        ,,*APT] ,I3 ,,V>I,N ,,"U
              ,,DOME/IC,N

    ,CAUSES ( ,V>IABIL;Y
  ,:5 WE -P>E ! 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME
V>IETY OR SUB-V>IETY ( \R OLD] CULTIVAT$
PLANTS & ANIMALS1 "O (! F/ PO9TS :
/RIKES U IS1 T !Y G5],Y DI6] M F EA* O!R
?AN D ! 9DIVIDUALS ( ANY "O SPECIES OR
V>IETY 9 A /ATE ( NATURE4 ,& IF WE
REFLECT ON ! VA/ DIV]S;Y (! PLANTS &
ANIMALS : H BE5 CULTIVAT$1 & : H V>I$
DUR+ ALL AGES "U ! MO/ DI6]5T CLIMATES &
TR1T;T1 WE >E DRIV5 63CLUDE T ? GRT
V>IABIL;Y IS DUE 6\R DOME/IC PRODUC;NS
HAV+ BE5 RAIS$ "U 3DI;NS ( LIFE N S
UNI=M Z1 & "S:AT DI6]5T F1 ^? 6: ! P>5T
SPECIES _H BE5 EXPOS$ "U NATURE4 ,"! IS1
AL1 "S PROBABIL;Y 9 ! VIEW PROP.D$
0,&REW ,KNI<T1 T ? V>IABIL;Y MAY 2 "PLY
3NECT$ ) EXCESS ( FOOD4 ,X SEEMS CLE> T
ORGANIC 2+S M/ 2 EXPOS$ DUR+ S"EAL
G5],NS 6NEW 3DI;NS 6CAUSE ANY GRT AM.T (
V>I,N2 & T1 :5 ! ORGANIS,N HAS ONCE 2GUN
6V>Y1 X G5],Y 3T9UES V>Y+ = _M G5],NS4
,NO CASE IS ON RECORD (A V>IA# ORGANISM
C1S+ 6V>Y "U CULTIV,N4 ,\R OLDE/
CULTIVAT$ PLANTS1 S* Z :1T1 / YIELD NEW
V>IETIES3 \R OLDE/1 DOME/ICAT$ ANIMALS
>E / CAPA# ( RAPID IMPROVE;T OR
MODIFIC,N4
  ,Z F> Z ,I AM A# 6JUDGE1 AF L;G ATT5D+
6! SUBJECT1 ! 3DI;NS ( LIFE APPE> 6ACT 9
TWO WAYS1- DIRECTLY ON ! :OLE ORGANIS,N
OR ON C]TA9 "PS AL"O1 & 9DIRECTLY
0A6ECT+ ! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM4 ,) RESPECT
6! DIRECT AC;N1 WE M/ BE> 9 M9D T 9 E
CASE1 Z ,PROFESSOR ,WEISMANN HAS LATELY
9SI/$1 & Z ,I H 9CID5T,Y %[N 9 MY "W ON
,V>I,N "U ,DOME/IC,N1 "! >E TWO FACTORS3
"NLY1 ! NATURE (! ORGANISM1 &! NATURE (!
3DI;NS4 ,! =M] SEEMS 6BE M* ! M
IMPORTANT2 = NE>LY SIMIL> V>I,NS "S"TS
>ISE "U1 Z F> Z WE C JUDGE1 4SIMIL>
3DI;NS2 &1 ON ! O!R H&1 4SIMIL> V>I,NS
>ISE "U 3DI;NS : APPE> 6BE NE>LY UNI=M4
,! E6ECTS ON ! (FSPR+ >E EI DEF9ITE OR
9DEF9ITE4 ,!Y MAY 2 3SID]$ Z DEF9ITE :5
ALL OR NE>LY ALL ! (FSPR+ ( 9DIVIDUALS
EXPOS$ 6C]TA9 3DI;NS DUR+ S"EAL G5],NS
>E MODIFI$ 9 ! SAME MANN]4 ,X IS
EXTREMELY DI6ICULT 6-E 6ANY 3CLU.N 9
REG>D 6! EXT5T (! *ANGES : H BE5 ?US
DEF9ITELY 9DUC$4 ,"! C1 H["E1 2 LL D\BT
AB _M SLI<T *ANGES1- S* Z SIZE F ! AM.T
( FOOD1 COL\R F ! NATURE (! FOOD1 ?ICK;S
(! SK9 & HAIR F CLIMATE1 &C4 ,EA* (!
