote an article in The
Observer, confessing their "shortsheet" sins.      The memories
continued to flow as Alice Ridl spoke of her tender memories of
Dorothy Bridgman and all the wonderful things she did throughout
her life.  Alice remembers well the special care Dottie took in
her dress, often wearing nice hats and gloves.  There is a good
book which chronicles Mrs. Bridgman's life, written by her
daughter, called "Diamonds in the Snow."
     Alice's first contact with MAB  was with Kay Kjellstrom's
mother, whom she met while still living in her native home of
Havre, Montana.  When she met her husband, Perry, they moved to
Butte and operated the state's first Randolph-Shepherd vending
stand.  It was there she met and became lifelong friends with
another of our remaining founding members, Elsie Matkovic.
     Bringing us into the late 1960's and through the 1970's,
Anita Nelson recapped highlights of the Montana Association For
The Blind's accomplishments in that era.  Anita was a student at
the summer program in 1968.  During these years, the organization
established a scholarship for blind students as well as the
memorial loan fund, both of which are still being used today, to
benefit members and other blind Montanans.  The MAB has assisted
the state agency in improving rehabilitation services for the
blind, by providing funding for the training of rehabilitation
teachers.      Rik James turned the pages of our history closer
to the present by relating events through the 1980's.  He worked
closely with Lelia Proctor for a good number of years on the
summer programs, and this was very special to him.  James spoke
of the many technological developments that were unveiled during
the eighties and which are still having an impact in blind
rehabilitation.  Technology that enhances the accessing of
information and other services available for persons with vision
impairments continues to improve the blind's opportunities for
independent living and employability.        Rik added that even
with the major technological breakthroughs, it is still our
attitudes and our involvement and the personal responsibility
that we take in our own rehabilitation process that is most key
in achieving success.  It takes personal incentive and
determination, good training and the right attitude.  We should
get the training that is needed, then use it, not just when the
instructor comes around, or when we are around other blind
people, but all the time.  This will continue to be what makes
blindness less of a lingering tragedy and more of a nuisance and
a characteristic.      Virginia Sutich closed the session with
some very special personal rememberances about Keith Denton. 
Virginia served on board with him, as did Alice Ridl and Mike
Maloney.  She also talked about Emil Honka and the early days of
Visual Services.  Virginia served as MAB President from 1982 to
1990.
     Following the history panel there was another piece of
history.  Fred Bishoff, a teacher at MSDB, presented a paper on
J. Robert Atkinson.  Atkinson, a cowboy who lost his vision in
1912, went on to have a lot to do with the history of bringing
Braille production further along the trail.  Fred's paper was
fascinating, and if we can, we will include it in its entirety in
a future issue of The Observer.      Other presenters at the
convention included Sandra Jarvie of the Montana Talking Books
Library, Evelyn Pool of Ski For Light, Steve Williamson and Donna
Syvertson from the two radio reading services.  Andrew Jordon,
M.D., of Great Falls,  gave a presentation explaining the causes
and treatments of macular degeneration.  Diane McGeorge, Second
Vice President of The National Federation of the Blind presented
an update on national issues which are of concern to the nation's
blind population.        Brian Tocher was the moderator of an
interesting panel called "Treasure of the Future."  Panelists
included Jani Honka Yaeger, Kay Kjellstrom, Elesia Sutton,
Carolyn Brock, Pat Domme, and Theresa Leese.  We are hoping to
publish writings from some of the panelists in a future Observer. 
Carolyn's remarks were transcribed and appear later in this
issue.
     Joe Mathews and Bob Maffitt gave a report to the convention. 
Joe is Administrator for Rehabilitation and Visual Services and
Bob Maffitt is the Visual Services lead man in Human Resources. 
They spoke on the current status of state programs for the blind. 
Consolidation is occurring and exactly what this will mean is
unclear even to those who are being consolidated.  A committee is
giving input as we go to press.  MAB President Pat Domme is
serving on that committee.
     The banquet was an elegant affair for all to enjoy, and
everyone, whether in costume or not, seemed to have had a
wonderful time.  Little packets of gold nuggets were at each
place setting along with many other banquet favors, including a
handy fanny pack for carrying the gold to the convenience store
after convention.  Oddly, some of it must have been that "fools"
variety, because there were reports of some cashiers around the
state not accepting the nuggets as legal tender.  But the food,
the music, and the mood of celebration and family were all worth
more than any gold.       During the banquet, Scholarship
Committee Chairman Mike Maloney presented our two MAB scholarship
winners , Theresa Leese and Felicia Chantel Penner.  The Keith
Denton award winner this year was announced as being Hans Stoken,
who has been active with Ski For Light.  The Dorothy C. Bridgman
award was given to the Lion's Club of Montana.
     Music at the banquet was of vintage variety and of very high
quality, particularly for purposes of dancing and having a good
time.  The three piece combo, a regular at a local club were led
by Gary Mainer on piano and accordian and vocals.  Veteran horn
player Pete Peterson, trumpet or trombone in hand, displayed
musicianship that is rarely found these days.  He's played
professionally since 1926, and with some real big name dance
bands. The third member of the band was Jim Bates.  He played a
hot rhythm banjo and also sang a pretty ballad or two that
evening. (Editor's note: Look for more news of Mr. Bates later.) 
The group call themselves "The Gillettes" a name they said which
was derived from "all the close shaves" they had experienced. 
Kudos to the band at the banquet.  They added much to our
evening.
     Sunday morning after the banquet, we still had a whole
morning of work to do, in our final general session of the
convention.  As is our tradition, the morning began with our
Memorial Service.  Mike Maloney read names of members who had
passed away since last convention as candles were lit for each. 
Sheila Gibbons sang a stirring rendition of You'll Never Walk
Alone.  
     The business session was called to order by President Pat
Domme.  Resolutions were voted on by the assembly and passed by a
majority vote.  A By-Law change and a proposed amendment to the
By-Laws were passed by the convention.        People chosen to be
honored by their individual chapters were announced and
congratulated.  In Great Falls they were Dick and Patty Howse,
Anna & Ted Robbins, Nancy Holt, Phyllis Rohloff, Jerry Merritt,
Brian Tocher, Don Kjellstrom, Alice Ridl, and Bill Kleinhans.  In
Bozeman, were Joyce Waters and Marguerite Bowman. Billings
thanked Shelby Sullivan, and Butte - Mary Mollish; and 
Livingston - Marguerite Commings.  Diane McGeorge our national
representative, spoke briefly, congratulating us on a wonderful
convention.  
     Delegate to the national convention, Rik James, and
alternate delegate, Helen Cowles, were announced along with those
receiving some financial assistance-- Linda Hurlock, Karen James,
Bruce Breslaurer, Ted Robbins, Karen Marks, Jim Marks.      The
following contributions were passed by the convention assembled: 
National Federation of the Blind , $1000; Eastern Montana Radio
Reading Service, $300; Western Montana Radio Reading Service,
$300; In-Touch, $100; Energy Share, $300; Talking Book Library,
$300.  
     Linda Hurlock, Election Chairman, announced the results of
the election;  President, Pat Domme; First Vice President, Rik
James; Second Vice President, Virginia Sutich; Third Vice
President, Nancy Holt.  The new officers were installed.  Bernice
DeHaas conducted the swearing in.  She was inspired to write and
recite a touching preface to the swearing in, and it immediately
follows this article.      The 1996 convention was voted to be
held in Billings with the Yellowstone chapter hosting.  After
this final action on the convention floor, the 50th State
Convention was adjourned by President Pat Domme.

