             ,,*APT] ,,III4
    ,,-P>ISON ,,( ,,! ,,M5TAL ,,P[]S
   ,,( ,,MAN ,,& ,,! ,,L[] ,,ANIMALS4

  ,WE H SE5 9 ! LA/ TWO *APT]S T MAN
BE>S 9 8 BODILY /RUCTURE CLE> TRACES ( 8
DESC5T F "S L[] =M2 B X MAY 2 URG$ T1 Z
MAN DI6]S S GRTLY 9 8 M5TAL P[] F ALL
O!R ANIMALS1 "! M/ 2 "S ]ROR 9 ? 3CLU.N4
,NO D\BT ! DI6];E 9 ? RESPECT IS
ENORM\S1 EV5 IF WE -P>E ! M9D ( "O (!
L[E/ SAVAGES1 :O HAS NO ^WS 6EXPRESS ANY
NUMB] HI<] ?AN F\R1 & :O USES H>DLY ANY
AB/RACT T]MS = -MON OBJECTS OR =!
A6EC;NS1 99 ) T (! MO/ HI<LY ORGANIS$
APE4 ,! DI6];E WD1 NO D\BT1 / REMA9
IMM5SE1 EV5 IF "O (! HI<] APES _H BE5
IMPROV$ OR CIVILIS$ Z M* Z A DOG HAS BE5
9 -P>ISON ) XS P>5T-=M1 ! WOLF OR
JACKAL4 ,! ,FUEGIANS RANK AM;G/ ! L[E/
B>B>IANS2 B ,I 0 3T9U,Y /RUCK ) SURPRISE
H[ CLOSELY ! ?REE NATIVES ON BO>D ,H4
,M4 ,S4 ,B1GLE1 :O _H LIV$ "S YE>S 9
,5GL&1 & CD TALK A LL ,5GLI%1 RESEM#D U
9 4POSI;N & 9 MO/ ( \R M5TAL FACULTIES4
,IF NO ORGANIC 2+ EXCEPT+ MAN _H
POSSESS$ ANY M5TAL P[]1 OR IF 8 P[]S _H
BE5 (A :OLLY DI6]5T NATURE F ^? (! L[]
ANIMALS1 !N WE %D N"E H BE5 A# 63V9CE
\RVS T \R HI< FACULTIES _H BE5 GRADU,Y
DEVELOP$4 ,B X C 2 %EWN T "! IS NO
FUNDA;TAL DI6];E ( ? K9D4 ,WE M/ AL
ADMIT T "! IS A M* WID] 9T]VAL 9 M5TAL
P[] 2T "O (! L[E/ FI%ES1 Z A LAMPREY OR
L.ELET1 & "O (! HI<] APES1 ?AN 2T AN APE
& MAN2 YET ? 9T]VAL IS FILL$ UP 0NUMB].S
GRAD,NS4
      --,SEE ! EVID;E ON ^? PO9TS1 Z
    GIV5 0,LU2OCK1 ,PREHI/ORIC ,"TS1 P4
    #CED1 &C4
  ,NOR IS ! DI6];E SLI<T 9 MORAL 4POSI;N
2T A B>B>IAN1 S* Z ! MAN DESCRIB$ 0! OLD
NAVIGATOR ,BYRON1 :O DA%$ 8 * ON ! ROCKS
= DROPP+ A BASKET ( SEA-UR*9S1 &A ,H[>D
OR ,CL>KSON2 & 9 9TELLECT1 2T A SAVAGE
:O USES H>DLY ANY AB/RACT T]MS1 &A
,NEWTON OR ,%AKESPE>E4 ,DI6];ES ( ? K9D
2T ! HI<E/ M5 (! HI<E/ RACES &! L[E/
SAVAGES1 >E 3NECT$ 0! F9E/ GRAD,NS4
,"!=E X IS POSSI# T !Y MI<T PASS & 2
DEVELOP$ 96EA* O!R4
  ,MY OBJECT 9 ? *APT] IS 6%EW T "! IS
NO FUNDA;TAL DI6];E 2T MAN &! HI<]
MAMMALS 9 _! M5TAL FACULTIES4 ,EA*
DIVI.N (! SUBJECT MI<T H BE5 EXT5D$ 96A
SEP>ATE ESSAY1 B M/ "H 2 TR1T$ BRIEFLY4
,Z NO CLASSIFIC,N (! M5TAL P[]S HAS BE5
UNIV]S,Y A3EPT$1 ,I % >RANGE MY REM>KS 9
! ORD] MO/ 3V5I5T = MY PURPOSE2 & W
SELECT ^? FACTS : H /RUCK ME MO/1 )!
HOPE T !Y MAY PRODUCE "S E6ECT ON !
R1D]4
  ,) RESPECT 6ANIMALS V L[ 9 ! SCALE1 ,I
% GIVE "S A4I;NAL FACTS "U ,SEXUAL
,SELEC;N1 %EW+ T _! M5TAL P[]S >E M*
HI<] ?AN MI<T H BE5 EXPECT$4 ,!
V>IABIL;Y (! FACULTIES 9 ! 9DIVIDUALS (!
SAME SPECIES IS AN IMPORTANT PO9T = U1 &
"S FEW ILLU/R,NS W "H 2 GIV54 ,B X WD 2
SUP]FLU\S 65T] 96_M DETAILS ON ? H1D1 =
,I H F.D ON FREQU5T 5QUIRY1 T X IS !
UNANIM\S OP9ION ( ALL ^? :O H L;G ATT5D$
6ANIMALS ( _M K9DS1 9CLUD+ BIRDS1 T !
9DIVIDUALS DI6] GRTLY 9 E M5TAL "*I/IC4
,9 :AT MANN] ! M5TAL P[]S 7 F/ DEVELOP$
9 ! L[E/ ORGANISMS1 IS Z HOPE.S AN
5QUIRY Z H[ LIFE XF F/ ORIG9AT$4 ,^! >E
PRO#MS =! 4TANT FUTURE1 IF !Y >E "E 6BE
SOLV$ 0MAN4
  ,Z MAN POSSESSES ! SAME S5SES Z ! L[]
ANIMALS1 8 FUNDA;TAL 9TUI;NS M/ 2 !
SAME4 ,MAN HAS AL "S FEW 9/9CTS 9 -MON1
Z T ( SELF-PRES]V,N1 SEXUAL LOVE1 ! LOVE
(! "M = H] NEW-BORN (FSPR+1 ! DESIRE
POSSESS$ 0! LATT] 6SUCK1 & S =?4 ,B MAN1
P]H1 HAS "S:AT FEW] 9/9CTS ?AN ^?
POSSESS$ 0! ANIMALS : -E NEXT 6HM 9 !
S]IES4 ,! ORANG 9 ! ,EA/]N ISL&S1 &!
*IMPANZEE 9 ,AFRICA1 BUILD PLAT=MS ON :
!Y SLEEP2 &1 Z BO? SPECIES FOLL[ ! SAME
HABIT1 X MI<T 2 >GU$ T ? 0 DUE 69/9CT1 B
WE _C FEEL SURE T X IS N ! RESULT ( BO?
ANIMALS HAV+ SIMIL> WANTS1 & POSSESS+
SIMIL> P[]S ( R1SON+4 ,^! APES1 Z WE MAY
ASSUME1 AVOID ! _M POISON\S FRUITS (!
TROPICS1 & MAN HAS NO S* K3 B Z \R
DOME/IC ANIMALS1 :5 TAK5 6=EIGN L&S1 &
:5 F/ TURN$ \ 9 ! SPR+1 (T5 EAT POISON\S
H]BS1 : !Y AFWS AVOID1 WE _C FEEL SURE T
! APES D N LE>N F _! [N EXP]I;E OR F T (
_! P>5TS :AT FRUITS 6SELECT4 ,X IS1
H["E1 C]TA91 Z WE % PRES5TLY SEE1 T APES
H AN 9/9CTIVE DR1D ( S]P5TS1 & PROBABLY
( O!R DANG]\S ANIMALS4
  ,! FEW;S &! -P>ATIVE SIMPLIC;Y (!
9/9CTS 9 ! HI<] ANIMALS >E REM>KA# 9
3TRA/ ) ^? (! L[] ANIMALS4 ,CUVI]
MA9TA9$ T 9/9CT & 9TELLIG;E /& 9 AN
9V]SE RATIO 6EA* O!R2 & "S H ?"\ T !
9TELLECTUAL FACULTIES (! HI<] ANIMALS H
BE5 GRADU,Y DEVELOP$ F _! 9/9CTS4 ,B
,P\*ET1 9 AN 9T]E/+ ESSAY1 99 HAS %EWN T
NO S* 9V]SE RATIO RE,Y EXI/S4 ,^? 9SECTS
: POSSESS ! MO/ WOND];L 9/9CTS >E
C]TA9LY ! MO/ 9TELLIG5T4 ,9 ! V]TEBRATE
S]IES1 ! L1/ 9TELLIG5T MEMB]S1 "NLY
FI%ES & AMPHIBIANS1 D N POSSESS -PLEX
9/9CTS2 & AM;G/ MAMMALS ! ANIMAL MO/
REM>KA# = XS 9/9CTS1 "NLY ! B1V]1 IS
HI<LY 9TELLIG5T1 Z W 2 ADMITT$ 0E "O :O
HAS R1D ,MR4 ,MORGAN'S EXCELL5T "W4 99
7#B7
      --8,L',9/9CT *EZ LES 9SECTES10
    ,REVUE DES ,DEUX ,MONDES1 ,FEB41
    #AHGJ1 P4 #FIJ4
      997#B7 ,! ,AM]ICAN ,B1V] & ,8
    ,"WS1 #AHFH4
  ,AL? ! F/ DAWN+S ( 9TELLIG;E1 AC 6,MR4
,H]B]T ,SP;ER1 99 H BE5 DEVELOP$ "? !
MULTIPLIC,N & COORD9,N ( REFLEX AC;NS1 &
AL? _M (! SIMPL] 9/9CTS GRADUATE
96REFLEX AC;NS1 & C H>DLY 2 4T+UI%$ F
!M1 Z 9 ! CASE ( "Y ANIMALS SUCK+1 YET !
M -PLEX 9/9CTS SEEM 6H ORIG9AT$
9DEP5D5TLY ( 9TELLIG;E4 ,I AM1 H["E1 V
F> F WI%+ 6D5Y T 9/9CTIVE AC;NS MAY LOSE
_! FIX$ & UNTAU<T "*1 & 2 REPLAC$ 0O!RS
P]=M$ 0! AID (! FREE W4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 "S
9TELLIG5T AC;NS1 AF 2+ P]=M$ DUR+ S"EAL
G5],NS1 2COME 3V]T$ 969/9CTS & >E
9H]IT$1 Z :5 BIRDS ON OC1NIC ISL&S LE>N
6AVOID MAN4 ,^! AC;NS MAY !N 2 SD 6BE
DEGRAD$ 9 "*1 = !Y >E NO L;G] P]=M$ "?
R1SON OR F EXP]I;E4 ,B ! GRT] NUMB] (! M
-PLEX 9/9CTS APPE> 6H BE5 GA9$ 9 A :OLLY
DI6]5T MANN]1 "? ! NATURAL SELEC;N (
V>I,NS ( SIMPL] 9/9CTIVE AC;NS4 ,S*
V>I,NS APPE> 6>ISE F ! SAME UN"KN CAUSES
ACT+ ON ! C]EBRAL ORGANIS,N1 : 9DUCE
SLI<T V>I,NS OR 9DIVIDUAL DI6];ES 9 O!R
"PS (! BODY2 & ^! V>I,NS1 [+ 6\R
IGNOR.E1 >E (T5 SD 6>ISE SPONTANE\SLY4
,WE C1 ,I ?9K1 -E 6NO O!R 3CLU.N )
RESPECT 6! ORIG9 (! M -PLEX 9/9CTS1 :5
WE REFLECT ON ! M>VELL\S 9/9CTS ( /]ILE
"W]-ANTS & BEES1 : L1VE NO (FSPR+ 69H]IT
! E6ECTS ( EXP]I;E &( MODIFI$ HABITS4
      --,! ,PR9CIPLES ( ,PSY*OLOGY1 #BND
    $41 #AHGJ1 PP4 #DAH-DDC4
  ,AL?1 Z WE LE>N F ! ABV-M5;N$ 9SECTS &
! B1V]1 A HI< DEGREE ( 9TELLIG;E IS
C]TA9LY -PATI# ) -PLEX 9/9CTS1 & AL?
AC;NS1 AT F/ LE>NT VOLUNT>ILY C SOON "?
HABIT 2 P]=M$ )! QK;S & C]TA9TY (A
REFLEX AC;N1 YET X IS N IMPROBA# T "! IS
A C]TA9 AM.T ( 9T]F];E 2T ! DEVELOP;T (
FREE 9TELLIG;E &( 9/9CT1- : LATT]
IMPLIES "S 9H]IT$ MODIFIC,N (! BRA94 ,LL
IS "KN AB ! FUNC;NS (! BRA91 B WE C P]CV
T Z ! 9TELLECTUAL P[]S 2COME HI<LY
DEVELOP$1 ! V>I\S "PS (! BRA9 M/ 2
3NECT$ 0V 9TRICATE *ANNELS (! FREE/
9T]COMMUNIC,N2 & Z A 3SEQU;E EA* SEP>ATE
"P WD P]H T5D 6BE LESS WELL FITT$ 6ANSW]
6"PICUL> S5S,NS OR ASSOCI,NS 9 A DEF9ITE
& 9H]IT$- T IS 9/9CTIVE- MANN]4 ,"!
SEEMS EV5 6EXI/ "S REL,N 2T A L[ DEGREE
( 9TELLIG;E &A /R;G T5D5CY 6! =M,N (
FIX$1 ?\< N 9H]IT$ HABITS2 = Z A
SAGACI\S PHYSICIAN REM>K$ 6ME1 P]SONS :O
>E SLI<TLY IMBECILE T5D 6ACT 9 "EY?+
0R\T9E OR HABIT2 & !Y >E R5D]$ M* HAPPI]
IF ? IS 5C\RAG$4
  ,I H ?"\ ? DIGRES.N WOR? GIV+1 2C WE
MAY EASILY "URATE ! M5TAL P[]S (! HI<]
ANIMALS1 & ESPECI,Y ( MAN1 :5 WE -P>E _!
AC;NS F.D$ ON ! MEMORY ( PA/ EV5TS1 ON
=ESI<T1 R1SON1 & IMAG9,N1 ) EXACTLY
SIMIL> AC;NS 9/9CTIVELY P]=M$ 0! L[]
ANIMALS2 9 ? LATT] CASE ! CAPAC;Y (
P]=M+ S* AC;NS HAS BE5 GA9$1 /EP 0/EP1
"? ! V>IABIL;Y (! M5TAL ORGANS & NATURAL
SELEC;N1 )\T ANY 3SCI\S 9TELLIG;E ON !