5D.S V>I,NS : WE SEE 9 ! PLUMAGE ( \R
F[LS M/ H _H "S E6ICI5T CAUSE2 & IF !
SAME CAUSE 7 6ACT UNI=MLY DUR+ A L;G
S]IES ( G5],NS ON4 _M 9DIVIDUALS1 ALL
PROBABLY WD 2 MODIFI$ 9 ! SAME MANN]4
,S* FACTS Z ! -PLEX & EXTRAORD9>Y \-
GR[?S : V>IABLY FOLL[ F ! 9S];N (A M9UTE
DROP ( POISON 0A GALL-PRODUC+ 9SECT1 %[
U :AT S+UL> MODIFIC,NS MI<T RESULT 9 !
CASE ( PLANTS F A *EMICAL *ANGE 9 !
NATURE (! SAP4
  ,9DEF9ITE V>IABIL;Y IS A M* M -MON
RESULT ( *ANG$ 3DI;NS ?AN DEF9ITE
V>IABIL;Y1 & HAS PROBABLY PLAY$ A M
IMPORTANT "P 9 ! =M,N ( \R DOME/IC
RACES4 ,WE SEE 9DEF9ITE V>IABIL;Y 9 !
5D.S SLI<T PECULI>ITIES : 4T+UI% !
9DIVIDUALS (! SAME SPECIES1 & : _C 2
A3.T$ = 09H]IT.E F EI P>5T OR F "S M
REMOTE ANCE/OR4 ,EV5 /R;GLY M>K$ DI6];ES
O3A.N,Y APPE> 9 ! "Y (! SAME LITT]1 & 9
SE$L+S F ! SAME SE$-CAPSULE4 ,AT L;G
9T]VALS ( "T1 \ ( MILLIONS ( 9DIVIDUALS
RE>$ 9 ! SAME C.TRY & F$ ON NE>LY ! SAME
FOOD1 DEVI,NS ( /RUCTURE S /R;GLY
PRON\NC$ Z 6DES]VE 6BE CALL$
MON/ROSITIES >ISE2 B MON/ROSITIES _C 2
SEP>AT$ 0ANY 4T9CT L9E F SLI<T] V>I,NS4
,ALL S* *ANGES ( /RUCTURE1 :E!R
EXTREMELY SLI<T OR /R;GLY M>K$1 : APPE>
AM;G/ _M 9DIVIDUALS LIV+ TGR1 MAY 2
3SID]$ Z ! 9DEF9ITE E6ECTS (! 3DI;NS (
LIFE ON EA* 9DIVIDUAL ORGANISM1 9 NE>LY
! SAME MANN] Z ! *ILL A6ECTS DI6]5T M5 9
AN 9DEF9ITE MANN]1 AC 6_! /ATE ( BODY OR
3/ITU;N1 CAUS+ C\<S OR COLDS1
RHEUMATISM1 OR 9FLAMM,N ( V>I\S ORGANS4
  ,) RESPECT 6:AT ,I H CALL$ ! 9DIRECT
AC;N ( *ANG$ 3DI;NS1 "NLY1 "? !
REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM ( 2+ A6ECT$1 WE MAY
9F] T V>IABIL;Y IS ?US 9DUC$1 "PLY F !
FACT ( ? SY/EM 2+ EXTREMELY S5SITIVE
6ANY *ANGE 9 ! 3DI;NS1 & "PLY F !