Preface to Installation Service
By Bernice W. DeHaas

(Editor's Note:  Bernice's words were a fitting closure at our
convention.  She said she had just jotted some things down as she
was preparing for the installation of officers for 1995- 1997.  I
thought them worth hearing again, in The Observer.  I think you
will agree.) 
     Two images have come to mind these past few days and I would
like to share them with you.  The first came from a book I read
recently:  Family: Drawing the Circle Wide.  I see the MAB and
the blind community of Montana reacting as a family.  There are
squabbles between siblings, cousins and in-laws, but there is
also a great deal of concern and love.  I have felt that love
this weekend.  Our conventions are a family reunion.      The
other metaphor I want to share is that of a river.  The Montana
Association for the Blind arose as a spring from the minds of a
group of young people fifty years ago who were attending a Lions
camp for the blind.  It was a new idea and a new organization;
they did not pattern it after anything else, did not adopt a
"model constitution," and affiliation with the NFB would not
happen for some years.  
     Remember that these were young people who had found strength
in being together and wanted to share that strength with others. 
Only two years after that first camp the MAB conducted its first
Summer Orientation Program on the campus of Montana State
University.  We don't have many records of those early days; most
of those people are now gone.  We have had some wonderful
memories shared during the past few days, though.  Even Mike
Maloney was young back then.  He seems to have spent most of his
time short-sheeting beds.
     And that spring of fifty years ago became a river, a small
stream that quickly grew.  I am sure that there were many rapids,
and there were boulders, and fallen trees that could have formed
a dam, but the river would not be stopped.  Nearly all of those
early campers are gone now, but the MAB continues.  
     A river needs new streams coming in to nourish it. It also
needs an outlet, a goal, if it is not to become a stagnant pool. 
An organization is similar -- it needs new ideas and new people
to merge with the group to keep it strong.  Today you have before
you a group of incoming officers -- some who have been a part of
the MAB river for many years and some who came into it only a few
years ago. They will be our leaders for the next two years, but
they need every one of us to help, to keep our river flowing. 

The 1995 Resolutions

     The Montana Association For The Blind Resolutions Committee
members this year were Jim Marks, Chairperson, Pat Domme, Nancy
Holt, Sharon Larson, Evelyn Poole, and Shelby Sullivan.  They met
between general sessions at the convention, and the resolutions
were presented on Saturday and voted at the final session on
Sunday.      The following Resolutions, 9501 through 9506, were
adopted by the Montana Association for the Blind during its 1995
Convention in  Great Falls, Montana.  These Resolutions are used
by the Association to shape policy, to define positions on a
variety of issues, to express thanks or congratulations to worthy
parties, and to communicate with the public.  Copies of the
Resolutions are distributed in the Association newsletter, "The
Observer,"  and to those named or implied in the Resolutions.  In
addition, the Association keeps a permanent record of the
Resolutions adopted each year during the annual convention.  For
more information, please contact the MAB office.Quick Reference:  
   Number    Description
                    9501  -  Thank you to Great Falls Chapter     
               9502  -  Congratulations to Maren Christensen      
              9503  -  Change in Senior Loan/Lease Program        
            9504  -  Change in Visual Services Name               
     9505  -  Leave Rehabilitation out of Careers Bill            
        9506  -  White Cane Law & Driver License Publications     

Resolution 9501 :   Whereas the Montana Association for the Blind
celebrates our 50 years of organization in Montana; and Whereas
this celebration takes place in Great Falls; and Whereas the
Great Falls Chapter of the Montana Association for the Blind
organized, developed, and produced the golden Convention;
     Be it therefore resolved that the membership of the Montana
Association for the Blind commends the Great Falls Chapter and
extends our appreciation for a job well done. Resolution 9502 :  
Whereas the Montana Association for the Blind encourages
excellence in education; and Whereas Maren Christensen, a member
of the Association and a past winner of the Emil Hanka
Scholarship and a National Federation of the Blind scholarship,
is graduating second in her class at the University of Montana
Law School;  and Whereas Maren Christensen has been admitted to
Harvard University for post-Juris Doctorate education and plans
to enroll there this fall;
     Be it therefore resolved that the Montana Association for
the Blind applauds and congratulates Maren Christensen for a job
well done.
Resolution 9503 :   Whereas Montana Vocational Rehabilitation and
the Montana Association for the Blind operate the Senior
Loan-Lease Program, designed to provide resources for Montana
residents over the age of 55 who are blind in order that they
might purchase equipment to enhance their independent lifestyles;
and Whereas it is the policy of this program to serve individuals
only; and Whereas groups comprised of people who are qualified
for the program have been excluded; and Whereas people in these
groups can benefit collectively from the program; and Whereas
federal monies to fund the Senior Loan-Lease Program have been
exhausted, thus leaving Montana Vocational Rehabilitation and the
Montana Association for the Blind free to decide how this
program's funds are disbursed;
     Be it therefore resolved that the 1995 Convention of the
Montana Association for the Blind recommends that Montana
Vocational Rehabilitation and the Montana Association of the
Blind Board of Directors expand the Senior Loan-Lease Program to
include groups who meet the eligibility requirements of
individuals. Resolution 9504 :   Whereas the Visual Services
Division of Montana Vocational Rehabilitation is a program which
serves blind people with varying degrees of sight impairment; and
Whereas the condition of not being able to see has been referred
to with a great variety of terms such as visual impairment, low
vision, partially sighted, legally blind and totally blind; and
Whereas these terms divide people into arbitrary and capricious
classifications and reinforce negative stereotypes and myths
about blindness; and Whereas the generic word blind encompasses
everyone whose eyesight is, with best correction,
twenty/two-hundred or greater, or having a field no greater than
20 degrees; and Whereas the general public has no idea what
Visual Services means because of the vagueness of the name;
     Be it therefore resolved that the Montana Association for
the Blind calls upon the State of Montana to change the name
Visual Services Division to Rehabilitation Services for the
Blind.
Resolution 9505 :   Whereas the Congress of the United States is
considering the Careers Bill, a consolidation of federal work
programs for people with and without disabilities; and Whereas
the Careers Bill would replace Title I of the Rehabilitation Act,
the law which sets up the federal vocational rehabilitation
service for the blind and other people with disabilities; and
Whereas the Careers Bill, if passed in its current form, will
engulf proven vocational rehabilitation services for the blind
and render those services ineffective and invalid; 
     Be it therefore resolved that the Montana Association for
the Blind calls upon Congress to withdraw vocational
rehabilitation from the Careers Bill. Resolution 9506 :   Whereas
the Montana Association for the Blind encourages the
implementation and enforcement of white cane laws in Montana; and
Whereas the driver's manual includes only a brief reference to
white cane laws; and Whereas questions regarding proper motor
vehicle interaction with those using white canes or dog guides
are rarely asked on driver license examinations; and Whereas the
public gets little information and training regarding white cane
laws,  Be it therefore resolved that the Montana Association for
the Blind calls upon the Driver's Division of the Montana Highway
Department to incorporate into the driver license training
manuals the information insert developed by the Bozeman Chapter.