"P (! ANIMAL DUR+ EA* SU3ESSIVE G5],N4
,NO D\BT1 Z ,MR4 ,WALLACE HAS >GU$1 99
M* (! 9TELLIG5T "W D"O 0MAN IS DUE
6IMIT,N & N 6R1SON2 B "! IS ? GRT DI6];E
2T 8 AC;NS & _M ( ^? P]=M$ 0! L[]
ANIMALS1 "NLY1 T MAN _C1 ON 8 F/ TRIAL1
MAKE1 = 9/.E1 A /"O HAT*ET OR A CANOE1
"? 8 P[] ( IMIT,N4 ,HE HAS 6LE>N 8 "W
0PRACTICE2 A B1V]1 ON ! O!R H&1 C MAKE
XS DAM OR CANAL1 &A BIRD XS NE/1 Z WELL1
OR NE>LY Z WELL1 &A SPID] XS WOND];L
WEB1 Q Z WELL1 99 7#B7 ! F/ "T X TRIES Z
:5 OLD & EXP]I;ED4
      --,3TRIBU;NS 6! ,!ORY ( ,NATURAL
    ,SELEC;N1 #AHGJ1 P4 #BAB4 997#B7 ,=!
    EVID;E ON ? H1D1 SEE ,MR4 ,J4
    ,TRAH]NE
  ,MO7RIDGE'S MO/ 9T]E/+ "W1 ,H>VE/+
,ANTS & ,TRAP-,DOOR ,SPID]S1 #AHGC1 PP4
#ABF1 #ABH4
  ,6RETURN 6\R IMM SUBJECT3 ! L[]
ANIMALS1 L MAN1 MANIFE/LY FEEL PL1SURE &
PA91 HAPPI;S & MIS]Y4 ,HAPPI;S IS N"E
BETT] EXHIBIT$ ?AN 0"Y ANIMALS1 S* Z
PUPPIES1 KITT5S1 LAMBS1 &C41 :5 PLAY+
TGR1 L \R [N *N4 ,EV5 9SECTS PLAY TGR1 Z
HAS BE5 DESCRIB$ 0T EXCELL5T OBS]V]1 ,P4
,HUB]1 99 :O SAW ANTS *AS+ & PRET5D+
6BITE EA* O!R1 L S _M PUPPIES4
      --,RE*]*ES SUR LES ,MOEURS DES
    ,F\RMIS1 #AHAJ1 P4 #AGC4
  ,! FACT T ! L[] ANIMALS >E EXCIT$ 0!
SAME EMO;NS Z \RVS IS S WELL E/ABLI%$1 T
X W N 2 NEC 6WE>Y ! R1D] 0_M DETAILS4
,T]ROR ACTS 9 ! SAME MANN] ON !M Z ON U1
CAUS+ ! MUSCLES 6TREM#1 ! HE>T
6PALPITATE1 ! SPH9CT]S 6BE RELAX$1 &!
HAIR 6/& ON 5D4 ,SUSPICION1 ! (FSPR+ (
FE>1 IS EM95TLY "*I/IC ( MO/ WILD
ANIMALS4 ,X IS1 ,I ?9K1 IMPOSSI# 6R1D !
A3.T GIV5 0,SIR ,E4 ,T5N5T1 (! 2HAVI\R (
! FEMALE ELEPHANTS1 US$ Z DECOYS1 )\T
ADMITT+ T !Y 9T5;N,Y PRACTISE DECEIT1 &
WELL "K :AT !Y >E AB4 ,C\RAGE & TIMID;Y
>E EXTREMELY V>IA# QUALITIES 9 !
9DIVIDUALS (! SAME SPECIES1 Z IS PLA9LY
SE5 9 \R DOGS4 ,"S DOGS & HORSES >E ILL-
TEMP]$1 & EASILY TURN SULKY2 O!RS >E GD-
TEMP]$2 & ^! QUALITIES >E C]TA9LY
9H]IT$4 ,E "O "KS H[ LIA# ANIMALS >E
6FURI\S RAGE1 & H[ PLA9LY !Y %EW X4 ,_M1
& PROBABLY TRUE1 ANECDOTES H BE5 PUBLI%$
ON ! L;G-DELAY$ & >T;L REV5GE ( V>I\S
ANIMALS4 ,! A3URATE ,R57]1 & ,BREHM 99
/ATE T ! ,AM]ICAN & ,AFRICAN MONKEYS :
!Y KEPT TAME1 C]TA9LY REV5G$ !MVS4 ,SIR
,&REW ,SMI?1 A ZOOLOGI/ ^: SCRUPUL\S
A3URACY 0 "KN 6_M P]SONS1 TOLD ME !
FOLL[+ /ORY ( : HE 0 HMF AN EYE-WIT;S2
AT ! ,CAPE ( ,GD ,HOPE AN (FIC] _H (T5
PLAGU$ A C]TA9 BABOON1 &! ANIMAL1 SEE+
HM APPROA*+ "O ,SUN"D = P>ADE1 P\R$ WAT]
96A HOLE & HA/ILY MADE "S ?ICK MUD1 : HE
SKIL;LLY DA%$ OV] ! (FIC] Z HE PASS$ BY1
6! AMUSE;T ( _M BY/&]S4 ,= L;G AFWS !
BABOON RJCD & TRIUMPH$ :5"E HE SAW 8
VICTIM4
      --,ALL ! FOLL[+ /ATE;TS1 GIV5 ON !
    AU?OR;Y ( ^! TWO NATURALI/S1 >E TAK5
    F ,R57]'S ,NATURGES*4 D] ,SAUGE?I]E
    VON ,P>AGUAY1 #AHCJ1 SS4 #DA-EG1 & F
    ,BREHM'S ,?I]LEB51 ,B4 I41 SS4 #AJ-
    #HG4
  ,! LOVE (A DOG = 8 MA/] IS NOTORI\S2 Z
AN OLD WRIT] QUA9TLY SAYS1 99 8,A DOG IS
! ONLY ?+ ON ? E>? T LUVS Y M ?AN HE
LUVS HMF40
      --,QUOT$ 0,DR4 ,LAUD] ,L9DSAY1 9 8
    8,PHYSIOLOGY ( ,M9D 9 ! ,L[]
    ,ANIMALS10 ,J\RNAL ( ,M5TAL ,SCI;E1
    ,APRIL1 #AHGA1 P4 #CH4
  ,9 ! AGONY ( D1? A DOG HAS BE5 "KN
6C>ESS 8 MA/]1 & E "O HAS HE>D (! DOG
SU6]+ "U VIVISEC;N1 :O LICK$ ! H& (!
OP]ATOR2 ? MAN1 UN.S ! OP],N 0 FULLY
JU/IFI$ 0AN 9CR1SE ( \R K1 OR UN.S HE _H
A HE>T ( /"O1 M/ H FELT REMORSE 6! LA/
H\R ( 8 LIFE4

,Z ,:EWELL 99 HAS WELL ASK$1 8,:O T R1DS
  ! T\*+ 9/.ES ( MAT]NAL A6EC;N1 RELAT$
  S (T5 (! WOM5 ( ALL N,NS1 &(! FEMALES
  ( ALL ANIMALS1 C D\BT T ! PR9CIPLE (
  AC;N IS ! SAME 9 ! TWO CASES80 ,WE SEE
  MAT]NAL A6EC;N EXHIBIT$ 9 ! MO/ TRIFL+
  DETAILS2 ?US ,R57] OBS]V$ AN ,AM]ICAN
  MONKEY 7A ,CEBUS7 C>E;LLY DRIV+ AWAY !
  FLIES : PLAGU$ H] 9FANT2 & ,DUVAUCEL
  SAW A ,HYLOBATES WA%+ ! FACES ( H] "Y
  "OS 9 A /R1M4 ,S 9T5SE IS ! GRIEF (
  FEMALE MONKEYS =! LOSS ( _! "Y1 T X
  9V>IABLY CAUS$ ! D1? ( C]TA9 K9DS KEPT
  "U 3F9E;T 0,BREHM 9 ,N4 ,AFRICA4
  ,ORPHAN MONKEYS 7 ALW ADOPT$ & C>E;LLY
  GU>D$ 0! O!R MONKEYS1 BO? MALES &
  FEMALES4 ,"O FEMALE BABOON _H S
  CAPACI\S A HE>T T %E N ONLY ADOPT$ "Y
  MONKEYS ( O!R SPECIES1 B /OLE "Y DOGS
  & CATS1 : %E 3T9U,Y C>RI$ AB4 ,H]
  K9D;S1 H["E1 DID N G S F> Z 6%>E H]
  FOOD ) H] ADOPT$ (FSPR+1 AT : ,BREHM 0
  SURPRIS$1 Z 8 MONKEYS ALW DIVID$ "EY?+
  Q FAIRLY ) _! [N "Y "OS4 ,AN ADOPT$
  KITT5 SCRAT*$ ? A6EC;NATE BABOON1 :O
  C]TA9LY _H A F9E 9TELLECT1 = %E 0 M*
  A/ONI%$ AT 2+ SCRAT*$1 & IMMLY EXAM9$
  ! KITT5'S FEET1 & )\T M ADO BIT (F !
  CLAWS4 99 7#B7 ,9 ! ,ZOOLOGICAL
  ,G>D5S1 ,I HE>D F ! KEEP] T AN OLD
  BABOON 7,C4 *ACMA7 _H ADOPT$ A ,RHESUS
  MONKEY2 B :5 A "Y DRILL & M&RILL 7
  PLAC$ 9 ! CAGE1 %E SEEM$ 6P]CV T ^!
  MONKEYS1 ?\< 4T9CT SPECIES1 7 H] NE>]
  RELATIVES1 = %E AT ONCE REJECT$ !
  ,RHESUS & ADOPT$ BO? ( !M4 ,! "Y
  ,RHESUS1 Z ,I SAW1 0 GRTLY 4CONT5T$ AT
  2+ ?US REJECT$1 & X WD1 L A NAU<TY *1
  ANNOY & ATTACK ! "Y DRILL & M&RILL
  :5"E X CD D S ) SAFETY2 ? 3DUCT EXCIT+
  GRT 9DIGN,N 9 ! OLD BABOON4 ,MONKEYS W
  AL1 AC 6,BREHM1 DEF5D _! MA/] :5
  ATTACK$ 0ANY "O1 Z WELL Z DOGS 6:OM !Y
  >E ATTA*$1 F ! ATTACKS ( O!R DOGS4 ,B
  WE "H TR5* ON ! SUBJECTS ( SYMPA?Y &
  FIDEL;Y1 6: ,I % RECUR4 ,"S ( ,BREHM'S
  MONKEYS TOOK M* DELI<T 9 T1S+ A C]TA9
  OLD DOG :OM !Y 4LIK$1 Z WELL Z O!R
  ANIMALS1 9 V>I\S 9G5I\S WAYS4

      --,BRIDGEWAT] ,TR1TISE1 P4 #BFC4
      997#B7 ,A CRITIC1 )\T ANY GR.DS
    7,QU>T]LY ,REVIEW1 ,JULY1 #AHGA1 P4
    #GB71 4PUTES ! POSSIBIL;Y ( ? ACT Z
    DESCRIB$ 0,BREHM1 =! SAKE ( 4CR$IT+
    MY "W4 ,"!=E ,I TRI$1 & F.D T ,I CD
    R1DILY SEIZE ) MY [N TEE? ! %>P LL
    CLAWS (A KITT5 NE>LY FIVE WEEKS OLD4
  ,MO/ (! M -PLEX EMO;NS >E -MON 6! HI<]
ANIMALS & \RVS4 ,E "O HAS SE5 H[ J1L\S A
DOG IS ( 8 MA/]'S A6EC;N1 IF LAVI%$ ON
ANY O!R CR1TURE2 & ,I H OBS]V$ ! SAME
FACT ) MONKEYS4 ,? %EWS T ANIMALS N ONLY
LOVE1 B H DESIRE 6BE LOV$4 ,ANIMALS
MANIFE/LY FEEL EMUL,N4 ,!Y LOVE APPROB,N
OR PRAISE2 &A DOG C>RY+ A BASKET = 8
MA/] EXHIBITS 9 A HI< DEGREE SELF-
-PLAC5CY OR PRIDE4 ,"! C1 ,I ?9K1 2 NO
D\BT T A DOG FEELS %AME1 Z 4T9CT F FE>1
& "S?+ V L MODE/Y :5 BE7+ TOO (T5 =
FOOD4 ,A GRT DOG SCORNS ! SN>L+ (A LL
DOG1 & ? MAY 2 CALL$ MAGNANIM;Y4 ,S"EAL
OBS]V]S H /AT$ T MONKEYS C]TA9LY 4LIKE
2+ LAU<$ AT2 & !Y "S"TS 9V5T IMAG9>Y
(F;ES4 ,9 ! ,ZOOLOGICAL ,G>D5S ,I SAW A
BABOON :O ALW GOT 96A FURI\S RAGE :5 8
KEEP] TOOK \ A LR OR BOOK & R1D X AL\D
6HM2 & 8 RAGE 0 S VIOL5T T1 Z ,I WIT;S$
ON "O O3A.N1 HE BIT 8 [N LEG TILL !
BLOOD FL[$4 ,DOGS %EW :AT MAY 2 FAIRLY
CALL$ A S5SE ( HUM\R1 Z 4T9CT F M]E
PLAY2 IF A BIT ( /ICK OR O!R S* OBJECT 2
?R[N 6"O1 HE W (T5 C>RY X AWAY =A %ORT
4T.E2 & !N SQUATT+ D[N ) X ON ! GR.D
CLOSE 2F HM1 W WAIT UNTIL 8 MA/] -ES Q
CLOSE 6TAKE X AWAY4 ,! DOG W !N SEIZE X
& RU% AWAY 9 TRIUMPH1 REP1T+ ! SAME
MANOEUVRE1 & EVID5TLY 5JOY+ ! PRACTICAL
JOKE4
  ,WE W N[ TURN 6! M 9TELLECTUAL EMO;NS
& FACULTIES1 : >E V IMPORTANT1 Z =M+ !
BASIS =! DEVELOP;T (! HI<] M5TAL P[]S4
,ANIMALS MANIFE/LY 5JOY EXCITE;T1 & SU6]
F 5NUI1 Z MAY 2 SE5 ) DOGS1 &1 AC
6,R57]1 ) MONKEYS4 ,ALL ANIMALS FEEL
,WOND]1 & _M EXHIBIT ,CURIOS;Y4 ,!Y
"S"TS SU6] F ? LATT] QUAL;Y1 Z :5 !