SIMIL>;Y1 Z ,KREUT] & O!RS H REM>K$1 2T
! V>IABIL;Y : FOLL[S F ! CROSS+ ( 4T9CT
SPECIES1 & T : MAY 2 OBS]V$ ) PLANTS &
ANIMALS :5 RE>$ "U NEW OR UNNATURAL
3DI;NS4 ,_M FACTS CLE>LY %[ H[ EM95TLY
SUSCEPTI# ! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM IS 6V
SLI<T *ANGES 9 ! SURR.D+ 3DI;NS4 ,NO?+
IS M EASY ?AN 6TAME AN ANIMAL1 & FEW ?+S
M DI6ICULT ?AN 6GET X 6BRE$ FREELY "U
3F9E;T1 EV5 :5 ! MALE & FEMALE UNITE4
,H[ _M ANIMALS "! >E : W N BRE$1 ?\<
KEPT 9 AN ALM FREE /ATE 9 _! NATIVE
C.TRY6 ,? IS G5],Y1 B ]RONE\SLY1
ATTRIBUT$ 6VITIAT$ 9/9CTS4 ,_M CULTIVAT$
PLANTS 4PLAY ! UTMO/ VIG\R1 & YET R>ELY
OR N"E SE$6 ,9 "S FEW CASES X HAS BE5
4COV]$ T A V TRIFL+ *ANGE1 S* Z A LL M
OR LESS WAT] AT "S "PICUL> P]IOD ( GR[?1
W DET]M9E :E!R OR N A PLANT W PRODUCE
SE$S4 ,I _C "H GIVE ! DETAILS : ,I H
COLLECT$ & ELSE": PUBLI%$ ON ? CURI\S
SUBJECT2 B 6%[ H[ S+UL> ! LAWS >E :
DET]M9E ! REPRODUC;N ( ANIMALS "U
3F9E;T1 ,I MAY M5;N T C>NIVOR\S ANIMALS1
EV5 F ! TROPICS1 BRE$ 9 ? C.TRY PRETTY
FREELY "U 3F9E;T1 )! EXCEP;N (!
PLANTIGRADES OR BE> FAMILY1 : SELDOM
PRODUCE "Y2 ":AS C>NIVOR\S BIRDS1 )!
R>E/ EXCEP;NS1 H>DLY "E LAY F]TILE E7S4
,_M EXOTIC PLANTS H POLL5 UTT]LY WOR?.S1
9 ! SAME 3DI;N Z 9 ! MO/ /]ILE HYBRIDS4
,:51 ON ! "O H&1 WE SEE DOME/ICAT$
ANIMALS & PLANTS1 ?\< (T5 W1K & SICKLY1
BRE$+ FREELY "U 3F9E;T2 & :51 ON ! O!R
H&1 WE SEE 9DIVIDUALS1 ?\< TAK5 "Y F A
/ATE ( NATURE P]FECTLY TAM$1 L;G-LIV$ &
H1L?Y 7( : ,I CD GIVE NUM]\S 9/.ES71 YET
HAV+ _! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM S S]I\SLY
A6ECT$ 0UNP]CVD CAUSES Z 6FAIL 6ACT1 WE
NE$ N 2 SURPRIS$ AT ? SY/EM1 :5 X DOES
ACT "U 3F9E;T1 ACT+ IRREGUL>LY1 &
PRODUC+ (FSPR+ "S:AT UNLIKE _! P>5TS4 ,I
MAY ADD1 T Z "S ORGANISMS BRE$ FREELY "U
! MO/ UNNATURAL 3DI;NS 7= 9/.E1 RA2ITS &
F]RETS KEPT 9 HUT*ES71 %[+ T _!