Memorable Quote :  "The people who run things are those who show
up."    (Diane McGeorge, Second Vice President, National
Federation of the Blind, spoken at the state convention in Great
Falls in May, 1995.)

The Todd Scholarship Program

(Editor's Note:  This next article is presented for the purpose
of serving as an example of what a local chapter can and does do. 
There are many other things we can and must do besides offering
scholarships, but by reading this you may see how things evolve
and that it is people, dedicated members, their ideas and efforts
which make the difference.) 
     In 1986 the Bozeman chapter of the Montana Association for
the Blind gave its first scholarship of $100 to a blind student
attending Montana State University, using surplus funds from the
chapter.  Within the next few years several other small
scholarships were given.    In 1990 when Erma and Bayard Todd
died, their families wished to give the chapter money as a
memorial in their memory.  It was decided that the money would be
invested and the income, plus a 25 cent set-aside per calendar
sold each year, plus other funds as available would be used to
give scholarships to legally blind MSU-Bozeman students.  These
scholarships would be called the "T. Bayard and Erma King Todd
Scholarships."  
     Erma and Bayard Todd first became active in the Montana
Association for the Blind in 1962 when Erma developed macular
degeneration and attended the Summer Orientation Program. 
According to an account written by them, other students in that
class were Tony Persha of Red Lodge, and Charles Vanderzee of
Bozeman.  They all contributed many years of service to the MAB;
Persha and Vanderzee were both state presidents.  Charlie
Vanderzee was calendar chairman for many years as well as
president of the Bozeman Chapter.  Then later Erma served seven
years as Chapter president, and Bayard was local calendar
chairman.  We all remember Bayard patiently sitting at his table
in the post office, selling hundreds of calendars each fall.  In
1979, Bayard received the Dorothy C. Bridgman Award and Erma was
a recipient in 1986.    The Bozeman chapter feels that this
scholarship is a fitting tribute to the Todds, and in 1995 are
proud to present two $500 scholarships, one awarded to Dan Nau, a
Freshman student in Elementary Education, and the second to
Michael Christian, a Senior majoring in Anthropology. 
Classroom Visits
by Helen Cowles
(Editor's Note:  The Bozeman chapter is thankful for Helen's work
in their community, and this piece she has written for The
Observer tells us why.) 
     In January I was invited to the Morning Star school in
Bozeman to speak to the fourth grade classes about blindness.  I
welcomed the opportunity, and made preparations.        I told
the children about the skills and techniques of blindness and the
tools we use.  I explained the importance in the use of the white
cane for blind and partially sighted.  I tried to show them how
we use the cane when we are travelling on the street, and how we
find the curbs, and so on.
     I explained how we use the information the cane gives us,
and how we must use more our other senses.  Our senses are not
any stronger, we just pay more attention and listen more.
     I had taken along several of my electronic aids that I
use--my timer, watch, talking alarm clock/calculator, and the
liquid level indicator.  I gave them each an opportunity to use
the devices, and they were delighted to learn about them.      I
told them about the Talking Books program and the amount of
reading materials available from the Montana Talking Books
Library.  I also explained the system of Braille, and gave each
child a Braille alphabet card, and they promised to try to learn
it.      Each class was scheduled for thirty minutes, and the
time went very fast.  The questions that young people come up
with are wonderful.  The common ones were "what to do when we see
a blind person, how do we know where the cars are, how do we get
dressed and tell colors.  How do we pour milk," and on and on.  
But when they get to, "how old are you?" I always give my pat
answer--"two things I never tell--my bank account and my age." 
But with a wink, I simply tell them that I am very, very old.     
In April I was invited to the Emily Dickenson school to speak to
three 4th grade classes.  If only we could teach the adults to be
as uninhibited as are these children.  They are curious and want
to know.  I believe it is up to us to teach them.      In
October, I am going to contact the teacher of 3rd grade class and
we are going to set up a program to visit as many classes as we
can.  The more children we can educate about the realities of
blindness and vision loss, the better.  It can only help improve
general understanding about it.
     I would suggest that each chapter try to think about doing
this type of thing in your communities.  Dean Phillips, in Three
Forks has expressed his intentions to approach his local school.
     As I left the classroom at the Emily Dickenson Elementary
school, the children were singing, "Thank you for being you," and
it made me feel so good.  They made me promise to come back, and
I can't wait.
Ribbons & Hugs
By Carolyn Brock

(Editor's Note:  Carolyn spoke as part of the Treasures of the
Future panel at the state convention in Great Falls.  We have
pulled some excerpts from a recording of her presentation.  I
hope you can get at least some of the excitement she generated
when she was spoke to the group.)