HUNT] PLAYS ANTICS & ?US ATTRACTS !M2 ,I
H WIT;S$ ? ) DE]1 & S X IS )! W>Y
*AMOIS1 &) "S K9DS ( WILD-DUCKS4 ,BREHM
GIVES A CURI\S A3.T (! 9/9CTIVE DR1D1 :
8 MONKEYS EXHIBIT$1 = SNAKES2 B _!
CURIOS;Y 0 S GRT T !Y CD N DESI/ F
O3A.N,Y SATIAT+ _! HORROR 9 A MO/ HUMAN
FA%ION1 0LIFT+ UP ! LID (! BOX 9 : !
SNAKES 7 KEPT4 ,I 0 S M* SURPRIS$ AT ?
A3.T1 T ,I TOOK A /U6$ & COIL$-UP SNAKE
96! MONKEY-H\SE AT ! ,ZOOLOGICAL ,G>D5S1
&! EXCITE;T ?US CAUS$ 0 "O (! MO/ CURI\S
SPECTACLES : ,I "E 2HELD4 ,?REE SPECIES
( ,C]COPI!CUS 7 ! MO/ AL>M$2 !Y DA%$ AB
_! CAGES1 & UTT]$ %>P SIGNAL CRIES (
DANG]1 : 7 "U/OOD 0! O!R MONKEYS4 ,A FEW
"Y MONKEYS & "O OLD ,ANUBIS BABOON AL"O
TOOK NO NOTICE (! SNAKE4 ,I !N PLAC$ !
/U6$ SPECIM5 ON ! GR.D 9 "O (! L>G]
-"P;TS4 ,AF A "T ALL ! MONKEYS COLLECT$
R.D X 9 A L>GE CIRCLE1 & />+ 9T5TLY1
PRES5T$ A MO/ LUDICR\S APPE>.E4 ,!Y
2CAME EXTREMELY N]V\S2 S T :5 A WOOD5
BALL1 ) : !Y 7 FAMILI> Z A PLAY?+1 0
A3ID5T,Y MOV$ 9 ! /RAW1 "U : X 0 "PLY
HI451 !Y ALL 9/ANTLY />T$ AWAY4 ,^!
MONKEYS 2HAV$ V DI6]5TLY :5 A D1D FI%1 A
M\SE1 99 A LIV+ TURTLE1 & O!R NEW
OBJECTS 7 PLAC$ 9 _! CAGES2 = ?\< AT F/
F"R5$1 !Y SOON APPROA*$1 H&L$ & EXAM9$
!M4 ,I !N PLAC$ A LIVE SNAKE 9 A PAP]
BAG1 )! M\? LOOSELY CLOS$1 9 "O (! L>G]
-"P;TS4 ,"O (! MONKEYS IMMLY APPROA*$1
CAUTI\SLY OP5$ ! BAG A LL1 PEEP$ IN1 &
9/ANTLY DA%$ AWAY4 ,!N ,I WIT;S$ :AT
,BREHM HAS DESCRIB$1 = MONKEY AF MONKEY1
) H1D RAIS$ HI< & TURN$ ON "O SIDE1 CD N
RESI/ TAK+ A MO;T>Y PEEP 96! UP"R BAG1
AT ! DR1D;L OBJECT LY+ QUIETLY AT !
BOTTOM4 ,X WD ALM APPE> Z IF MONKEYS _H
"S NO;N ( ZOOLOGICAL A69ITIES1 = ^? KEPT
0,BREHM EXHIBIT$ A /RANGE1 ?\< MISTAK51
9/9CTIVE DR1D ( 9NOC5T LIZ>DS & FROGS4
,AN ORANG1 AL1 HAS BE5 "KN 6BE M* AL>M$
AT ! F/ SI<T (A TURTLE4 99 7#B7
      --,I H GIV5 A %ORT A3.T ( _!
    2HAVI\R ON ? O3A.N 9 MY ,EXPRES.N (!
    ,EMO;NS 9 ,MAN & ,ANIMALS1 P4 #DC4
      997#B7 ,W4 ,C4 ,L4 ,M>T91 ,NATURAL
    ,HI/ORY ( ,MAMMALIA1 #AHDA1 P4 #DJE4
  ,! PR9CIPLE ( ,IMIT,N IS /R;G 9 MAN1 &
ESPECI,Y1 Z ,I H MYF OBS]V$1 ) SAVAGES4
,9 C]TA9 MORBID /ATES (! BRA9 ? T5D5CY
IS EXA7]AT$ 6AN EXTRAORD9>Y DEGREE3 "S
HEMIPLEGIC PATI5TS & O!RS1 AT ! -M;E;T (
9FLAMMATORY S(T5+ (! BRA91 UNCONSCI\SLY
IMITATE E ^W : IS UTT]$1 :E!R 9 _! [N OR
9 A =EIGN LANGUAGE1 & E GE/URE OR AC;N :
IS P]=M$ NE> !M4 99 ,DESOR 99 7#B7 HAS
REM>K$ T NO ANIMAL VOLUNT>ILY IMITATES
AN AC;N P]=M$ 0MAN1 UNTIL 9 ! ASC5D+
SCALE WE -E 6MONKEYS1 : >E WELL "KN 6BE
RIDICUL\S MOCK]S4 ,ANIMALS1 H["E1 "S"TS
IMITATE EA* O!R'S AC;NS3 ?US TWO SPECIES
( WOLVES1 : _H BE5 RE>$ 0DOGS1 LE>N$
6B>K1 Z DOES "S"TS ! JACKAL1 99 7#C7 B
:E!R ? C 2 CALL$ VOLUNT>Y IMIT,N IS
ANO!R "Q4 ,BIRDS IMITATE ! S;GS ( _!
P>5TS1 & "S"TS ( O!R BIRDS2 & P>ROTS >E
NOTORI\S IMITATORS ( ANY S.D : !Y (T5
HE>4 ,DUR1U DE LA ,MALLE GIVES AN
A3.T997#D7 (A DOG RE>$ 0A CAT1 :O LE>NT
6IMITATE ! WELL-"KN AC;N (A CAT LICK+ H]
PAWS1 & ?US WA%+ H] E>S & FACE2 ? 0 AL
WIT;S$ 0! CELEBRAT$ NATURALI/ ,AUD\94 ,I
H RCVD S"EAL 3FIRMATORY A3.TS2 9 "O (
^!1 A DOG _H N BE5 SUCKL$ 0A CAT1 B _H
BE5 BR"\ UP ) "O1 TGR ) KITT5S1 & _H ?US
ACQUIR$ ! ABV HABIT1 : HE "E AFWS
PRACTIS$ DUR+ 8 LIFE ( ?IRTE5 YE>S4
,DUR1U DE LA ,MALLE'S DOG LIKEWISE LE>NT
F ! KITT5S 6PLAY )A BALL 0ROLL+ X AB ) 8
=E PAWS1 & SPR++ ON X4 ,A CORRESPOND5T
ASSURES ME T A CAT 9 8 H\SE US$ 6PUT H]
PAWS 96JUGS ( MILK HAV+ TOO N>R[ A M\? =
H] H1D4 ,A KITT5 ( ? CAT SOON LE>N$ !
SAME TRICK1 & PRACTIS$ X "E AFWS1 :5"E
"! 0 AN OPPORTUN;Y4
      --,DR4 ,BATEMAN1 ,ON ,APHASIA1
    #AHGJ1 P4 #AAJ4
      997#B7 ,QUOT$ 0,VOGT1 ,MEMOIRE SUR
    LES ,MICROCEPHALES1 #AHFG1 P4 #AFH4
      997#C7 ,! ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS &
    ,PLANTS "U ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 I41 P4
    #BG4
      997#D7 ,ANNALES DES ,SCI;ES ,NAT41
    7#A/ S]IES71 TOM1 ;XXII41 P4 #CIG4
  ,! P>5TS ( _M ANIMALS1 TRU/+ 6!
PR9CIPLE ( IMIT,N 9 _! "Y1 & M ESPECI,Y
6_! 9/9CTIVE OR 9H]IT$ T5D5CIES1 MAY 2
SD 6$UCATE !M4 ,WE SEE ? :5 A CAT BR+S A
LIVE M\SE 6H] KITT5S2 & ,DUR1U DE LA
,MALLE HAS GIV5 A CURI\S A3.T 7IN ! PAP]
ABV QUOT$7 ( 8 OBS]V,NS ON HAWKS : TAU<T
_! "Y DEXT];Y1 Z WELL Z JUDG;T ( 4T.ES1
0F/ DROPP+ "? ! AIR D1D MICE & SP>R[S1 :
! "Y G5],Y FAIL$ 6CAT*1 & !N BR++ !M
LIVE BIRDS & LETT+ !M LOOSE4
  ,H>DLY ANY FACULTY IS M IMPORTANT =!
9TELLECTUAL PROGRESS ( MAN ?AN ,ATT5;N4
,ANIMALS CLE>LY MANIFE/ ? P[]1 Z :5 A
CAT WAT*ES 0A HOLE & PREP>ES 6SPR+ ON XS
PREY4 ,WILD ANIMALS "S"TS 2COME S
ABSORB$ :5 ?US 5GAG$1 T !Y MAY 2 EASILY
APPROA*$4 ,MR4 ,B>TLETT HAS GIV5 ME A
CURI\S PRO( H[ V>IA# ? FACULTY IS 9
MONKEYS4 ,A MAN :O TRA9S MONKEYS 6ACT 9
PLAYS1 US$ 6PUR*ASE -MON K9DS F !
,ZOOLOGICAL ,SOCIETY AT ! PRICE ( FIVE
P.DS = EA*2 B HE (F]$ 6GIVE D\# ! PRICE1
IF HE MI<T KEEP ?REE OR F\R ( !M =A FEW
"DS1 9 ORD] 6SELECT "O4 ,:5 ASK$ H[ HE
CD POSSIBLY LE>N S SOON1 :E!R A "PICUL>
MONKEY WD TURN \ A GD ACTOR1 HE ANSW]$ T
X ALL DEP5D$ ON _! P[] ( ATT5;N4 ,IF :5
HE 0 TALK+ & EXPLA9+ ANY?+ 6A MONKEY1 XS
ATT5;N 0 EASILY 4TRACT$1 Z 0A FLY ON !
WALL OR O!R TRIFL+ OBJECT1 ! CASE 0
HOPE.S4 ,IF HE TRI$ 0PUNI%;T 6MAKE AN
9ATT5TIVE MONKEY ACT1 X TURN$ SULKY4 ,ON
! O!R H&1 A MONKEY : C>E;LLY ATT5D$ 6HM
CD ALW 2 TRA9$4
  ,X IS ALM SUP]FLU\S 6/ATE T ANIMALS H
EXCELL5T ,MEMORIES = P]SONS & PLACES4 ,A
BABOON AT ! ,CAPE ( ,GD ,HOPE1 Z ,I H
BE5 9=M$ 0,SIR ,&REW ,SMI?1 RECOGNIS$ HM
) JOY AF AN ABS;E ( N9E MON?S4 ,I _H A
DOG :O 0 SAVAGE & AV]SE 6ALL /RANG]S1 &
,I PURPOSELY TRI$ 8 MEMORY AF AN ABS;E (
FIVE YE>S & TWO "DS4 ,I W5T NE> ! /A# ":
HE LIV$1 & %\T$ 6HM 9 MY OLD MANN]2 HE
%EW$ NO JOY1 B 9/ANTLY FOLL[$ ME \
WALK+1 & OBEY$ ME1 EXACTLY Z IF ,I _H
"P$ ) HM ONLY HALF AN H\R 2F4 ,A TRA9 (
OLD ASSOCI,NS1 DORMANT DUR+ FIVE YE>S1
_H ?US BE5 9/ANTANE\SLY AWAK5$ 9 8 M9D4
,EV5 ANTS1 Z ,P4 ,HUB] 99 HAS CLE>LY
%EWN1 RECOGNIS$ _! FELL[-ANTS 2L;G+ 6!
SAME -MUN;Y AF A SEP>,N ( F\R MON?S4
,ANIMALS C C]TA9LY 0"S M1NS JUDGE (!
9T]VALS ( "T 2T RECURR5T EV5TS4
      --,LES ,MOEURS DES ,F\RMIS1 #AHAJ1
    P4 #AEJ4
  ,! ,IMAG9,N IS "O (! HI<E/
PREROGATIVES ( MAN4 ,0? FACULTY HE
UNITES =M] IMAGES & ID1S1 9DEP5D5TLY (!
W1 & ?US CR1TES BRILLIANT & NOVEL
RESULTS4 ,A POET1 Z ,J1N ,PAUL ,RI*T]
REM>KS1 99 8:O M/ REFLECT :E!R HE % MAKE
A "* SAY YES OR NO- 6! DEVIL ) HM2 HE IS
ONLY A /UPID CORPSE40 ,DR1M+ GIVES U !
BE/ NO;N ( ? P[]2 Z ,J1N ,PAUL AG SAYS1
8,! DR1M IS AN 9VOLUNT>Y >T ( POETRY40
,! VALUE (! PRODUCTS ( \R IMAG9,N DEP5DS
( C\RSE ON ! NUMB]1 A3URACY1 & CLE>;S (
\R IMPRES.NS1 ON \R JUDG;T & TA/E 9
SELECT+ OR REJECT+ ! 9VOLUNT>Y -B9,NS1 &
6A C]TA9 EXT5T ON \R P[] ( VOLUNT>ILY
-B9+ !M4 ,Z DOGS1 CATS1 HORSES1 &
PROBABLY ALL ! HI<] ANIMALS1 EV5
BIRDS997#B7 H VIVID DR1MS1 & ? IS %EWN
0_! MOVE;TS &! S.DS UTT]$1 WE M/ ADMIT T
!Y POSSESS "S P[] ( IMAG9,N4 ,"! M/ 2
"S?+ SPECIAL1 : CAUSES DOGS 6H[L 9 !
NI<T1 & ESPECI,Y DUR+ MOONLI<T1 9 T
REM>KA# & MELAN*OLY MANN] CALL$ BAY+4
,ALL DOGS D N D S2 &1 AC 6,H\Z1U1 99
7#C7 !Y D N !N LOOK AT ! MOON1 B AT "S
FIX$ PO9T NE> ! HORIZON4 ,H\Z1U ?9KS T
_! IMAG9,NS >E 4TURB$ 0! VAGUE \TL9ES (!