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS >E N EASILY A6ECT$2
S W "S ANIMALS & PLANTS )/& DOME/IC,N OR
CULTIV,N1 & V>Y V SLI<TLY- P]H H>DLY M
?AN 9 A /ATE ( NATURE4
  ,"S NATURALI/S H MA9TA9$ T ALL V>I,NS
>E 3NECT$ )! ACT ( SEXUAL REPRODUC;N2 B
? IS C]TA9LY AN ]ROR2 = ,I H GIV5 9
ANO!R "W A L;G LI/ ( 8SPORT+ PLANTS10 Z
!Y >E CALL$ 0G>D5]S2- T IS1 ( PLANTS : H
SU45LY PRODUC$ A S+LE BUD )A NEW & "S"TS
WIDELY DI6]5T "* F T (! O!R BUDS ON !
SAME PLANT4 ,^! BUD V>I,NS1 Z !Y MAY 2
"ND1 C 2 PROPAGAT$ 0GRAFTS1 (FSETS1 &C41
& "S"TS 0SE$4 ,!Y O3UR R>ELY "U NATURE1
B >E F> F R>E "U CULTURE4 ,Z A S+LE BUD
\ (! _M ?\S&S1 PRODUC$ YE> AF YE> ON !
SAME TREE "U UNI=M 3DI;NS1 HAS BE5 "KN
SU45LY 6ASSUME A NEW "*2 & Z BUDS ON
4T9CT TREES1 GR[+ "U DI6]5T 3DI;NS1 H
"S"TS YIELD$ NE>LY ! SAME V>IETY- =
9/.E1 BUDS ON P1*-TREES PRODUC+
NECT>9ES1 & BUDS ON -MON ROSES PRODUC+
MOSS-ROSES- WE CLE>LY SEE T ! NATURE (!
3DI;NS IS ( SUBORD9ATE IMPORT.E 9
-P>ISON )! NATURE (! ORGANISM 9 DET]M9+
EA* "PICUL> =M ( V>I,N2- P]H ( N M
IMPORT.E ?AN ! NATURE (! SP>K1 0: A MASS
( -BU/I# MATT] IS IGNIT$1 HAS 9 DET]M9+
! NATURE (! FLAMES4
  ,E6ECTS ( ,HABIT &(! ,USE OR ,4USE (
,"PS2 ,CORRELAT$ ,V>I,N2 ,9H]IT.E
  ,*ANG$ HABITS PRODUCE AN 9H]IT$ E6ECT1
Z 9 ! P]IOD (! FL[]+ ( PLANTS :5
TRANSPORT$ F "O CLIMATE 6ANO!R4 ,)
ANIMALS ! 9CR1S$ USE OR 4USE ( "PS HAS
_H A M M>K$ 9FLU;E2 ?US ,I F9D 9 !
DOME/IC DUCK T ! B"OS (! W+ WEI< LESS &!
B"OS (! LEG M1 9 PROPOR;N 6! :OLE
SKELETON1 ?AN D ! SAME B"OS 9 ! WILD-
DUCK2 & ? *ANGE MAY 2 SAFELY ATTRIBUT$
6! DOME/IC DUCK FLY+ M* LESS1 & WALK+ M1
?AN XS WILD P>5TS4 ,! GRT & 9H]IT$
DEVELOP;T (! U4]S 9 C[S & GOATS 9
C.TRIES ": !Y >E HABITU,Y MILK$1 9
-P>ISON ) ^! ORGANS 9 O!R C.TRIES1 IS
PROBABLY ANO!R 9/.E (! E6ECTS ( USE4 ,N
"O ( \R DOME/IC ANIMALS C 2 "ND : HAS N
9 "S C.TRY DROOP+ E>S2 &! VIEW : HAS BE5
SU7E/$ T ! DROOP+ IS DUE 64USE (!
MUSCLES (! E>1 F ! ANIMALS 2+ SELDOM M*
AL>M$1 SEEMS PROBA#4
  ,_M LAWS REGULATE V>I,N1 "S FEW ( : C
2 DIMLY SE51 & W "HAF 2 BRIEFLY 4CUSS$4
,I W "H ONLY ALLUDE 6:AT MAY 2 CALL$
CORRELAT$ V>I,N4 ,IMPORTANT *ANGES 9 !