     I may be one of the few people here who has not participated
in the Summer Orientation Program or at a regional training
center.  I started losing my sight after I was already employed
as a teacher, and so I 'm one of those people who makes
rehabilitation services look good, because you all know it's a
lot easier to keep someone on the job than it is to put them
there in first place.  
     But at the time, I was barely hanging on at work.  I was
terrified.  I had two little children.  I thought I might lose my
job and my family would break up because of me.  I was trying to
finish a Master's degree one course at a time in summer school. 
I was afraid to take the time out to do the training I knew I
needed.        As it turned out, it took me ten years to do what
should be done in a few months in an intensive training program. 
I didn't learn to do very well with a cane or to use Braille
until a few years ago.  Most importantly, though--I was alone. 
In a training program, my guess is that you also gain much by
being with other blind people.      At the school in Missoula
where I work as a French teacher, I had a young blind student in
one of my classes who taught me a tremendous amount about what is
available for the blind.  Later I met George Kirscher, who was
teaching junior high English at the time.  He provided me with
more information and guidance.
     There are many obstacles we all have to overcome as blind
people, but the worst thing I think, for me, has been dealing
with the attitudes of other people.  The condescension, the
attitude that if you can manage to feed yourself and tie your
shoe that you deserve a pat on the back and a blue ribbon.  Like
the team mascot, you are there, you are loved, but you are not
really in the game. 
     This practice, in effect, makes other people feel good to
treat you like a charity case, but it becomes a dangerous trap,
setting up unnecessarily low expectations.  It becomes habit
forming.  The only way you can keep the hugs and blue ribbons
coming is to be docile and appreciative, accept the help whether
you need it or not.  And if you don't do that, people may become
uncomfortable, because you aren't acting as they expect.     
Sighted people know that for themselves, achieving real success
does not come without a risk of failure.  But because of commonly
held misconceptions about blindness, they do not apply this
knowledge about risk when they think of, or see, a person who is
blind.  
     Sighted people know that people who hit the most home runs
are the ones who strike out the most.  No one gives a hug or
tells Ken Griffey, Jr. that he's an inspiration for just managing
to get to the plate.  When he whiffs, they just nod, and realize
that the next time "Junior" (his nickname) comes up, he may get
hold of one.  People don't have the same kind of confidence in us
as blind people as they do in Mr. Griffey.  They would rather
give us a base-on-balls, and try to convince us that we really
got a hit.  We get another hug and pretty soon we are on the
bench, as team mascot again.      What do you do to keep that
from happening?  Well, if you are willing to accept all those
ribbons and hugs, then you likely won't ever get people to
believe that you are capable of more.  So you are faced with an
important decision, that of confronting other people's low
expectations, and maybe even some of your own.      I believe
that a support network is vital, made up of local people, or of
people as far away as on the Internet.  You want to be connected
with people who are not satisfied with hugs and ribbons.  We have
to be genuine with one another.  You need this organization (the
MAB) at the state level, and you need the National Federation of
the Blind, and other people who refuse to be victims, who demand
the right to fail.        When I went to my first convention in
Dallas, I went to the Blind Educators division meeting.  I
wondered how many people would I find?  I expected maybe five or
six.  Well, there were over 60. They ranged from teachers working
in preschool on up through higher education.  They are people who
are blind, just doing their jobs, not expecting the ribbons. 
Meeting others like this who are employed in my profession, and
who are also blind, gave me a feeling of social and professional
support.  And as a result, now I can be there for someone else,
too.
     The MAB has a good network here.  Many of you have been to
the summer program and that is good.  But there are others out
there, too, who we need to be reaching.  It may only take a 
welcoming voice, someone who can be real with them.  It can mean
so much, to have found that connection, knowing you are not
alone.  I hope that we can each learn to cut through these
attitude barriers, and then show someone else that being blind
doesn't mean you can't, but rather that you can.  Chicago 1995: 
The Montana Delegation
(Editor's Note:  Here are reports from some of the members who
attended the National Federation of the Blind national convention
in Chicago this past July.) 
Bruce Breslauer:    "I wish to thank the Montana Association For
The Blind for assisting me so that I could attend the national
convention. I had not been able to attend since Denver in 1989. 
It is impossible within the space of this article to cover all
aspects that were special to me; only a few highlights can be
given here.  But what a convention it was.      There was the
opportunity to see and renew many old friendships.  I found that
people remembered me from other states, and the hugs and
greetings I received from the Illinois affiliate, who did a
fantastic job in running the convention, were especially warm.    
 Just as important was the convention itself.  The first three
days, July 1-3, featured small groups called divisions, which got
together to discuss specialized topics, such as student concerns
and issues, dog guide issues, ham radio practices, groups of
lawyers, secretaries, teachers, and transcribers and merchants. 
In short, there was something of interest for everyone.
     The last four days, July 4-7, featured general sessions of
the convention.  Tuesday morning featured the roll call of
states, whereby each state affiliate's delegate spoke briefly to
the President before the convention.  The membership heard how
many were present from each state.  By the end of the week there
were 2,562 persons registered.  This year Montana had a large
delegation with 14 members.  There were many states with smaller
delegations, and it is my hope that the Montana delegation can
continue to grow larger.      Tuesday afternoon we heard an
informative report from President Marc Maurer, as well as an
excellent address by Dr. Frederic Schroeder, Commissioner of
Rehabilitation Services Administration.  Wednesday morning we had
elections, with the afternoon left free for tours or wandering
around the city, or just relaxing.      Thursday's agenda was
packed, with speeches by Tadeusz Madzla, President of the Polish
Association of the Blind, and reports from the American
Foundation for the Blind, and from the Social Security
Administration.  Friday's convention agenda was reserved for our
organization's general business meeting.  Dr. Jernigan gave the
organization's financial report.  Ongoing efforts for financing
the movement were discussed.  The final afternoon of the national
convention featured an up-to-date rundown on all the legislative
matters of concern to blind people in America, with Mr. James
Gashel giving The Washington Report.
     Before closing, all of the 1995 Resolutions were read and
voted upon.  The committee had met earlier in the week, and many
of us were there for that, too.  Sixteen resolutions were passed,
the contents of which will be included in an upcoming issue of
The Braille Monitor.
     This thumbnail sketch hardly does justice to the convention. 
The exhibits were better than ever this year, featuring many new
electronic aids.  The recent development of the national service,
Newsline for the Blind, a project which will bring talking
newspapers, both national and local, to communities all across
the country, is a great thing, and should be of interest to
Montanans.       I urge every Montanan who didn't go to the
convention this year not to miss the next national convention in
Annaheim, CA.  There is so much to learn about, so much to see,
and so much to absorb.  Let's keep the numbers from Montana
growing, and we'll see you at the next national."
Helen Cowles:  When the board appointed me as alternate delegate
to the national convention this year I was first surprised and
then nervous.  But as it turned out, I survived in one piece to
tell about it.  After all, other Montanans were there, and a
couple thousand new friends, too.
     A joke I had on myself that will help me remember Chicago,
was how for the first time in a Hilton hotel, I came to take a
spit bath.  After checking in, the bellman brought me and my
luggage to the room, and he very patiently showed me where
everything was in my room.  Everything EXCEPT how the plumbing
fixtures worked in the tub!      On the first morning I had
breakfast with the JOB "First-timers."  As it turned out, I sat
with Rik and Karen James, but as we were leaving the restaurant,
I introduced myself to a lady I found seated alone.  We became
quick friends.  This practice of finding of new found friends was
the way the whole week went.  At every turn were there new
shoulders, friendly voices, and lots of introductions.  
     I was impressed with the staff at the Hilton & Towers hotel. 
They had been well trained before our arrival, and seemed to
anticipate someone who needed assistance.  The schedule of
pre-convention events was so filled that meetings all overlap,
which translates to making  some difficult choices.  But I
attended the Parents of Blind Children seminar in the morning,
followed by the Job Opportunities for the Blind panel that
afternoon.        I also spent a good deal of my time on the
first day orienting myself to the hotel and the meeting rooms.  I
wanted to be able to get where I was suppose to be, and be on
time, so I had some preparing to do.  This was to be accomplished
by asking others for directions, and then verifying those
directions with asking another.  It was all new, so I was
memorizing turns, retracing my routes, and practicing every
independent travel skill I had.  I am so grateful for the
mobility training I've had.  It really came in handy.  There's
nothing like a new place and a couple thousand other blind folks
to create a safe atmosphere to practice your own skills.
     I met one lady from New Jersey with a dog guide.  She was
also hearing impaired.  She asked for my assistance in finding
her way around.  It worked out well, since it turned out I needed
her, too.  I was frustrated by not finding any large print
agendas available, so she read her Braille one to me.  I have to
say this is one criticism that I have... with all of the hard
work and good organization of the convention, I was put at a real
disadvantage by the absence of any large print agendas.  They
were only available in Braille or regular print.  
     The general sessions of convention ran from 9-noon, with a
2-hour lunch break, then from 2-5 p.m.  Overall, the speakers and
panels were very informative.  Our Montana group was seated
together.  I was amazed at way meetings were conducted. 
President Maurer runs the sessions, and when he says "please be
quiet," it gets quiet.      The NFB national convention reminded
me of our national political party conventions, with all the
states being represented, and lots of cheering, whistling, and
sometimes even booing.  I had intended to record the sessions,
but I didn't think the tape would turn out, with all the noise.
     All in all, I had a great time.  I learned much, and I
appreciated very much the opportunity.  I thank the board for
their confidence in me.  I hope you all realize how fortunate we
are to have our organization.  We have something unique here, and
it is a good reason to be involved.  Thank you.