SURR.D+ OBJECTS1 & 3JURE UP 2F !M
FANTA/IC IMAGES3 IF ? 2 S1 _! FEEL+S MAY
ALM 2 CALL$ SUP]/ITI\S4
      --,QUOT$ 9 ,DR4 ,MAUDSLEY'S
    ,PHYSIOLOGY & ,PA?OLOGY ( ,M9D1
    #AHFH1 PP4 #AI1 #BBJ4
      997#B7 ,DR4 ,J]DON1 ,BIRDS (
    ,9DIA1 VOL4 I41 #AHFB1 P4 ;XXI4
    ,H\Z1U SAYS T 8 P>AKEETS & CAN>Y-
    BIRDS DR1MT3 ,ETUDES SUR LES
    ,FACULTES ,M5TALES DES ,ANIMAUX1
    TOM4 ;II41 P4 #ACF4
      997#C7 IBID41 #AHGB1 TOM4 ;II41 P4
    #AHA4
  ,( ALL ! FACULTIES (! HUMAN M9D1 X W1
,I PRESUME1 2 ADMITT$ T ,R1SON /&S AT !
SUMMIT4 ,ONLY A FEW P]SONS N[ 4PUTE T
ANIMALS POSSESS "S P[] ( R1SON+4
,ANIMALS MAY 3/ANTLY 2 SE5 6PAUSE1
DELIB]ATE1 & RESOLVE4 ,X IS A
SIGNIFICANT FACT1 T ! M ! HABITS ( ANY
"PICUL> ANIMAL >E /UDI$ 0A NATURALI/1 !
M HE ATTRIBUTES 6R1SON &! LESS 6UNLE>NT
9/9CTS4 99 ,9 FUTURE *APT]S WE % SEE T
"S ANIMALS EXTREMELY L[ 9 ! SCALE
APP>5TLY 4PLAY A C]TA9 AM.T ( R1SON4 ,NO
D\BT X IS (T5 DI6ICULT 64T+UI% 2T ! P[]
( R1SON & T ( 9/9CT4 ,= 9/.E4 ,DR4
,HAYES1 9 8 "W ON ,! ,OP5 ,POL> ,SEA1
REP1T$LY REM>KS T 8 DOGS1 9/1D ( 3T9U+
6DRAW ! SL$GES 9 A -PACT BODY1 DIV]G$ &
SEP>AT$ :5 !Y CAME 6?9 ICE1 S T _! WEI<T
MI<T 2 M EV5LY 4TRIBUT$4 ,? 0 (T5 ! F/
W>N+ : ! TRAVELL]S RCVD T ! ICE 0 2COM+
?9 & DANG]\S4 ,N[1 DID ! DOGS ACT ?US F
! EXP]I;E ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL1 OR F !
EXAMPLE (! OLD] & WIS] DOGS1 OR F AN
9H]IT$ HABIT1 T IS F 9/9CT8 ,? 9/9CT1
MAY POSSIBLY H >IS5 S9CE ! "T1 L;G AGO1
:5 DOGS 7 F/ EMPLOY$ 0! NATIVES 9 DRAW+
_! SL$GES2 OR ! >CTIC WOLVES1 ! P>5T-
/OCK (! ,ESQUIMAUX DOG1 MAY H ACQUIR$ AN
9/9CT IMPELL+ !M N 6ATTACK _! PREY 9 A
CLOSE PACK1 :5 ON ?9 ICE4
      --,MR4 ,L4 ,H4 ,MORGAN'S "W ON ,!
    ,AM]ICAN ,B1V]1 #AHFH1 (F]S A GD
    ILLU/R,N ( ? REM>K4 ,I _C HELP ?9K+1
    H["E1 T HE GOES TOO F> 9 "UTAK+ !
    P[] ( 9/9CT4
  ,WE C ONLY JUDGE 0! CIRCUM/.ES "U :
AC;NS >E P]=M$1 :E!R !Y >E DUE 69/9CT1
OR 6R1SON1 OR 6! M]E ASSOCI,N ( ID1S3 ?
LATT] PR9CIPLE1 H["E1 IS 9TIMATELY
3NECT$ ) R1SON4 ,A CURI\S CASE HAS BE5
GIV5 0,PR(4 ,MOBIUS1 99 (A PIKE1 SEP>AT$
0A PLATE ( GLASS F AN ADJO9+ AQU>IUM
/OCK$ ) FI%1 & :O (T5 DA%$ HMF ) S*
VIOL;E AG/ ! GLASS 9 TRY+ 6CAT* ! O!R
FI%ES1 T HE 0 "S"TS -PLETELY /UNN$4 ,!
PIKE W5T ON ?US = ?REE MON?S1 B AT LA/
LE>NT CAU;N1 & C1S$ 6D S4 ,! PLATE (
GLASS 0 !N REMOV$1 B ! PIKE WD N ATTACK
^! "PICUL> FI%ES1 ?\< HE WD DEV\R O!RS :
7 AFWS 9TRODUC$2 S /R;GLY 0 ! IDEA (A
VIOL5T %OCK ASSOCIAT$ 9 8 FEE# M9D )!
ATTEMPT ON 8 =M] NEI<B\RS4 ,IF A SAVAGE1
:O _H N"E SE5 A L>GE PLATE-GLASS W9D[1 7
6DA% HMF EV5 ONCE AG/ X1 HE WD =A L;G "T
AFWS ASSOCIATE A %OCK )A W9D[-FRAME2 B V
DI6]5TLY F ! PIKE1 HE WD PROBABLY
REFLECT ON ! NATURE (! IMP$I;T1 & 2
CAUTI\S "U ANALOG\S CIRCUM/.ES4 ,N[ )
MONKEYS1 Z WE % PRES5TLY SEE1 A PA9;L OR
M]ELY A 4AGREEA# IMPRES.N1 F AN AC;N
ONCE P]=M$1 IS "S"TS SU6ICI5T 6PREV5T !
ANIMAL F REP1T+ X4 ,IF WE ATTRIBUTE ?
DI6];E 2T ! MONKEY &! PIKE SOLELY 6!
ASSOCI,N ( ID1S 2+ S M* /R;G] & M
P]SI/5T 9 ! "O ?AN ! O!R1 ?\< ! PIKE (T5
RCVD M* ! M SEV]E 9JURY1 C WE MA9TA9 9 !
CASE ( MAN T A SIMIL> DI6];E IMPLIES !
POSSES.N (A FUNDA;T,Y DI6]5T M9D8
      --,DIE ,2WEGUNG5 D] ,?I]E1 &C41
    #AHGC1 P4 #AA4
  ,H\Z1U RELATES 99 T1 :IL/ CROSS+ A
WIDE & >ID PLA9 9 ,TEXAS1 8 TWO DOGS
SU6]$ GRTLY F ?IR/1 & T 2T ?IRTY & =TY
"TS !Y RU%$ D[N ! HOLL[S 6SE>* = WAT]4
,^! HOLL[S 7 N VALLEYS1 & "! 7 NO TREES
9 !M1 OR ANY O!R DI6];E 9 ! VEGET,N1 & Z
!Y 7 ABSOLUTELY DRY "! CD H BE5 NO SMELL
( DAMP E>?4 ,! DOGS 2HAV$ Z IF !Y KNEW T
A DIP 9 ! GR.D (F]$ !M ! BE/ *.E ( F9D+
WAT]1 & ,H\Z1U HAS (T5 WIT;S$ ! SAME
2HAVI\R 9 O!R ANIMALS4
      --,ETUDES SUR LES ,FACULTES
    ,M5TALES DES ,ANIMAUX1 #AHGB1 TOM4
    ;II41 P4 #BFE4
  ,I H SE51 Z ,I D>ESAY H O!RS1 T :5 A
SMALL OBJECT IS ?R[N ON ! GR.D 2Y ! R1*
( "O (! ELEPHANTS 9 ! ,ZOOLOGICAL
,G>D5S1 HE BL[S "? 8 TRUNK ON ! GR.D 2Y
! OBJECT1 S T ! CURR5T REFLECT$ ON ALL
SIDES MAY DRIVE ! OBJECT )9 8 R1*4 ,AG A
WELL-"KN E?NOLOGI/1 ,MR4 ,WE/ROPP1 9=MS
ME T HE OBS]V$ 9 ,VI5NA A BE>
DELIB]ATELY MAK+ ) 8 PAW A CURR5T 9 "S
WAT]1 : 0 CLOSE 6! B>S ( 8 CAGE1 S Z
6DRAW A PIECE ( FLOAT+ BR1D )9 8 R1*4
,^! AC;NS (! ELEPHANT & BE> C H>DLY 2
ATTRIBUT$ 69S#G;T9CT OR 9H]IT$ HABIT1 Z
!Y WD 2 ( LL USE 6AN ANIMAL 9 A /ATE (
NATURE4 ,N[1 :AT IS ! DI6];E 2T S*
AC;NS1 :5 P]=M$ 0AN UNCULTIVAT$ MAN1 &
0"O (! HI<] ANIMALS8
  ,! SAVAGE &! DOG H (T5 F.D WAT] AT A
L[ LEVEL1 &! CO9CID;E "U S* CIRCUM/.ES
HAS 2COME ASSOCIAT$ 9 _! M9DS4 ,A
CULTIVAT$ MAN WD P]H MAKE "S G5]AL
PROPOSI;N ON ! SUBJECT2 B F ALL T WE "K
( SAVAGES X IS EXTREMELY D\BT;L :E!R !Y
WD D S1 &A DOG C]TA9LY WD N4 ,B A
SAVAGE1 Z WELL Z A DOG1 WD SE>* 9 ! SAME
WAY1 ?\< FREQU5TLY 4APPO9T$2 & 9 BO? X
SEEMS 6BE EQU,Y AN ACT ( R1SON1 :E!R OR
N ANY G5]AL PROPOSI;N ON ! SUBJECT IS
3SCI\SLY PLAC$ 2F ! M9D4 99 ,! SAME WD
APPLY 6! ELEPHANT &! BE> MAK+ CURR5TS 9
! AIR OR WAT]4 ,! SAVAGE WD C]TA9LY NEI
"K NOR C>E 0:AT LAW ! DESIR$ MOVE;TS 7
E6ECT$2 YET 8 ACT WD 2 GUID$ 0A RUDE
PROCESS ( R1SON+1 Z SURELY Z WD A
PHILOSOPH] 9 8 L;GE/ *A9 ( DEDUC;NS4 ,"!
WD NO D\BT 2 ? DI6];E 2T HM & "O (! HI<]
ANIMALS1 T HE WD TAKE NOTICE ( M* SLI<T]
CIRCUM/.ES & 3DI;NS1 & WD OBS]VE ANY
3NEC;N 2T !M AF M* LESS EXP]I;E1 & ? WD
2 ( P>AM.T IMPORT.E4 ,I KEPT A DAILY
RECORD (! AC;NS ( "O ( MY 9FANTS1 & :5
HE 0 AB ELEV5 MON?S OLD1 & 2F HE CD SP1K
A S+LE ^W1 ,I 0 3T9U,Y /RUCK )! GRT]
QK;S1 ) : ALL SORTS ( OBJECTS & S.DS 7
ASSOCIAT$ TGR 9 8 M9D1 -P>$ ) T (! MO/
9TELLIG5T DOGS ,I "E KNEW4 ,B ! HI<]
ANIMALS DI6] 9 EXACTLY ! SAME WAY 9 ?
P[] ( ASSOCI,N F ^? L[ 9 ! SCALE1 S* Z !
PIKE1 Z WELL Z 9 T ( DRAW+ 9F];ES &(
OBS]V,N4
      --,PR(4 ,HUXLEY HAS ANALYS$ )
    ADMIRA# CLE>;S ! M5TAL /EPS 0: A
    MAN1 Z WELL Z A DOG1 >RIVES AT A
    3CLU.N 9 A CASE ANALOG\S 6T GIV5 9
    MY TEXT4 ,SEE 8 >TICLE1 8,MR4
    ,D>W9'S ,CRITICS10 9 ! ,3TEMPOR>Y
    ,REVIEW1 ,NOV41 #AHGA1 P4 #DFB1 & 9
    8 ,CRITIQUES & ,ESSAYS1 #AHGC1 P4
    #BGI4
  ,! PROMPT+S ( R1SON1 AF V %ORT
EXP]I;E1 >E WELL %EWN 0! FOLL[+ AC;NS (
,AM]ICAN MONKEYS1 : /& L[ 9 _! ORD]4
,R57]1 A MO/ C>E;L OBS]V]1 /ATES T :5 HE
F/ GAVE E7S 6HIS MONKEYS 9 ,P>AGUAY1 !Y
SMA%$ !M1 & ?US LO/ M* ( _! 3T5TS2 AFWS
!Y G5TLY HIT "O 5D AG/ "S H>D BODY1 &
PICK$ (F ! BITS ( %ELL ) _! F+]S4 ,AF
CUTT+ !MVS ONLY ONCE ) ANY %>P TOOL1 !Y
WD N T\* X AG1 OR WD H&LE X )! GRTE/
CAU;N4 ,LUMPS ( SUG> 7 (T5 GIV5 !M
WRAPP$ UP 9 PAP]2 & ,R57] "S"TS PUT A
LIVE WASP 9 ! PAP]1 S T 9 HA/ILY UNFOLD+
X !Y GOT /UNG2 AF ? _H ONCE HAPP5$1 !Y
ALW F/ HELD ! PACKET 6_! E>S 6DETECT ANY
MOVE;T )94 99
      --,MR4 ,BELT1 9 8 MO/ 9T]E/+ "W1
    ,! ,NATURALI/ 9 ,NIC>AGUA1 #AHGD1 P4
    #AAI1 LIKEWISE DESCRIBES V>I\S AC;NS
    (A TAM$ ,CEBUS1 :1 ,I ?9K1 CLE>LY
    %EW T ? ANIMAL POSSESS$ "S R1SON+
    P[]4
  ,! FOLL[+ CASES RELATE 6DOGS4 ,MR4
,COLQUH\N 99 W+$ TWO WILD-DUCKS1 : FELL
ON ! FUR!R SIDE (A /R1M2 8 RETRIEV] TRI$
6BR+ OV] BO? AT ONCE1 B CD N SU3E$2 %E
!N1 ?\< N"E 2F "KN 6RU6LE A F1!R1
DELIB]ATELY KILL$ "O1 BR"\ OV] ! O!R1 &
RETURN$ =! D1D BIRD4 ,COL4 ,HUT*9SON
RELATES T TWO "PRIDGES 7 %OT AT ONCE1 "O
2+ KILL$1 ! O!R W.D$2 ! LATT] RAN AWAY1
& 0 CAU<T 0! RETRIEV]1 :O ON H] RETURN
CAME ACR ! D1D BIRD2 8%E /OPP$1 EVID5TLY
GRTLY PUZZL$1 & AF "O OR TWO TRIALS1
F9D+ %E CD N TAKE X UP )\T P]MITT+ !