EMBRYO OR L>VA W PROBABLY 5TAIL *ANGES 9
! MATURE ANIMAL4 ,9 MON/ROSITIES1 !
CORREL,NS 2T Q 4T9CT "PS >E V CURI\S2 &
_M 9/.ES >E GIV5 9 ,ISIDORE ,GE(FROY ,/-
,HILAIRE'S GRT "W ON ? SUBJECT4 ,BRE$]S
2LIEVE T L;G LIMBS >E ALM ALW A3OMPANI$
0AN EL;GAT$ H1D4 ,"S 9/.ES ( CORREL,N >E
Q :IMSICAL3 ?US CATS : >E 5TIRELY :ITE &
H BLUE EYES >E G5],Y D1F2 B X HAS BE5
LATELY /AT$ 0,MR4 ,TAIT T ? IS 3F9$ 6!
MALES4 ,COL\R & 3/ITU;NAL PECULI>ITIES G
TGR1 ( : _M REM>KA# CASES CD 2 GIV5
AM;G/ ANIMALS & PLANTS4 ,F FACTS
COLLECT$ 0,HEUS+]1 X APPE>S T :ITE %EEP
& PIGS >E 9JUR$ 0C]TA9 PLANTS1 :IL/ D>K-
COL\R$ 9DIVIDUALS ESCAPE3 ,PROFESSOR
,WYMAN HAS REC5TLY -MUNICAT$ 6ME A GD
ILLU/R,N ( ? FACT2 ON ASK+ "S F>M]S 9
,VIRG9IA H[ X 0 T ALL _! PIGS 7 BLACK1
!Y 9=M$ HM T ! PIGS ATE ! PA9T-ROOT
7,LA*NAN!S71 : COL\R$ _! B"OS P9K1 & :
CAUS$ ! HO(S ( ALL B ! BLACK V>IETIES
6DROP (F2 & "O (! 8CRACK]S0 7I4E4
,VIRG9IA SQUATT]S7 A4$1 8WE SELECT !
BLACK MEMB]S (A LITT] = RAIS+1 Z !Y AL"O
H A GD *.E ( LIV+40 ,HAIR.S DOGS H
IMP]FECT TEE?2 L;G-HAIR$ & CO>SE-HAIR$
ANIMALS >E APT 6H1 Z IS ASS]T$1 L;G OR
_M HORNS2 PIGEONS ) F1!R$ FEET H SK9 2T
_! \T] TOES2 PIGEONS ) %ORT B1KS H SMALL
FEET1 & ^? ) L;G B1KS L>GE FEET4 ,H;E IF
MAN GOES ON SELECT+1 & ?US AUG;T+1 ANY
PECULI>;Y1 HE W ALM C]TA9LY MODIFY
UN9T5;N,Y O!R "PS (! /RUCTURE1 [+ 6!