Linda Hurlock:  Thanks to the MAB for being so generous in
helping me attend my very first national convention this summer
in Chicago.  To say I was overwhelmed by the crowds would be to
put it very mildly. Over 2,500 people were registered and when
that many people are all heading in the same direction, you go
with the flow!  I knew that the Convention would be a place where
I would be able to collect information but I was still surprised
by the amazing amount of information available everywhere, on all
topics of interest, and by the willingness of everyone to answer
questions--even dumb ones.        As a Braille transcriber, I was
most interested in the status of Braille Literacy bills, the
changes in educational techniques, and what the future may hold
for me as a teacher's aide in public schools in Montana.  I
joined the National Association to Promote the Use of Braille
(NAPUB); now I will receive information and stay up to date.      
My overall impression of the convention was in the openness that
I felt.  People attending these conventions are sincere.  They
truly care, and everyone there who had any experience and
knowledge seemed so willing to share with anyone who asked.       
Next convention I hope I can arrive one day earlier in order to
attend more pre-convention seminars.  I think the smaller groups
and one-on-one exchanges would be of additional value to me. 
That's the real benefit that I found at national convention--a
fount of knowledge and experience, all there just for the asking. 
Karen James:   This was my first time attending a national
convention, and I wish the thank the board of the MAB for
granting me some financial assistance this year.      The eight
days spent in Chicago went dizzyingly fast, were exhilarating in
every way and most of all, were unforgettable.  It was good to
hear, see, and meet some whom past attendees have spoken of as
well as those whom I've read of in the Braille Monitor and Future
Reflections.
     I had a special interest in the international guests
attending the convention in Chicago.  I guess it must stem from
our experience overseas when we served in Morocco in the Peace
Corps, Rik as a teacher of the blind, and me working at a
handcraft cooperative for handicapped women.  This year there
were representatives at the convention from the island of
Cypress, Mexico City, Nepal, Argentina, United Arab Emirates, New
Zealand, and Poland, to mention just a few.  
     At the Cultural Exchange and International Program Committee
meeting which I attended,  among those who shared their
experiences, was Tadeusz Madzla, President of the Polish
Association of the Blind.  Speaking through an interpreter, he
told us that the organization he represents is the only blind
association in Poland.  With over 82,000 members, it provides all
the services to the blind in Poland.  Education opportunities
available to blind individuals include vocational schools, where
students train in areas of piano tuning, computer technology,
sound engineering, massage therapy, music, and foreign languages,
with an emphasis on English.  Since the democratization of
Poland, the blind must compete on an open labor market.  Madzla
estimates that Poland has 5,000 unemployed, but job-ready blind
persons.  
     I came away from this meeting and from the entire
convention, knowing that while the struggle continues everywhere
for the blind to achieve security, equality, and opportunity,  we
are indeed fortunate to have in the National Federation of the
Blind  a common ground where all can come  together to learn from
each other. 
Rik James:  As others have said, it was a great time in Chicago,
and for me, it was also a great honor to have served as your
delegate at our national convention.  To inform ourselves of the
issues that we face as blind persons in the U.S., or to discover
what opportunities might be just around the corner, both exist at
the national convention, like nowhere else you might choose to
go.  The variety of topics is plentiful, and like any good 
buffet, you taste a bit of everything, and once you find
something you really like, you go back for more.
     In reviewing my thoughts of this year's convention, I'd have
to say the biggest highlight for me was the fourteen other
Montanans who were seated in our delegation, this being more than
have attended in recent years.  I hope that the number continues
to grow.  I think it is too easy to slip into a sort of
"localitis," only concerned about ourselves, when we don't get to
know or care about our neighbors. This could be applied to all
neighbors, whether from other chapters, or in this case from the
other state affiliates. I think we stand the best chance of
improving things for blind people by standing in greater numbers
with our fellow Federationists. 
     Another personal highlight was in spending time with Joe
Cutter, an Orientation & Mobility Specialist in New Jersey, who
specializes in early childhood.  Joe presented a seminar/slide
show presentation entitled, "Move It" to the Parents of Blind
Children division, and it was a fascinating presentation and
question and answer period which followed.  I hope you have read
Joe's article in the March, 1995 issue of The Braille Monitor. 
If not, I recommend it; it is very good.
     I introduced myself to Joe, and he spent a solid hour with
me. We discussed a variety of issues regarding cane travel. 
There's not room here to elaborate, but go back and read Joe's
article and then call me, and I'll tell you more.      But I can
tell you this:  Joe Cutter is a dedicated professional. I
observed him introducing himself and helping parents with
children throughout the time at convention.  I saw him on
numerous occasions spend time with parents and their children,
demonstrating techniques, or just talking with them.  The parents
were always grateful, and it impressed upon me what an impact a
few minutes can have for a parent who may not otherwise know
where to turn.  Joe would explain things about their child's
development, often reassuring them, or making suggestions that
were practical and in the child's best interest.  
     You might consider coming to convention next year, too, to
meet Joe and hear him speak.
     Another highlight for me this year was the Jerry Whittle
play.  A tradition has evolved which many of us hope never
dies--and that is the theatrical production of plays by the
Louisiana Center for the Blind Players, many of whom are students
at the NFB training center in Ruston.  Whittle, who was a
professor of English before he and his wife, Merilynn, joined the
staff at the Louisiana center, has written  plays for the past
several years, specifically for presentation at convention. 
Titles include so far, A Time For Every Purpose, By The Wind
Grieved, To Those Who Wait, The Young and Skil-less, and this
year's offering, entitled It's A Broken Hearted River To Freedom. 
    The story was set very near the end of The Civil War.  One of
the characters was blinded as a result of a war injury. The
actors did a fantastic job in their roles, and the message came
through loud and clear--if you wish to continue believing you
can't do anything because you are blind, then that is slavery of
the worst kind, self-inflicted.  I found myself saying, "It is
time to ring that Freedom Bell."      My thanks to our board for
appointing me as your Montana delegate.  I would be happy to
elaborate on any other aspect of the convention, should you wish
to contact me.Chapter Roundup
Here are some reports from your local chapters.