ESCAPE (! W+$ BIRD1 %E 3SID]$ A MO;T1 !N
DELIB]ATELY MURD]$ X 0GIV+ X A SEV]E
CRUN*1 & AFWS BR"\ AWAY BO? TGR4 ,? 0 !
ONLY "KN 9/.E ( H] "E HAV+ WIL;LLY 9JUR$
ANY GAME40 ,"H WE H R1SON ?\< N Q
P]FECT1 =! RETRIEV] MI<T H BR"\ ! W.D$
BIRD F/ & !N RETURN$ =! D1D "O1 Z 9 !
CASE (! TWO WILD-DUCKS4 ,I GIVE ! ABV
CASES1 Z RE/+ ON ! EVID;E ( TWO 9DEP5D5T
WIT;SES1 & 2C 9 BO? 9/.ES ! RETRIEV]S1
AF DELIB],N1 BROKE "? A HABIT : IS
9H]IT$ 0!M 7T ( N KILL+ ! GAME
RETRIEV$71 & 2C !Y %EW H[ /R;G _! R1SON+
FACULTY M/ H BE5 6OV]COME A FIX$ HABIT4
      --,! ,MOOR &! ,LO*1 P4 #DE4 ,COL4
    ,HUT*9SON ON ,DOG ,BR1K+1 #AHEJ1 P4
    #DF4
  ,I W 3CLUDE 0QUOT+ A REM>K 0!
ILLU/RI\S ,HUMBOLDT4 99 8,! MULETE]S 9
,S4 ,AM]ICA SAY1 ,8,I W N GIVE Y ! MULE
^: /EP IS EASIE/1 B LA MAS RACIONAL1- !
"O T R1SONS BE/0'02 &2 Z1 HE A4S1 8?
POPUL> EXPRES.N1 DICTAT$ 0L;G EXP]I;E1
-BATS ! SY/EM ( ANIMAT$ MA*9ES1 BETT]
P]H ?AN ALL ! >GU;TS ( SPECULATIVE
PHILOSOPHY40 ,N"E!.S "S WRIT]S EV5 YET
D5Y T ! HI<] ANIMALS POSSESS A TRACE (
R1SON2 & !Y 5D1VOR 6EXPLA9 AWAY1 0:AT
APPE>S 6BE M]E V]BIAGE1 99 7#B7 ALL S*
FACTS Z ^? ABV GIV54
      --,P]SONAL ,N>RATIVE1 ,5G4
    TRANSLAT41 VOL4 ;III41 P4 #AJF4
      997#B7 ,I AM GLAD 6F9D T S ACUTE A
    R1SON] Z ,MR4 ,LESLIE ,/EPH5
    78,D>W9ISM & ,DIV9;Y10 ,ESSAYS ON
    ,FREE ,?9K+1 #AHGC1 P4 #HJ71 9 SP1K+
    (! SUPPOS$ IMPASSA# B>RI] 2T ! M9DS
    ( MAN &! L[] ANIMALS1 SAYS1 8,!
    4T9C;NS1 9DE$1 : H BE5 DRAWN1 SEEM
    6U 6RE/ ^U NO BETT] F.D,N ?AN A GRT
    _M O!R METAPHYSICAL 4T9C;NS2 T IS1 !
    ASSUMP;N T 2C Y C GIVE TWO ?+S
    DI6]5T "NS1 !Y M/ "!=E H DI6]5T
    NATURES4 ,X IS DI6ICULT 6"U/& H[
    ANYBODY :O HAS "E KEPT A DOG1 OR SE5
    AN ELEPHANT1 C H ANY D\BT Z 6AN
    ANIMAL'S P[] ( P]=M+ ! ESS5TIAL
    PROCESSES ( R1SON+40
  ,X HAS1 ,I ?9K1 N[ BE5 %EWN T MAN &!
HI<] ANIMALS1 ESPECI,Y ! PRIMATES1 H "S
FEW 9/9CTS 9 -MON4 ,ALL H ! SAME S5SES1
9TUI;NS1 & S5S,NS1- SIMIL> PAS.NS1
A6EC;NS1 & EMO;NS1 EV5 ! M -PLEX "OS1 S*
Z J1L\SY1 SUSPICION1 EMUL,N1 GRATITUDE1
& MAGNANIM;Y2 !Y PRACTISE DECEIT & >E
REV5GE;L2 !Y >E "S"TS SUSCEPTI#
6RIDICULE1 & EV5 H A S5SE ( HUM\R2 !Y
FEEL WOND] & CURIOS;Y2 !Y POSSESS ! SAME
FACULTIES ( IMIT,N1 ATT5;N1 DELIB],N1
*OICE1 MEMORY1 IMAG9,N1 ! ASSOCI,N (
ID1S1 & R1SON1 ?\< 9 V DI6]5T DEGREES4
,! 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME SPECIES GRADUATE 9
9TELLECT F ABSOLUTE IMBECIL;Y 6HI<
EXCELL;E4 ,!Y >E AL LIA# 69SAN;Y1 ?\< F>
LESS (T5 ?AN 9 ! CASE ( MAN4 99 ,N"E!.S1
_M AU?ORS H 9SI/$ T MAN IS DIVID$ 0AN
9SUP]A# B>RI] F ALL ! L[] ANIMALS 9 9 8
M5TAL FACULTIES4 ,I =M]LY MADE A
COLLEC;N ( ABV A SCORE ( S* APHORISMS1 B
!Y >E ALM WOR?.S1 Z _! WIDE DI6];E &
NUMB] PROVE ! DI6ICULTY1 IF N !
IMPOSSIBIL;Y1 (! ATTEMPT4 ,X HAS BE5
ASS]T$ T MAN AL"O IS CAPA# ( PROGRESSIVE
IMPROVE;T2 T HE AL"O MAKES USE ( TOOLS
OR FIRE1 DOME/ICATES O!R ANIMALS1 OR
POSSESSES PROP]TY2 T NO ANIMAL HAS ! P[]
( AB/RAC;N1 OR ( =M+ G5]AL 3CEPTS1 IS
SELF-3SCI\S & -PREH5DS XF2 T NO ANIMAL
EMPLOYS LANGUAGE2 T MAN AL"O HAS A S5SE
( B1UTY1 IS LIA# 6CAPRICE1 HAS ! FEEL+ (
GRATITUDE1 MY/]Y1 &C42 2LIEVES 9 ,GOD1
OR IS 5D[$ )A 3SCI;E4 ,I W HAZ>D A FEW
REM>KS ON ! M IMPORTANT & 9T]E/+ ( ^!
PO9TS4
      --,SEE 8,MAD;S 9 ,ANIMALS10 0,DR4
    ,W4 ,LAUD] ,L9DSAY1 9 ,J\RNAL (
    ,M5TAL ,SCI;E1 ,JULY1 #AHGA4
  ,>*BI%OP ,SUMN] =M]LY MA9TA9$ 99 T MAN
AL"O IS CAPA# ( PROGRESSIVE IMPROVE;T4
,T HE IS CAPA# ( 9COMP>ABLY GRT] & M
RAPID IMPROVE;T ?AN IS ANY O!R ANIMAL1
ADMITS ( NO 4PUTE2 & ? IS MA9LY DUE 6HIS
P[] ( SP1K+ & H&+ D[N 8 ACQUIR$ K4 ,)
ANIMALS1 LOOK+ F/ 6! 9DIVIDUAL1 E "O :O
HAS _H ANY EXP]I;E 9 SETT+ TRAPS1 "KS T
"Y ANIMALS C HE CAU<T M* M EASILY ?AN
OLD "OS2 & !Y C 2 M* M EASILY APPROA*$
0AN 5EMY4 ,EV5 ) RESPECT 6OLD ANIMALS1 X
IS IMPOSSI# 6CAT* _M 9 ! SAME PLACE & 9
! SAME K9D ( TRAP1 OR 6DE/ROY !M 0! SAME
K9D ( POISON2 YET X IS IMPROBA# T ALL %D
H P>TAK5 (! POISON1 & IMPOSSI# T ALL %D
H BE5 CAU<T 9 A TRAP4 ,!Y M/ LE>N CAU;N
0SEE+ _! BRE?R5 CAU<T OR POISON$4 ,9
,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 ": ! FUR-BE>+ ANIMALS H
L;G BE5 PURSU$1 !Y EXHIBIT1 AC 6!
UNANIM\S TE/IMONY ( ALL OBS]V]S1 AN ALM
9CR$I# AM.T ( SAGAC;Y1 CAU;N & CUNN+2 B
TRAPP+ HAS BE5 "! S L;G C>RI$ ON1 T
9H]IT.E MAY POSSIBLY H -E 96PLAY4 ,I H
RCVD S"EAL A3.TS T :5 TELEGRAPHS >E F/
SET UP 9 ANY 4TRICT1 _M BIRDS KILL !MVS
0FLY+ AG/ ! WIRES1 B T 9 ! C\RSE (A V
FEW YE>S !Y LE>N 6AVOID ? DANG]1 0SEE+1
Z X WD APPE>1 _! -RADES KILL$4 99 7#B7
      --,QUOT$ 0,SIR ,C4 ,LYELL1
    ,ANTIQU;Y ( ,MAN1 P4 #DIG4
      997#B7 ,= A4I;NAL EVID;E1 )
    DETAILS1 SEE ,M4 ,H\Z1U1 ,ETUDES SUR
    LES ,FACULTES ,M5TALES DES ,ANIMAUX1
    TOM4 ;II41 #AHGB1 P4 #ADG4
  ,IF WE LOOK 6SU3ESSIVE G5],NS1 OR 6!
RACE1 "! IS NO D\BT T BIRDS & O!R
ANIMALS GRADU,Y BO? ACQUIRE & LOSE CAU;N
9 REL,N 6MAN OR O!R 5EMIES2 99 & ? CAU;N
IS C]TA9LY 9 *IEF "P AN 9H]IT$ HABIT OR
9/9CT1 B 9 "P ! RESULT ( 9DIVIDUAL
EXP]I;E4 ,A GD OBS]V]1 ,L]OY1 99 7#B7
/ATES1 T 9 4TRICTS ": FOXES >E M* HUNT$1
! "Y1 ON F/ L1V+ _! BURR[S1 >E
9CONTE/ABLY M* M W>Y ?AN ! OLD "OS 9
4TRICTS ": !Y >E N M* 4TURB$4
      --,SEE1 ) RESPECT 6BIRDS ON OC1NIC
    ISL&S1 MY ,J\RNAL ( ,RESE>*ES DUR+ !
    ,VOYAGE (! 8,B1GLE10 #AHDE1 P4 #CIH4
    ,AL1 ,ORIG9 ( ,SPECIES47,,OOS7
      997#B7 ,LETTRES ,PHIL4 SUR
    L',9TELLIG;E DES ,ANIMAUX1 N\VELLE
    $IT41 #AHJB1 P4 #HF4
  ,\R DOME/IC DOGS >E DESC5D$ F WOLVES &
JACKALS1 99 & ?\< !Y MAY N H GA9$ 9
CUNN+1 & MAY H LO/ 9 W>I;S & SUSPICION1
YET !Y H PROGRESS$ 9 C]TA9 MORAL
QUALITIES1 S* Z 9 A6EC;N1 TRU/-WOR?I;S1
TEMP]1 & PROBABLY 9 G5]AL 9TELLIG;E4 ,!
-MON RAT HAS 3QU]$ & B1T5 S"EAL O!R
SPECIES "?\T ,EUROPE1 9 "PS ( ,NOR?
,AM]ICA1 ,NEW ,Z1L&1 & REC5TLY 9 ,=MOSA1
Z WELL Z ON ! MA9L& ( ,*9A4 ,MR4
,SW9HOE1 99 7#B7 :O DESCRIBES ^! TWO
LATT] CASES1 ATTRIBUTES ! VICTORY (!
-MON RAT OV] ! L>GE ,MUS CON+A 6XS
SUP]IOR CUNN+2 & ? LATT] QUAL;Y MAY
PROBABLY 2 ATTRIBUT$ 6! HABITUAL EX]CISE
( ALL XS FACULTIES 9 AVOID+ EXTIRP,N
0MAN1 Z WELL Z 6NE>LY ALL ! LESS CUNN+
OR W1K-M9D$ RATS HAV+ BE5 3T9U\SLY
DE/ROY$ 0HM4 ,X IS1 H["E1 POSSI# T !
SU3ESS (! -MON RAT MAY 2 DUE 6XS HAV+
POSSESS$ GRT] CUNN+ ?AN XS FELL[-
SPECIES1 2F X 2CAME ASSOCIAT$ ) MAN4
,6MA9TA91 9DEP5D5TLY ( ANY DIRECT
EVID;E1 T NO ANIMAL DUR+ ! C\RSE ( AGES
HAS PROGRESS$ 9 9TELLECT OR O!R M5TAL
FACULTIES1 IS 6BEG ! "Q (! EVOLU;N (
SPECIES4 ,WE H SE5 T1 AC 6,L>TET1 EXI/+
MAMMALS 2L;G+ 6S"EAL ORD]S H L>G] BRA9S
?AN _! ANCI5T T]TI>Y PROTOTYPES4
      --,SEE ! EVID;E ON ? H1D 9 *AP4
    I41 VOL4 I41 ,ON ! ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS
    & ,PLANTS "U ,DOME/IC,N4
      997#B7 ,PROCE$+S ,ZOOLOGICAL
    ,SOCIETY1 #AHFD1 P4 #AHF4
  ,X HAS (T5 BE5 SD T NO ANIMAL USES ANY
TOOL2 B ! *IMPANZEE 9 A /ATE ( NATURE
CRACKS A NATIVE FRUIT1 "S:AT L A WALNUT1
)A /"O4 99 ,R57] 99 7#B7 EASILY TAU<T AN
,AM]ICAN MONKEY ?US 6BR1K OP5 H>D PALM-
NUTS2 & AFWS ( XS [N A3ORD1 X US$ /"OS
6OP5 O!R K9DS ( NUTS1 Z WELL Z BOXES4 ,X
?US AL REMOV$ ! S(T R9D ( FRUIT T _H A
4AGREEA# FLAV\R4 ,ANO!R MONKEY 0 TAU<T
6OP5 ! LID (A L>GE BOX )A /ICK1 & AFWS X
US$ ! /ICK Z A L"E 6MOVE H1VY BODIES2 &
,I H MYF SE5 A "Y ORANG PUT A /ICK 96A
CREVICE1 SLIP 8 H& 6! O!R 5D1 & USE X 9
! PROP] MANN] Z A L"E4 ,! TAM$ ELEPHANTS
9 ,9DIA >E WELL "KN 6BR1K (F BRAN*ES (
TREES & USE !M 6DRIVE AWAY ! FLIES2 & ?
SAME ACT HAS BE5 OBS]V$ 9 AN ELEPHANT 9
A /ATE ( NATURE4 99 7#C7 ,I H SE5 A "Y
ORANG1 :5 %E ?"\ %E 0 GO+ 6BE :IPP$1
COV] & PROTECT H]F )A BLANKET OR /RAW4
,9 ^! S"EAL CASES /"OS & /ICKS 7 EMPLOY$
Z IMPLE;TS2 B !Y >E LIKEWISE US$ Z
W1PONS4 ,BREHM 99 7#D7 /ATES1 ON !
AU?OR;Y (! WELL-"KN TRAVELL] ,S*IMP]1 T
9 ,ABYSS9IA :5 ! BABOONS 2L;G+ 6"O
SPECIES 7,C4 GELADA7 DESC5D 9 TROOPS F !
M.TA9S 6PL"U ! FIELDS1 !Y "S"TS 5C.T]
TROOPS ( ANO!R SPECIES 7,C4 HAMADRYAS71
& !N A FI<T 5SUES4 ,! ,GELADAS ROLL D[N
GRT /"OS1 : ! ,HAMADRYAS TRY 6AVOID1 &
!N BO? SPECIES1 MAK+ A GRT UPRO>1 RU%
FURI\SLY AG/ EA* O!R4 ,BREHM1 :5
A3OMPANY+ ! ,DUKE ( ,COBURG-,GO?A1 AID$
9 AN ATTACK ) FIRE->MS ON A TROOP (
BABOONS 9 ! PASS ( ,M5SA 9 ,ABYSS9IA4 ,!
BABOONS 9 RETURN ROLL$ S _M /"OS D[N !
M.TA91 "S Z L>GE Z A MAN'S H1D1 T !
ATTACK]S _H 6B1T A HA/Y RETR1T2 &! PASS
0 ACTU,Y CLOS$ =A "T AG/ ! C>AVAN4 ,X
DES]VES NOTICE T ^! BABOONS ?US ACT$ 9
3C]T4 ,MR4 ,WALLACE 99 7#E7 ON ?REE
O3A.NS SAW FEMALE ORANGS1 A3OMPANI$ 0_!
"Y1 8BR1K+ (F BRAN*ES &! GRT SP9Y FRUIT
(! ,DURIAN TREE1 ) E APPE>.E ( RAGE2
CAUS+ S* A %[] ( MISSILES Z E6ECTU,Y
KEPT U F APPROA*+ TOO NE> ! TREE40 ,Z ,I
H REP1T$LY SE51 A *IMPANZEE W ?R[ ANY
OBJECT AT H& AT A P]SON :O (F5DS HM2 &!
2F-M5;N$ BABOON AT ! ,CAPE ( ,GD ,HOPE
PREP>$ MUD =! PURPOSE4
      --,SAVAGE & ,WYMAN 9 ,BO/ON
    ,J\RNAL ( ,NATURAL ,HI/ORY1 VOL4
    ;IV41 #AHDC-DD1 P4 #CHC4
      997#B7 ,SAUGE?I]E VON ,P>AGUAY1
    #AHCJ1 SS4 #EA-EF4
      997#C7 ,! ,9DIAN ,FIELD1 ,M>* #D1
    #AHGA4
      997#D7 ,ILLU/RI]TES ,?I]LEB51 ,B4
    I41 S4 #GI1 #HB4
      997#E7 ,! ,MALAY ,>*IPELAGO1 VOL4
    I41 #AHFI1 P4 #HG4
  ,9 ! ,ZOOLOGICAL ,G>D5S1 A MONKEY1 :
_H W1K TEE?1 US$ 6BR1K OP5 NUTS )A /"O2
& ,I 0 ASSUR$ 0! KEEP]S T AF US+ ! /"O1
HE HID X 9 ! /RAW1 & WD N LET ANY O!R
MONKEY T\* X4 ,"H1 !N1 WE H ! IDEA (
PROP]TY2 B ? IDEA IS -MON 6E DOG )A B"O1
& 6MO/ OR ALL BIRDS ) _! NE/S4
  ,! ,DUKE ( ,>GYLL 99 REM>KS1 T !
FA%ION+ ( AN IMPLE;T =A SPECIAL PURPOSE
IS ABSOLUTELY PECULI> 6MAN2 & HE 3SID]S
T ? =MS AN IMM1SURA# GULF 2T HM &!
BRUTES4 ,? IS NO D\BT A V IMPORTANT
4T9C;N2 B "! APPE>S 6ME M* TRU? 9 ,SIR
,J4 ,LU2OCK'S SU7ES;N1 99 7#B7 T :5
PRIMEVAL MAN F/ US$ FL9T-/"OS = ANY
PURPOSE1 HE WD H A3ID5T,Y SPL9T]$ !M1 &
WD !N H US$ ! %>P FRAG;TS4 ,F ? /EP X WD
2 A SMALL "O 6BR1K ! FL9TS ON PURPOSE1 &
N A V WIDE /EP 6FA%ION !M RUDELY4 ,?
LATT] ADV.E1 H["E1 MAY H TAK5 L;G AGES1
IF WE MAY JUDGE 0! IMM5SE 9T]VAL ( "T :
ELAPS$ 2F ! M5 (! NEOLI?IC P]IOD TOOK
6GR9D+ & POLI%+ _! /"O TOOLS4 ,9 BR1K+ !
FL9TS1 Z ,SIR ,J4 ,LU2OCK LIKEWISE
REM>KS1 SP>KS WD H BE5 EMITT$1 & 9 GR9D+
!M H1T WD H BE5 EVOLV$3 ?US ! TWO USUAL
ME?ODS ( 8OBTA9+ FIRE MAY H ORIG9AT$40
,! NATURE ( FIRE WD H BE5 "KN 9 ! _M
VOLCANIC REGIONS ": LAVA O3A.N,Y FL[S "?
=E/S4 ,! AN?ROPOMORPH\S APES1 GUID$
PROBABLY 09/9CT1 BUILD = !MVS TEMPOR>Y
PLAT=MS2 B Z _M 9/9CTS >E L>GELY 3TROLL$
0R1SON1 ! SIMPL] "OS1 S* Z ? ( BUILD+ A
PLAT=M1 MI<T R1DILY PASS 96A VOLUNT>Y &
3SCI\S ACT4 ,! ORANG IS "KN 6COV] XF AT
NI<T )! L1VES (! P&ANUS2 & ,BREHM /ATES
T "O ( 8 BABOONS US$ 6PROTECT XF F ! H1T
(! SUN 0?R[+ A /RAW-MAT OV] XS H1D4 ,9
^! S"EAL HABITS1 WE PROBABLY SEE ! F/
/EPS T[>DS "S (! SIMPL] >TS1 S* Z RUDE
>*ITECTURE & DRESS1 Z !Y >OSE AM;G/ !
E>LY PROG5ITORS ( MAN4
      --,PRIMEVAL ,MAN1 #AHFI1 PP4 #ADE1
    #ADG4
      997#B7 ,PREHI/ORIC ,"TS1 #AHFE1 P4
    #DGC1 &C4
  ,AB/RAC;N1 ,G5]AL ,3CEP;NS1 ,SELF-
3SCI\S;S1 ,M5TAL ,9DIVIDUAL;Y4- ,X WD 2
V DI6ICULT = ANY "O ) EV5 M* M K ?AN ,I
POSSESS1 6DET]M9E H[ F> ANIMALS EXHIBIT
ANY TRACES ( ^! HI< M5TAL P[]S4 ,?
DI6ICULTY >ISES F ! IMPOSSIBIL;Y ( JUDG+
:AT PASSES "? ! M9D ( AN ANIMAL2 & AG1 !
FACT T WRIT]S DI6] 6A GRT EXT5T 9 ! M1N+
: !Y ATTRIBUTE 6! ABV T]MS1 CAUSES A
FUR!R DI6ICULTY4 ,IF "O MAY JUDGE F
V>I\S >TICLES : H BE5 PUBLI%$ LATELY1 !
GRTE/ /RESS SEEMS 6BE LAID ON ! SUPPOS$
5TIRE ABS;E 9 ANIMALS (! P[] ( AB/RAC;N1
OR ( =M+ G5]AL 3CEPTS4 ,B :5 A DOG SEES
ANO!R DOG AT A 4T.E1 X IS (T5 CLE> T HE
P]CVS T X IS A DOG 9 ! AB/RACT2 = :5 HE
GETS NE>] 8 :OLE MANN] SU45LY *ANGES IF
! O!R DOG 2 A FR4 ,A REC5T WRIT] REM>KS1
T 9 ALL S* CASES X IS A PURE ASSUMP;N
6ASS]T T ! M5TAL ACT IS N ESS5TI,Y (!
SAME NATURE 9 ! ANIMAL Z 9 MAN4 ,IF EI
REF]S :AT HE P]CVS ) 8 S5SES 6A M5TAL
3CEPT1 !N S D BO?4 99 ,:5 ,I SAY 6MY
T]RI]1 9 AN EAG] VOICE 7& ,I H MADE !
TRIAL _M "TS71 8,HI1 HI1 ": IS X80 %E AT
ONCE TAKES X Z A SIGN T "S?+ IS 6BE
HUNT$1 & G5],Y F/ LOOKS QKLY ALL >.D1 &
!N RU%ES 96! NE>E/ ?ICKET1 6SC5T = ANY
GAME1 B F9D+ NO?+1 %E LOOKS UP 96ANY
NEI<B\R+ TREE =A SQUIRREL4 ,N[ D N ^!
AC;NS CLE>LY %EW T %E _H 9 H] M9D A
G5]AL IDEA OR 3CEPT T "S ANIMAL IS 6BE
4COV]$ & HUNT$8
      --,MR4 ,HOOKHAM1 9 A LR 6,PR(4
    ,MAX ,MULL]1 9 ! ,BIRM+HAM ,NEWS1
    ,MAY1 #AHGC4
  ,X MAY 2 FREELY ADMITT$ T NO ANIMAL IS
SELF-3SCI\S1 IF 0? T]M X IS IMPLI$1 T HE
REFLECTS ON S* PO9TS1 Z :;E HE -ES OR
:I!R HE W G1 OR :AT IS LIFE & D1?1 & S
=?4 ,B H[ C WE FEEL SURE T AN OLD DOG )
AN EXCELL5T MEMORY & "S P[] ( IMAG9,N1 Z
%EWN 0HIS DR1MS1 N"E REFLECTS ON 8 PA/
PL1SURES OR PA9S 9 ! *ASE8 ,& ? WD 2 A
=M ( SELF-3SCI\S;S4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 Z
,BU*N] 99 HAS REM>K$1 H[ LL C ! H>D "W$
WIFE (A DEGRAD$ ,AU/RALIAN SAVAGE1 :O
USES V FEW AB/RACT ^WS1 & _C C.T ABV
F\R1 EX]T H] SELF-3SCI\S;S1 OR REFLECT
ON ! NATURE ( H] [N EXI/;E4 ,X IS G5],Y
ADMITT$1 T ! HI<] ANIMALS POSSESS
MEMORY1 ATT5;N1 ASSOCI,N1 & EV5 "S
IMAG9,N & R1SON4 ,IF ^! P[]S1 : DI6] M*
9 DI6]5T ANIMALS1 >E CAPA# ( IMPROVE;T1
"! SEEMS NO GRT IMPROBABIL;Y 9 M -PLEX
FACULTIES1 S* Z ! HI<] =MS ( AB/RAC;N1 &
SELF-3SCI\S;S1 &C41 HAV+ BE5 EVOLV$ "? !
DEVELOP;T & -B9,N (! SIMPL] "OS4 ,X HAS
BE5 URG$ AG/ ! VIEWS "H MA9TA9$ T X IS
IMPOSSI# 6SAY AT :AT PO9T 9 ! ASC5D+
SCALE ANIMALS 2COME CAPA# ( AB/RAC;N1
&C42 B :O C SAY AT :AT AGE ? O3URS 9 \R
"Y *N8 ,WE SEE AT L1/ T S* P[]S >E
DEVELOP$ 9 *N 0IMP]CEPTI# DEGREES4
      --,3F];ES SUR LA ,!ORIE ,D>W9I5NE1
    ,FR5* TRANSLAT41 #AHFI1 P4 #ACB4
  ,T ANIMALS RETA9 _! M5TAL 9DIVIDUAL;Y
IS UN"QA#4 ,:5 MY VOICE AWAK5$ A TRA9 (
OLD ASSOCI,NS 9 ! M9D (! 2F-M5;N$ DOG1
HE M/ H RETA9$ 8 M5TAL 9DIVIDUAL;Y1 AL?
E ATOM ( 8 BRA9 _H PROBABLY "UG"O *ANGE
M ?AN ONCE DUR+ ! 9T]VAL ( FIVE YE>S4 ,?
DOG MI<T H BR"\ =W>D ! >GU;T LATELY
ADV.ED 6CRU% ALL EVOLU;NI/S1 & SD1 8,I
ABIDE AMID ALL M5TAL MOODS & ALL MAT]IAL
*ANGES '''4 ,! T1*+ T ATOMS L1VE _!
IMPRES.NS Z LEGACIES 6O!R ATOMS FALL+
96! PLACES !Y H VACAT$ IS 3TRADICTORY (!
UTT].E ( 3SCI\S;S1 & IS "!=E FALSE2 B X
IS ! T1*+ NECESSITAT$ 0EVOLU;NISM1
3SEQU5TLY ! HYPO!SIS IS A FALSE "O48 99
      --,! ,REV4 ,DR4 ,J4 ,M',CANN1
    ,ANTI-,D>W9ISM1 #AHFI1 P4 #AC4
  ,LANGUAGE4- ,? FACULTY HAS JU/LY BE5
3SID]$ Z "O (! *IEF 4T9C;NS 2T MAN &!
L[] ANIMALS4 ,B MAN1 Z A HI<LY -PET5T
JUDGE1 ,>*BI%OP ,:ATELY REM>KS1 8IS N !
ONLY ANIMAL T C MAKE USE ( LANGUAGE
6EXPRESS :AT IS PASS+ 9 8 M9D1 & C "U/&1
M OR LESS1 :AT IS S EXPRESS$ 0ANO!R48 99
,9 ,P>AGUAY ! ,CEBUS AZ>AE :5 EXCIT$
UTT]S AT L1/ SIX 4T9CT S.DS1 : EXCITE 9
O!R MONKEYS SIMIL> EMO;NS4 99 7#B7 ,!
MOVE;TS (! F1TURES & GE/URES ( MONKEYS
>E "U/OOD 0U1 & !Y "PLY "U/& \RS1 Z
,R57] & O!RS DCL4 ,X IS A M REM>KA# FACT
T ! DOG1 S9CE 2+ DOME/ICAT$1 HAS LE>NT
6B>K 99 7#C7 9 AT L1/ F\R OR FIVE 4T9CT
T"OS4 ,AL? B>K+ IS A NEW >T1 NO D\BT !