Bozeman:  In May, fifteen members of the Bozeman chapter heard
the report of the Scholarship Committee and voted to give $500
each to Dan Nau and Mike Christian for the 1995-6 school year. 
It was decided that the Chapter will provide a meal for the
students and staff at the Summer School in July again this year. 
We enjoy the opportunity to visit informally with the students
and staff.  
     A program was presented by Dennis Seibel, director of the
Gallatin County Pioneer Museum.  He gave an overview of Bozeman
area history.  The Gallatin Valley was a favorite hunting area,
known as the Valley of the Flowers by the Indians.  The Lewis and
Clark expedition passed through the valley in 1805 and 1806;
Dennis mentioned the fact that plans are being initiated to
celebrate the bicentennial of that trip early in the 21st
century.  He also talked about John Bozeman, the founding of
Bozeman and the Bozeman Trail.
     Twenty people attended the June meeting, presided over by
Della Koeber.  Committees were appointed for the Summer School
luncheon and for a September potluck.  Della announced that Ken
Harmon has agreed to be calendar chairman this year, and that a
nominating committee has been appointed.  Eight Bozeman Chapter
members were at the state convention in Great Falls in May, and
Rik James gave a report on some of the high points.  Helen Cowles
suggested contacting local schools to see if there is an
opportunity to speak to young students about blindness.
     Christi the Wordsmith presented the program.  Christi, a
recent graduate from MSU, has had a daily radio program for
several years in which she gives a brief overview of a word or
phrase, telling its derivation and the ways in which its meaning
may have changed through time.
     On July 16 the Bozeman Chapter hosted a potluck luncheon in
Hapner Hall for students and staff of the Summer School.  About
sixty people enjoyed eating and talking with each other.  The
Summer School people relished "home-cooked" food, and the
Bozemanites, many of whom have been SOP students in the past,
enjoyed the opportunity to visit the students and school. 
Bernice DeHaas, reporting. 
Butte :  In March, the chapter met for their regular meeting. 
Discussions included travel arrangements for getting to the
national convention.  The group was entertained by the Sweet
Adelines, a local barbershop singing group.  On April 23, an
Easter dinner was held.   While enjoying the delicious meal at
The Bronx, about 40 people of the folks who were able to come
waited to see if their names were called to win one of the door
prize bunnies.  The Silver Bow chapter met on May 25 at 7:30 p.m.
at the Senior Center.  Seventeen members attended.  Everyone who
had gone to the state convention gave a brief report, expressing
thanks to the Great Falls chapter once again, for an excellent
convention.  A picnic was discussed and scheduled for July 27. 
Lana Nelson, reporting. 
Great Falls :  The March 13 meeting had 24 members and 3 guests.
Barbara Wolverton brought Jim Bates who plays the banjo in dance
band where Barbara dances every weekend.  Mary Benson brought
Earl Kelly from The Downtowner.  Bonnie Bacon from the Council
for Concerned Citizens was our speaker.  Kay Kjellstrom and John
Garrett were appointed to the Great Falls Scholarship Committee. 
Ardeth Clinger agreed to continue as coordinator of
transportation to meetings and collecting the $1.25 per passenger
for the Senior Citizens Van.
     April's meeting was a fun pot luck.  The next meeting was
May 8, with 30 members present.  The main emphasis at the meeting
was final preparations for the convention.  On May 30, after the
convention, many Great Falls members went on vacation.  Mary
Benson, reporting.

Helena :  At the Captial City chapter March 27th meeting the
members decided to pay registration fees for people attending
convention in May, in addition to contributing money for door
prizes.  Each spring the Helena Zonta Club hosts an Easter
dinner, and this year it was held on April 12th at St. Paul's
Methodist Church with 19 members attending.  The Helena Parlor
Pickers entertained the group with toe-tapping, hand- clapping
bluegrass and folk music, which everyone thoroughly enjoyed.     
MAB President Pat Domme was our guest at the May meeting.  Pat
encouraged everyone to contact Representative Pat Williams to
take vocational rehabilitation out of the Careers Bill. The
entertainment for the meeting was provided by the eighth grade
orchestra from East Helena.
     Sandra Jarvie, Al and Myrle Tompkins, Alvina Sinerius, Joy
Hensel and Cindy Baril attended the State MAB Conference in Great
Falls.  The Helena Lion's Club gave a generous contribution to
the Chapter to be used for transportation for members who require
assistance getting to and from meetings.
     Myrle Tompkins, Joy Hensel and Alvina Sinerius attended the
SOP this summer in Bozeman.  Myrle was the aerobics teacher for
the session and from the reports received, both she and the
participants had a great time.  Our annual picnic was scheduled
for July 31.  Sandra Jarvie, reporting.