WILD P>5T-SPECIES (! DOG EXPRESS$ _!
FEEL+S 0CRIES ( V>I\S K9DS4 ,)!
DOME/ICAT$ DOG WE H ! B>K ( EAG];S1 Z 9
! *ASE2 T ( ANG]1 Z WELL Z GR[L+2 ! YELP
OR H[L ( DESPAIR1 Z :5 %UT UP2 ! BAY+ AT
NI<T2 ! B>K ( JOY1 Z :5 />T+ ON A WALK )
8 MA/]2 &! V 4T9CT "O ( DEM& OR
SUPPLIC,N1 Z :5 WI%+ =A DOOR OR W9D[ 6BE
OP5$4 ,AC 6,H\Z1U1 :O PD "PICUL> ATT5;N
6! SUBJECT1 ! DOME/IC F[L UTT]S AT L1/ A
DOZ5 SIGNIFICANT S.DS4 99 7#D7
      --,QUOT$ 9 ,AN?ROPOLOGICAL
    ,REVIEW1 #AHFD1 P4 #AEH4
      997#B7 ,R57]1 IBID41 S4 #DE4
  997#C7 ,SEE MY ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS &
,PLANTS "U ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 I41 P4 #BG4
      997#D7 ,FACULTES ,M5TALES DES
    ,ANIMAUX1 TOM4 ;II41 #AHGB1 P4 #CDF-
    #CDI4
  ,! HABITUAL USE ( >TICULATE LANGUAGE
IS1 H["E1 PECULI> 6MAN2 B HE USES1 9
-MON )! L[] ANIMALS1 9>TICULATE CRIES
6EXPRESS 8 M1N+1 AID$ 0GE/URES &!
MOVE;TS (! MUSCLES (! FACE4 99 ,?
ESPECI,Y HOLDS GD )! M SIMPLE & VIVID
FEEL+S1 : >E B LL 3NECT$ ) \R HI<]
9TELLIG;E4 ,\R CRIES ( PA91 FE>1
SURPRISE1 ANG]1 TGR ) _! APPROPRIATE
AC;NS1 &! MURMUR (A "M 6H] 2LOV$ * >E M
EXPRESSIVE ?AN ANY ^WS4 ,T : 4T+UI%ES
MAN F ! L[] ANIMALS IS N ! "U/&+ (
>TICULATE S.DS1 =1 Z E "O "KS1 DOGS "U/&
_M ^WS & S5T;ES4 ,9 ? RESPECT !Y >E AT !
SAME /AGE ( DEVELOP;T Z 9FANTS1 2T !
AGES ( T5 & TWELVE MON?S1 :O "U/& _M ^WS
& %ORT S5T;ES1 B _C YET UTT] A S+LE ^W4
,X IS N ! M]E >TICUL,N : IS \R 4T+UI%+
"*1 = P>ROTS & O!R BIRDS POSSESS ? P[]4
,NOR IS X ! M]E CAPAC;Y ( 3NECT+ DEF9ITE
S.DS ) DEF9ITE ID1S2 = X IS C]TA9 T "S
P>ROTS1 : H BE5 TAU<T 6SP1K1 3NECT
UN]R+LY ^WS ) ?+S1 & P]SONS ) EV5TS4 99
7#B7 ,! L[] ANIMALS DI6] F MAN SOLELY 9
8 ALM 9F9ITELY L>G] P[] ( ASSOCIAT+ TGR
! MO/ DIV]SIFI$ S.DS & ID1S2 & ?
OBVI\SLY DEP5DS ON ! HI< DEVELOP;T ( 8
M5TAL P[]S4
      --,SEE A 4CUS.N ON ? SUBJECT 9
    ,MR4 ,E4 ,B4 ,TYLOR'S V 9T]E/+ "W1
    ,RESE>*ES 96! ,E>LY ,HI/ORY (
    ,MANK9D1 #AHFE1 *APS4 ;II4 6;IV4
      997#B7 ,I H RCVD S"EAL DETAIL$
    A3.TS 6? E6ECT4 ,ADMIRAL ,SIR4 ,B4
    ,J4 ,SULIVAN1 :OM ,I "K 6BE A C>E;L
    OBS]V]1 ASSURES ME T AN ,AFRICAN
    P>ROT1 L;G KEPT 9 8 "F'S H\SE1
    9V>IABLY CALL$ C]TA9 P]SONS (!
    H\SEHOLD1 Z WELL Z VISITORS1 0_!
    "NS4 ,HE SD 8GD MORN+0 6E "O AT
    BR1KFA/1 & 8GD NI<T0 6EA* Z !Y LEFT
    ! ROOM AT NI<T1 & N"E REV]S$ ^!
    SALUT,NS4 ,6,SIR ,B4 ,J4 ,SULIVAN'S
    "F1 HE US$ 6ADD 6! "1 GD MORN+0 A
    %ORT S5T;E1 : 0 N"E ONCE REP1T$ AF 8
    "F'S D1?4 ,HE SCOLD$ VIOL5TLY A
    /RANGE DOG : CAME 96! ROOM "? ! OP5
    W9D[2 & HE SCOLD$ ANO!R P>ROT 7SAY+
    8Y NAU<TY POLLY07 : _H GOT \ ( XS
    CAGE1 & 0 EAT+ APPLES ON ! KIT*5
    TA#4 ,SEE AL1 6! SAME E6ECT1 ,H\Z1U
    ON P>ROTS1 ,FACULTES ,M5TALES1 TOM4
    ;II41 P4 #CJI4 ,DR4 ,A4 ,MOS*KAU
    9=MS ME T HE KNEW A />L+ : N"E MADE
    A MISTAKE 9 SAY+ 9 ,G]MAN "1 GD
    MORN+0 6P]SONS >RIV+1 & 8GD BYE1 OLD
    FELL[10 6^? DE"P+4 ,I CD ADD S"EAL
    O!R S* CASES4
  ,Z ,HORNE ,TOOKE1 "O (! F.D]S (! NO#
SCI;E ( PHILOLOGY1 OBS]VES1 LANGUAGE IS
AN >T1 L BREW+ OR BAK+2 B WRIT+ WD H BE5
A BETT] SIMILE4 ,X C]TA9LY IS N A TRUE
9/9CT1 = E LANGUAGE HAS 6BE LE>NT4 ,X
DI6]S1 H["E1 WIDELY F ALL ORD9>Y >TS1 =
MAN HAS AN 9/9CTIVE T5D5CY 6SP1K1 Z WE
SEE 9 ! BAB# ( \R "Y *N2 :IL/ NO * HAS
AN 9/9CTIVE T5D5CY 6BREW1 BAKE1 OR
WRITE4 ,MOREOV]1 NO PHILOLOGI/ N[
SUPPOSES T ANY LANGUAGE HAS BE5
DELIB]ATELY 9V5T$2 X HAS BE5 SL[LY &
UNCONSCI\SLY DEVELOP$ 0_M /EPS4 99 ,!
S.DS UTT]$ 0BIRDS (F] 9 S"EAL RESPECTS !
NE>E/ ANALOGY 6LANGUAGE1 = ALL ! MEMB]S
(! SAME SPECIES UTT] ! SAME 9/9CTIVE
CRIES EXPRESSIVE ( _! EMO;NS2 & ALL !
K9DS : S+1 EX]T _! P[] 9/9CTIVELY2 B !
ACTUAL S;G1 & EV5 ! CALL-NOTES1 >E LE>NT
F _! P>5TS OR FO/]-P>5TS4 ,^! S.DS1 Z
,DA9ES ,B>R+TON 99 7#B7 HAS PROV$1 8>E
NO M 9NATE ?AN LANGUAGE IS 9 MAN40 ,! F/
ATTEMPTS 6S+ 8MAY 2 -P>$ 6! IMP]FECT
5D1V\R 9 A * 6BAB#40 ,! "Y MALES 3T9UE
PRACTIS+1 OR Z ! BIRD-CAT*]S SAY1
8RECORD+10 = T5 OR ELEV5 MON?S4 ,_! F/
ESSAYS %[ H>DLY A RUDI;T (! FUTURE S;G2
B Z !Y GR[ OLD] WE C P]CV :AT !Y >E AIM+
AT2 & AT LA/ !Y >E SD 86S+ _! S;G R.D40
,NE/L+S : H LE>NT ! S;G (A 4T9CT
SPECIES1 Z )! CAN>Y-BIRDS $UCAT$ 9 !
,TYROL1 T1* & TRANSMIT _! NEW S;G 6_!
(FSPR+4 ,! SLI<T NATURAL DI6];ES ( S;G 9
! SAME SPECIES 9HABIT+ DI6]5T 4TRICTS
MAY 2 APPOSITELY -P>$1 Z ,B>R+TON
REM>KS1 86PROV9CIAL DIALECTS02 &! S;GS (
ALLI$1 ?\< 4T9CT SPECIES MAY 2 -P>$ )!
LANGUAGES ( 4T9CT RACES ( MAN4 ,I H GIV5
! =EGO+ DETAILS 6%EW T AN 9/9CTIVE
T5D5CY 6ACQUIRE AN >T IS N PECULI> 6MAN4
      --,SEE "S GD REM>KS ON ? H1D
    0,PR(4 ,:ITNEY1 9 8 ,ORI5TAL &
    ,L+UI/IC ,/UDIES1 #AHGC1 P4 #CED4
    ,HE OBS]VES T ! DESIRE ( -MUNIC,N 2T
    MAN IS ! LIV+ =CE1 :1 9 ! DEVELOP;T
    ( LANGUAGE1 8"WS BO? 3SCI\SLY &
    UNCONSCI\SLY2 3SCI\SLY Z REG>DS !
    IMM 5D 6BE ATTA9$2 UNCONSCI\SLY Z
    REG>DS ! FUR!R 3SEQU;ES (! ACT40
      997#B7 ,HON4 ,DA9ES ,B>R+TON 9
    ,PHILOSOPH4 ,TRANSAC;NS1 #AGGC1 P4
    #BFB4 ,SEE AL ,DUR1U DE LA ,MALLE1 9
    ,ANN4 DES4 ,SC4 ,NAT41 #CRD S]IES1
    ,ZOOLOG41 TOM4 X41 P4 #AAI4
  ,) RESPECT 6! ORIG9 ( >TICULATE
LANGUAGE1 AF HAV+ R1D ON ! "O SIDE !
HI<LY 9T]E/+ "WS ( ,MR4 ,H5SLEI<
,W$GWOOD1 ! ,REV4 ,F4 ,F>R>1 & ,PR(4
,S*LEI*]1 99 &! CELEBRAT$ LECTURES (
,PR(4 ,MAX ,MULL] ON ! O!R SIDE1 ,I _C
D\BT T LANGUAGE [ES XS ORIG9 6! IMIT,N &
MODIFIC,N ( V>I\S NATURAL S.DS1 ! VOICES
( O!R ANIMALS1 & MAN'S [N 9/9CTIVE
CRIES1 AID$ 0SIGNS & GE/URES4 ,:5 WE
TR1T ( SEXUAL SELEC;N WE % SEE T
PRIMEVAL MAN1 OR R "S E>LY PROG5ITOR (
MAN1 PROBABLY F/ US$ 8 VOICE 9 PRODUC+
TRUE MUSICAL CAD;ES1 T IS 9 S++1 Z D "S
(! GI2ON-APES AT ! PRES5T "D2 & WE MAY
3CLUDE F A WIDELY-SPR1D ANALOGY1 T ? P[]
WD H BE5 ESPECI,Y EX]T$ DUR+ ! C\RT%IP (
! SEXES1- WD H EXPRESS$ V>I\S EMO;NS1 S*
Z LOVE1 J1L\SY1 TRIUMPH1- & WD H S]V$ Z
A *ALL5GE 6RIVALS4 ,X IS1 "!=E1 PROBA# T
! IMIT,N ( MUSICAL CRIES 0>TICULATE S.DS
MAY H GIV5 RISE 6^WS EXPRESSIVE ( V>I\S
-PLEX EMO;NS4 ,! /R;G T5D5CY 9 \R NE>E/
ALLIES1 ! MONKEYS1 9 MICROCEPHAL\S
IDIOTS1 99 7#B7 & 9 ! B>B>\S RACES (
MANK9D1 6IMITATE :AT"E !Y HE> DES]VES
NOTICE1 Z BE>+ ON ! SUBJECT ( IMIT,N4
,S9CE MONKEYS C]TA9LY "U/& M* T IS SD
6!M 0MAN1 & :5 WILD1 UTT] SIGNAL-CRIES (
DANG] 6_! FELL[S2 99 7#C7 & S9CE F[LS
GIVE 4T9CT W>N+S = DANG] ON ! GR.D1 OR 9
! SKY F HAWKS 7BO?1 Z WELL Z A ?IRD CRY1
9TELLIGI# 6DOGS71 99 7#D7 MAY N "S
UNUSU,Y WISE APELIKE ANIMAL H IMITAT$ !
GR[L (A B1/ ( PREY1 & ?US TOLD 8 FELL[-
MONKEYS ! NATURE (! EXPECT$ DANG]8 ,? WD
H BE5 A F/ /EP 9 ! =M,N (A LANGUAGE4
      --,ON ! ,ORIG9 ( ,LANGUAGE1 BY
    ;,H4 ,W$GWOOD1 #AHFF4 ,*APT]S ON
    ,LANGUAGE1 0! ,REV4 ,F4 ,W4 ,F>R>1
    #AHFE4 ,^! "WS >E MO/ 9T]E/+4 ,SEE
    AL ,DE LA ,PHYS4 ET DE ,P>OLE1 P>
    ,ALB]T ,LEMO9E1 #AHFE1 P4 #AIJ4 ,!
    "W ON ? SUBJECT1 0! LATE ,PR(4 ,AUG4
    ,S*LEI*]1 HAS BE5 TRANSLAT$ 0,DR4
    ,BIKK]S 96,5GLI%1 "U ! TITLE (
    ,D>W9ISM TE/$ 0! ,SCI;E ( ,LANGUAGE1
    #AHFI4
      997#B7 ,VOGT1 ,MEMOIRE SUR LES
    ,MICROCEPHALES1 #AHFG1 P4 #AFI4 ,)
    RESPECT 6SAVAGES1 ,I H GIV5 "S FACTS
    9 MY ,J\RNAL ( ,RESE>*ES1 &C41
    #AHDE1 P4 #BJF4
      997#C7 ,SEE CLE> EVID;E ON ? H1D 9
    ! TWO "WS S (T5 QUOT$1 0,BREHM &
    ,R57]4
      997#D7 ,H\Z1U GIVES A V CURI\S
    A3.T ( 8 OBS]V,NS ON ? SUBJECT 9 8
    ,FACULTES ,M5TALES DES ,ANIMAUX1
    TOM4 ;II41 P4 #CDH4
  ,Z ! VOICE 0 US$ M & M1 ! VOCAL ORGANS
WD H BE5 /R5G!N$ & P]FECT$ "? ! PR9CIPLE
(! 9H]IT$ E6ECTS ( USE2 & ? WD H REACT$
ON ! P[] ( SPEE*4 ,B ! REL,N 2T ! 3T9U$
USE ( LANGUAGE &! DEVELOP;T (! BRA91 HAS
NO D\BT BE5 F> M IMPORTANT4 ,! M5TAL
P[]S 9 "S E>LY PROG5ITOR ( MAN M/ H BE5
M HI<LY DEVELOP$ ?AN 9 ANY EXI/+ APE1 2F
EV5 ! MO/ IMP]FECT =M ( SPEE* CD H -E
96USE2 B WE MAY 3FID5TLY 2LIEVE T !
3T9U$ USE & ADV.E;T ( ? P[] WD H REACT$
ON ! M9D XF1 05ABL+ & 5C\RAG+ X 6C>RY ON
L;G TRA9S ( ?"\4 ,A -PLEX TRA9 ( ?"\ C
NO M 2 C>RI$ ON )\T ! AID ( ^WS1 :E!R
SPOK5 OR SIL5T1 ?AN A L;G CALCUL,N )\T !
USE ( FIGURES OR ALGEBRA4 ,X APPE>S1 AL1
T EV5 AN ORD9>Y TRA9 ( ?"\ ALM REQUIRES1
OR IS GRTLY FACILITAT$ 0"S =M (
LANGUAGE1 =! DUMB1 D1F1 & BL GIRL1
,LAURA ,BRIDGMAN1 0 OBS]V$ 6USE H] F+]S
:IL/ DR1M+4 99 ,N"E!.S1 A L;G SU3ES.N (
VIVID & 3NECT$ ID1S MAY PASS "? ! M9D
)\T ! AID ( ANY =M ( LANGUAGE1 Z WE MAY
9F] F ! MOVE;TS ( DOGS DUR+ _! DR1MS4
,WE H1 AL1 SE5 T ANIMALS >E A# 6R1SON 6A
C]TA9 EXT5T1 MANIFE/LY )\T ! AID (
LANGUAGE4 ,! 9TIMATE 3NEC;N 2T ! BRA91 Z
X IS N[ DEVELOP$ 9 U1 &! FACULTY (
SPEE*1 IS WELL %EWN 0^? CURI\S CASES (
BRA9-41SE 9 : SPEE* IS SPECI,Y A6ECT$1 Z
:5 ! P[] 6REMEMB] SUB/ANTIVES IS LO/1
:IL/ O!R ^WS C 2 CORRECTLY US$1 OR ":
SUB/ANTIVES (A C]TA9 CLASS1 OR ALL
EXCEPT ! 9ITIAL LRS ( SUB/ANTIVES &
PROP] "NS >E =GOTT54 99 7#B7 ,"! IS NO M
IMPROBABIL;Y 9 ! 3T9U$ USE (! M5TAL &
VOCAL ORGANS L1D+ 69H]IT$ *ANGES 9 _!
/RUCTURE & FUNC;NS1 ?AN 9 ! CASE ( H&-
WRIT+1 : DEP5DS "PLY ON ! =M (! H& &
"PLY ON ! 4POSI;N (! M9D2 & H&WRIT+ IS
C]TA9LY 9H]IT$4 99 7#C7
      --,SEE REM>KS ON ? H1D 0,DR4
    ,MAUDSLEY1 ,! ,PHYSIOLOGY &
    ,PA?OLOGY ( ,M9D1 #BND $41 #AHFH1 P4
    #AII4
      997#B7 ,_M CURI\S CASES H BE5
    RECORD$4 ,SEE1 = 9/.E1 ,DR4 ,BATEMAN
    ,ON ,APHASIA1 #AHGJ1 PP4 #BG1 #CA1
    #EC1 #AJJ1 &C4 ,AL1 ,9QUIRIES ,3C]N+
    ! ,9TELLECTUAL ,P[]S1 0,DR4
    ,AB]CROMBIE1 #AHCH1 P4 #AEJ4
      997#C7 ,! ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS &
    ,PLANTS "U ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 ;II41 P4
    #F4
  ,S"EAL WRIT]S1 M ESPECI,Y ,PR(4 ,MAX
,MULL]1 99 H LATELY 9SI/$ T ! USE (
LANGUAGE IMPLIES ! P[] ( =M+ G5]AL
3CEPTS2 & T Z NO ANIMALS >E SUPPOS$
6POSSESS ? P[]1 AN IMPASSA# B>RI] IS =M$
2T !M & MAN4 99 7#B7 ,) RESPECT
6ANIMALS1 ,I H ALR 5D1V\R$ 6%EW T !Y H ?
P[]1 AT L1/ 9 A RUDE & 9CIPI5T DEGREE4
,Z F> Z 3C]NS 9FANTS ( F T5 6ELEV5 MON?S
OLD1 & D1F-MUTES1 X SEEMS 6ME 9CR$I#1 T
!Y %D 2 A# 63NECT C]TA9 S.DS ) C]TA9
G5]AL ID1S Z QKLY Z !Y D1 UN.S S* ID1S 7
ALR =M$ 9 _! M9DS4 ,! SAME REM>K MAY 2
EXT5D$ 6! M 9TELLIG5T ANIMALS2 Z ,MR4
,LESLIE ,/EPH5 OBS]VES1 99 7#C7 8,A DOG
FRAMES A G5]AL 3CEPT ( CATS OR %EEP1 &
"KS ! CORRESPOND+ ^WS Z WELL Z A
PHILOSOPH]4 ,&! CAPAC;Y 6"U/& IS Z GD A
PRO( ( VOCAL 9TELLIG;E1 ?\< 9 AN 9F]IOR
DEGREE1 Z ! CAPAC;Y 6SP1K40
      --,LECTURES ON ,MR4 ,D>W9'S
    ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,LANGUAGE1 #AHGC4
      997#B7 ,! JUDG;T (A 4T+UI%$
    PHILOLOGI/1 S* Z ,PR(4 ,:ITNEY1 W H
    F> M WEI<T ON ? PO9T ?AN ANY?+ T ,I
    C SAY4 ,HE REM>KS 7,ORI5TAL &
    ,L+UI/IC ,/UDIES1 #AHGC1 P4 #BIG71 9
    SP1K+ ( ,BLEEK'S VIEWS3 8,2C ON !
    GR& SCALE LANGUAGE IS ! NEC AUXILI>Y
    ( ?"\1 9DISP5SA# 6! DEVELOP;T (! P[]
    ( ?9K+1 6! 4T9CT;S & V>IETY &
    -PLEX;Y ( COGNI;NS1 6! FULL MA/]Y (
    3SCI\S;S2 "!=E HE WD FA9 MAKE ?"\
    ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSI# )\T SPEE*1
    ID5TIFY+ ! FACULTY ) XS 9/RU;T4 ,HE
    MI<T J Z R1SONABLY ASS]T T ! HUMAN
    H& _C ACT )\T A TOOL4 ,) S* A
    DOCTR9E 6/>T F1 HE _C /OP %ORT (
    ,MAX ,MULL]'S WOR/ P>ADOXES1 T AN
    9FANT 7IN FANS1 N SP1K+7 IS N A
    HUMAN 2+1 & T D1F-MUTES D N 2COME
    POSSESS$ ( R1SON UNTIL !Y LE>N 6TWI/
    _! F+]S 96IMIT,N ( SPOK5 ^WS40 ,MAX
    ,MULL] GIVES 9 ITALICS 7,LECTURES ON
    ,MR4 ,D>W9'S ,PHILOSOPHY (
    ,LANGUAGE1 #AHGC1 ?IRD LECTURE7 ?
    APHORISM3 8,"! IS NO ?"\ )\T ^WS1 Z
    LL Z "! >E ^WS )\T ?"\40 ,:AT A
    /RANGE DEF9I;N M/ "H 2 GIV5 6! ^W
    ?"\6
      997#C7 ,ESSAYS ON ,FREE ,?9K+1
    &C41 #AHGC1 P4 #HB4
  ,:Y ! ORGANS N[ US$ = SPEE* %D H BE5
ORIG9,Y P]FECT$ = ? PURPOSE1 R ?AN ANY
O!R ORGANS1 X IS N DI6ICULT 6SEE4 ,ANTS
H 3SID]A# P[]S ( 9T]-COMMUNIC,N 0M1NS (
_! ANT5NAE1 Z %EWN 0,HUB]1 :O DEVOTES A
:OLE *APT] 6_! LANGUAGE4 ,WE MI<T H US$
\R F+]S Z E6ICI5T 9/RU;TS1 =A P]SON )
PRACTICE C REPORT 6A D1F MAN E ^W (A
SPEE* RAPIDLY DELIV]$ AT A PUBLIC MEET+2
B ! LOSS ( \R H&S1 :IL/ ?US EMPLOY$1 WD
H BE5 A S]I\S 9CONV5I;E4 ,Z ALL ! HI<]
MAMMALS POSSESS VOCAL ORGANS1 3/RUCT$ ON
! SAME G5]AL PLAN Z \RS1 & US$ Z A M1NS
( -MUNIC,N1 X 0 OBVI\SLY PROBA# T ^!
SAME ORGANS WD 2 / FUR!R DEVELOP$ IF !
P[] ( -MUNIC,N _H 6BE IMPROV$2 & ? HAS
BE5 E6ECT$ 0! AID ( ADJO9+ & WELL ADAPT$
"PS1 "NLY ! T;GUE & LIPS4 99 ,! FACT (!
HI<] APES N US+ _! VOCAL ORGANS = SPEE*1
NO D\BT DEP5DS ON _! 9TELLIG;E N HAV+
BE5 SU6ICI5TLY ADV.ED4 ,! POSSES.N 0!M (
ORGANS1 : ) L;G-3T9U$ PRACTICE MI<T H
BE5 US$ = SPEE*1 AL? N ?US US$1 IS
P>ALLEL$ 0! CASE ( _M BIRDS : POSSESS
ORGANS FITT$ = S++1 ?\< !Y N"E S+4 ,?US1
! NI<T9GALE & CR[ H VOCAL ORGANS
SIMIL>LY 3/RUCT$1 ^! 2+ US$ 0! =M] =
DIV]SIFI$ S;G1 & 0! LATT] ONLY =
CROAK+4997#B7 ,IF X 2 ASK$ :Y APES H N
_H _! 9TELLECTS DEVELOP$ 6! SAME DEGREE
Z T ( MAN1 G5]AL CAUSES ONLY C 2 ASSIGN$
9 ANSW]1 & X IS UNR1SONA# 6EXPECT ANY ?+
M DEF9ITE1 3SID]+ \R IGNOR.E ) RESPECT
6! SU3ESSIVE /AGES ( DEVELOP;T "? : EA*
CR1TURE HAS PASS$4
      --,SEE "S GD REM>KS 6? E6ECT 0,DR4
    ,MAUDSLEY1 ,! ,PHYSIOLOGY &
    ,PA?OLOGY ( ,M9D1 #AHFH1 P4 #AII4
      997#B7 ,MACGILLIVRAY1 ,HI/4 (
    ,BRITI% ,BIRDS1 VOL4 ;II41 #AHCI1 P4
    #BI4 ,AN EXCELL5T OBS]V]1 ,MR4
    ,BLACKWALL REM>KS T ! MAGPIE LE>NS
    6PRON\NCE S+LE ^WS1 & EV5 %ORT
    S5T;ES1 M R1DILY ?AN ALM ANY O!R
    ,BRITI% BIRD2 YET1 Z HE A4S1 AF L;G
    & CLOSELY 9VE/IGAT+ XS HABITS1 HE
    HAS N"E "KN X1 9 A /ATE ( NATURE1
    4PLAY ANY UNUSUAL CAPAC;Y = IMIT,N4
    ,RESE>*ES 9 ,ZOOLOGY1 #AHCD1 P4
    #AEH4
  ,! =M,N ( DI6]5T LANGUAGES &( 4T9CT
SPECIES1 &! PRO(S T BO? H BE5 DEVELOP$
"? A GRADUAL PROCESS1 >E CURI\SLY
P>ALLEL4 99 ,B WE C TRACE ! =M,N ( _M
^WS FUR!R BACK ?AN T ( SPECIES1 = WE C
P]CV H[ !Y ACTU,Y >OSE F ! IMIT,N (
V>I\S S.DS4 ,WE F9D 9 4T9CT LANGUAGES
/RIK+ HOMOLOGIES DUE 6-MUN;Y ( DESC5T1 &
ANALOGIES DUE 6A SIMIL> PROCESS ( =M,N4
,! MANN] 9 : C]TA9 LRS OR S.DS *ANGE :5
O!RS *ANGE IS V L CORRELAT$ GR[?4 ,WE H
9 BO? CASES ! RE-DUPLIC,N ( "PS1 !
E6ECTS ( L;G-3T9U$ USE1 & S =?4 ,!
FREQU5T PRES;E ( RUDI;TS1 BO? 9
LANGUAGES & 9 SPECIES1 IS / M REM>KA#4
,! LR ;M 9 ! ^W AM1 M1NS ,I2 S T 9 !
EXPRES.N ,I AM1 A SUP]FLU\S & USE.S
RUDI;T HAS BE5 RETA9$4 ,9 ! SPELL+ AL (
^WS1 LRS (T5 REMA9 Z ! RUDI;TS ( ANCI5T
=MS ( PRONUNCI,N4 ,LANGUAGES1 L ORGANIC
2+S1 C 2 CLASS$ 9 GR\PS "U GR\PS2 & !Y C
2 CLASS$ EI NATUR,Y AC 6DESC5T1 OR
>TIFICI,Y 0O!R "*S4 ,DOM9ANT LANGUAGES &
DIALECTS SPR1D WIDELY1 & L1D 6! GRADUAL
EXT9C;N ( O!R T;GUES4 ,A LANGUAGE1 L A
SPECIES1 :5 ONCE EXT9CT1 N"E1 Z ,SIR ,C4
,LYELL REM>KS1 REAPPE>S4 ,! SAME
LANGUAGE N"E HAS TWO BIR?-PLACES4 ,4T9CT
LANGUAGES MAY 2 CROSS$ OR BL5D$ TGR4 99
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N GIVE ANY R1SON =! PL1SURE ?US DERIV$ F
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? RESPECT 9 AN 9T]M$IATE 3DI;N1 = :5 !
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