Kalispell :  The May meeting of the Buffalo Hills chapter was
called to order by Pres. Beatice Woessner at 1 p.m. on Friday,
June 2.  Fifteen persons attended, and welcome was given to a new
visitor, Nancy Bohre.  A glad reception was also expressed for
Vice President Henry Byrns, back after his stroke.  "But when
you're over 90, maybe you're entitled to one strike a
year...oops!  Maybe that's baseball we're thinking of!  Three
members present had been to the state convention--Evelyn Pool,
Bea Woessner, and Elaine Miller.  All three offered comments and
recollections of the session.  Another topic of discussion was of
pending national legislation, particularly issues affecting the
blind.  A desire was expressed for a 'ready to go' letter that
could be duplicated and mailed in.   It was a very relaxed, yet
enlightening gathering.  The Terrace provided refreshments, and
we thank them.  Evelyn Pool, reporting.
     A note from the Northwest chapter Secretary, Shirley
Druesdow,  brought news of a meeting on May 12.  With thirteen
present, Elva Reichert was elected to the office of Vice
President, filling the vacancy left by the Del Clark, who passed
away this past April.  Eleven members attended the June 9th
meeting.  Two members, Elaine Miller and Evelyn Pool, gave a very
favorable report on their time in Great Falls at the state
convention.  They said they enjoyed it very much.  The chapter
members agreed that they would not meet in July or August, but
would resume regular meetings in September.   
Lewistown :  In May, the White Cane chapter welcomed guest Jason
Stanley to their monthly meeting at The Meadows.  The club had
helped his sister earlier this year in the Special Olympics.  The
chapter read a letter received from Senator Max Baucus.  It was
his response to one they sent in April, regarding the earnings
limitations with Social Security Disability Insurance, and the
exclusion of blind persons from the proposed changes.      The
June meeting of the White Cane chapter was highlighted by a
report from our executive officers, Pres. Tim Hayward and Vice
Pres. Edwin Durbin.  The two attended the convention banquet in
Great Falls with long time member and friend to the Montana
Association For The Blind, Bob Brassey.  They had a great time. 
Other news from Tim was that he may be travelling in September to
get a another working travel companion, a new dog guide.   The
chapter scheduled a summer picnic at Ed Durbin's home south of
town, at noon on August 9.  We thank Helen Dalton for the fine
lunch served at our meeting.  Katherine Kurns, reporting.

Livingston :  Park County chapter reporter, Eunice Nelson, sends
us news from Paradise valley and the upper Yellowstone.  The May
meeting started with the introduction of Mr. Paul Gates, the
day's special guest and featured speaker.  Mr. Gates enthralled
the group with his presentation about his recent trip.   He took
ten members of the Park High School Band to China, where they
performed earlier this spring.      Following the program, Pres.
Lois Haymond conducted the regular business on the group's last
meeting for the 1994-95 year, with the reading of minutes by Sec.
Mildred McMillion and the financial report by Treasurer
Marguerite Commings.  Lois and Edna Maier spoke of their plans to
attend state convention.  Thanks were given to members and
especially to Vice Pres. Carolyn Kahle and Edna Maier for
planning the wonderful programs over the past year.  Eunice
Nelson, reporting.

Personals

     Helena member John Bird has been in the Helena Nursing Home
this year.  We hope he'll be home soon.  Margaret Kozloski, of
the White Cane chapter is in the Aspen Nursing Home in Billings. 
She has been undergoing some radiation and chemo therapy.  Some
friends recently took her to Pompeii's Piller for a picnic.  She
wrote that she is anxious to get back home to Lewistown.
     Member Carolyn Brock wrote of her plans to be in France this
summer.  She has scheduled a visit to the Association Valentin
Hay in Paris, the big organization for the blind in that
country.  She wants to get some Braille books and magazines for
something to read while there for the summer.  She may also get
an opportunity to visit the home of Louis Braille home in
Champagne.  Carolyn teaches French at a high school in Missoula.  
   Congratulations to Mike Graham, long time member, and former
rehabilitation counselor for Visual Services in Billings.  Mike
was awarded a $3,000 scholarship by the National Federation of
the Blind, and was in Chicago to receive it.  Mike is attending
Northern Colorado University in Greeley, pursuing a doctorate in
Special Education, with special emphasis in Blind Rehabilitation.
     And we have some special congratulations to announce, too. 
Two long time members of the MAB just got married, on the same
day, and in the same town, but NOT to each other.  On July 29, in
Great Falls, Barbara Wolverton was wed to Mr. Jim Bates.  Some of
us danced to the music of Jim's band at convention earlier this
spring.  Jim and Barbara will be living at the Eagles Manor in
Great Falls.  The other long time member is Jerry Merritt, who
just married Ms. Jani Honka Yaeger.  We wish all the newlyweds a
happy and long life.
     Speaking of long life, in early August, Herbert Kirk was
back in Bozeman visiting his son and daughter-in-law, Charles and
Pat Kirk.  Herbert and Charles had been in New Hampshire where
they attended a large Kirk/Kirkpatrick family reunion.  Herb
welcomed the opportunity to come back through Bozeman to see many
of his friends and to enjoy the Sweet Pea Festival.  He was not
sure whether or not he will take part in the Sweet Pea Runs --
but we could tell that he is tempted.  He reports that they are
very comfortable in the retirement home located near Portland,
and that Eleanor is much improved.  They are very pleased that
she is completely independent of the oxygen tanks now.  Herbert
will be celebrating his 100th birthday in October.
     We have recently learned that Michael Arthur Schultz is in a
nursing home in Bozeman, for health reasons.  No details are
available, but friends may wish to contact the family to wish him
well.

In Memorium

Betty Guthrie, a member of the Helena Chapter, passed away in
May.  Another member, Marilyn Foster of the Northwest chapter,
passed away this past May, after suffering from diabetic
complications.  Yellowstone chapter member, Alice A.
Giddings-King, died on July 8 in Billings.  Our condolences to
their families and friends. 
Announcements

The board of directors of the Montana Association For The Blind
welcome two new directors.  Nancy Holt was elected to the
position of Third Vice President.  Nancy and her family live in
Great Falls.  She has been an active
member and an instructor at the summer program since first
attending SOP in 1992.  Appointed to the position of District 4
Representative is Sharon Larson of Shawmut, Montana.  Sharon has
been a member for several years and also worked on the SOP staff. 
You should get to know them, if you don't already.  Their
addresses and phone numbers appear at the end of this issue of
The Observer.

Kernel Books in Montana:  At the national convention, we
purchased and have distributed among our local chapters a total
of 200 large print copies of If Blindness Comes and 50 each of
Making Hay and the newest title, Train Tracks and Toothpaste. 
All local chapter presidents were sent copies and a few copies
each to the local chapter secretaries, and members of the board. 
These books are to be read and discussed, and passed around.  The
Talking Book Library also now has a complete cassette set of the
Kernel books, as well as If Blindness Comes, and Care and Feeding
of the Long White Cane by Thomas Bickford.  We also purchased a
cassette copy of Walking Alone, Marching Together: The History of
the Organized Blind Movement in the U.S. and donated it to the
State Library, too.  To borrow any of these books, just call the
Montana Talking Books Library at 800 / 332-3400.

Newsline Local Networks Offered:  Newsline, a new nationwide
newspaper service for the blind utilizes telephone lines and
digitized voice synthesizer systems to provide blind and visually
impaired people daily access to a variety of newspapers.  USA
Today and The New York Times have already agreed to participate
in this project.  Such timely access to the daily newspaper has
never before been available to the blind.  The paper is available
early each morning, ready to be dialed up and read, over your
phone lines.        Demonstrations were presented at the national
convention in Chicago, dialing into the first local network in
Baton Rouge, LA.  It is reading in every real sense.  You can
choose what to read, at what speed to read, and which voice you
prefer to hear.  You can back up or speed ahead, or repeat
anything you've already read.        Once you are a registered
user of your local Newsline network, and should you travel where
there is another local network, your access code will grant you
entry onto the sytsem.  You can read the national papers and
their local papers, too.      State affiliates of the NFB are
being offered the first opportunity to sponsor local networks. 
For details, contact members of the MAB board, or someone who was
at the national convention.  Or call the National office for
Newsline for the Blind at 410 / 659- 9314.

Thank You -- We extend our appreciation again to the United Way
of Gallatin County for the $1,500 allocation to the Montana
Association for the Blind for the Summer Orientation Program.  We
appreciate the continuing local support for this program.  
Publication Noted:   The National Federation of the Blind of
Idaho has published a book entitled, Julie & Brandon: Our Blind
Friends.  It is specifically designed for educating children
about blindness.  When members are asked to speak to children and
demonstrate Braille and independent travel with white cane and
guide dogs, usually they pass out fliers, but these are typically
designed for adults.  This book addresses our need for materials
that can mix fun and education.  Children are often able to grasp
new ideas quickly, so it is very worthwhile that they learn about
blindness early.  The book has pictures for coloring, puzzles,
and various activities, all designed to help children and
preteens understand that blind persons are normal people who
simply cannot see.  A single copy of the forty-six page large
print book sells for $4.00 and include $1.50 for postage and
handling.  A reduced price is possible, for orders of 25 or more,
they are $3.00, and $5.00 for postage and handling.  You can
order from the national center or the Idaho affilate, whose
address is, The National Federation of the Blind of Idaho, 1301
S. Capitol Blvd., Suite C, Boise, ID  83706. Tel.- (208)
343-1377.

More Thanks:  State Convention co-chair, Ted Robbins, says "We
would like to express a special thanks to those businesses and
individuals from across Montana who participated in our display
room this year:  Andy Seitz, Jim  Aldridge and Evelyn Pool who
represented Arkenstone, the Montana Low Vision personnel, and the
MSDB Historical group with their very fine display.  Finally, we
thank the youth from the MSDB who sold those delicious "Braille"
candy bars.  It is because of the efforts of literally hundreds
of people that our convention was a success."
User/Lease Program:  Some participants of the user/lease program
have a few items for sale.  For details, contact Ted Robbins at
406/453-6678.

New Book Available:  The Division of Rehabilitation Services for
the Visually Impaired has published a new book.  The book is
called, "Cognitive Learning Theory and Cane Travel Instruction: A
New Paradigm," by Richard Mettler.  It is being sold on a non-
profit basis for $10.00 per book.  It is a treatise which
advances an alternative approach to the rehabilitation and
learning process used in blindness skills training, particularly
in cane travel.  The approach is grounded in what is termed
"structured discovery learning."  Although it is a rather
technical book, blind persons may find this book of particular
interest, since after all we are the ones who do the learning,
right?  This is also of interest for those considering going into
the field of rehabilitation as well as cane travel instruction. 
To order write:  Richard Mettler, State of Nebraska, Dept of
Public Institutions, Division of Rehabilitation Services for the
Visually Impaired, 4600 Valley Road, Lincoln, NE  68510- 4844. 
Tel: 402 / 471-2891.
     That concludes this issue of The Observer. We thank our
contributors including Bernice DeHaas, Linda Hurlock, Bruce
Breslauer, Helen Cowles, Karen James, Carolyn Brock, and of
course, our chapter reporters.   Deadline for submissions is for
the Autumn issue is October 30.  Send submissions to Rik James,
Editor, 716 N. Montana Ave., Bozeman, MT  59715. Phone: (406)
586-4123.  Don't forget to return your cassettes to the state
library.  Some have expressed their interest in keeping the
tapes. Perhaps you could buy blank 92 minute cassettes from Bill
Kleinhans and return those to the state library.  Mr. Kleinhans'
number is (406) 761-4818.  But the library is looking for them
back, so please do return a tape with your envelope.   Thanks,
and now go have and a nice piece of fresh pie, on ME!

Montana Association For The Blind
Board of Directors

President :  Pat Domme, 2724 Amherst Ave.
          Butte, MT  59404  (406) 494-4571

1st Vice President :  Rik James, 716 North Montana Ave.
               Bozeman, MT  59715-2921  (406) 586-4123

2nd Vice President :  Virginia Sutich, Box 27, Tracy Route,       
        Sand Coulee, MT  59472  (406) 736-5277

3rd Vice President :  Nancy Holt, 905 32nd St. South
               Great Falls, MT  59405  (406) 761-4348

District One :  Jim Marks, 540 E. Kent
               Missoula, MT  59801  (406) 549-7047 

District Two :  Bennie Longie, 1160 E. Sebree
               Dillon, MT  59725  (406) 683-2826

District Three :  Kay Kjellstrom, 3222 Second Ave. North
               Great Falls, MT  59401  (406) 453-0452

District Four :  Sharon Larson, Box 81
               Shawmut, MT  59078  (406) 632-4706

District Five :  Sarah Bradley, 1633 Lynne Ave.
               Billings, MT  59102  (406) 656-7162