MY/]I\S LAWS ( CORREL,N4
  ,! RESULTS (! V>I\S1 UN"KN1 OR B DIMLY
"U/OOD LAWS ( V>I,N >E 9F9ITELY -PLEX &
DIV]SIFI$4 ,X IS WELL WOR? :ILE C>E;LLY
6/UDY ! S"EAL TR1TISES ON "S ( \R OLD
CULTIVAT$ PLANTS1 Z ON ! HYAC9?1 POTATO1
EV5 ! DAHLIA1 &C42 & X IS RE,Y SURPRIS+
6NOTE ! 5D.S PO9TS ( /RUCTURE & 3/ITU;N
9 : ! V>IETIES & SUB-V>IETIES DI6]
SLI<TLY F EA* O!R4 ,! :OLE ORGANIS,N
SEEMS 6H 2COME PLA/IC1 & DE"PS 9 A SLI<T
DEGREE F T (! P>5TAL TYPE4
  ,ANY V>I,N : IS N 9H]IT$ IS
UNIMPORTANT = U4 ,B ! NUMB] & DIV]S;Y (
9H]ITA# DEVI,NS ( /RUCTURE1 BO? ^? (
SLI<T & ^? ( 3SID]A# PHYSIOLOGICAL
IMPORT.E1 >E 5D.S4 ,DR4 ,PROSP] ,LUCAS'S
TR1TISE1 9 TWO L>GE VOLUMES1 IS ! FULLE/
&! BE/ ON ? SUBJECT4 ,NO BRE$] D\BTS H[
/R;G IS ! T5D5CY 69H]IT.E2 T L PRODUCES
L IS 8 FUNDA;TAL 2LIEF3 D\BTS H BE5 ?R[N
ON ? PR9CIPLE ONLY 0!ORETICAL WRIT]S4
,:5 ANY DEVI,N ( /RUCTURE (T5 APPE>S1 &
WE SEE X 9 ! "F & *1 WE _C TELL :E!R X
MAY N 2 DUE 6! SAME CAUSE HAV+ ACT$ ON
BO?2 B :5 AM;G/ 9DIVIDUALS1 APP>5TLY
EXPOS$ 6! SAME 3DI;NS1 ANY V R>E DEVI,N1
DUE 6"S EXTRAORD9>Y -B9,N ( CIRCUM/.ES1
APPE>S 9 ! P>5T- SAY1 ONCE AM;G/ S"EAL
MILLION 9DIVIDUALS- & X REAPPE>S 9 ! *1
! M]E DOCTR9E ( *.ES ALM -PELS U
6ATTRIBUTE XS REAPPE>.E 69H]IT.E4 ,E "O
M/ H HE>D ( CASES ( ALB9ISM1 PRICKLY
SK91 HAIRY BODIES1 &C41 APPE>+ 9 S"EAL
MEMB]S (! SAME FAMILY4 ,IF /RANGE & R>E
DEVI,NS ( /RUCTURE >E RE,Y 9H]IT$1 LESS
/RANGE & -MON] DEVI,NS MAY 2 FREELY
ADMITT$ 6BE 9H]ITA#4 ,P]H ! CORRECT WAY
( VIEW+ ! :OLE SUBJECT WD BE1 6LOOK AT !
9H]IT.E ( E "* :AT"E Z ! RULE1 & NON-
9H]IT.E Z ! ANOMALY8
  ,! LAWS GOV]N+ 9H]IT.E >E =! MO/ "P
UN"KN4 ,NO "O C SAY :Y ! SAME PECULI>;Y
9 DI6]5T 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME SPECIES1 OR
9 DI6]5T SPECIES1 IS "S"TS 9H]IT$ &
"S"TS N S2 :Y ! * (T5 REV]TS 9 C]TA9 "*S
6XS GR&"F OR GR&"M OR M REMOTE ANCE/OR2
:Y A PECULI>;Y IS (T5 TRANSMITT$ F "O
SEX 6BO? SEXES1 OR 6"O SEX AL"O1 M
-MONLY B N EXCLUSIVELY 6! L SEX4 ,X IS A
FACT ( "S IMPORT.E 6U1 T PECULI>ITIES
APPE>+ 9 ! MALES ( \R DOME/IC BRE$S >E
(T5 TRANSMITT$1 EI EXCLUSIVELY OR 9 A M*
GRT] DEGREE1 6! MALES AL"O4 ,A M* M
IMPORTANT RULE1 : ,I ?9K MAY 2 TRU/$1 IS
T1 AT :AT"E P]IOD ( LIFE A PECULI>;Y F/
APPE>S1 X T5DS 6REAPPE> 9 ! (FSPR+ AT A
CORRESPOND+ AGE1 ?\< "S"TS E>LI]4 ,9 _M
CASES ? CD N 2 O!RWISE2 ?US ! 9H]IT$
PECULI>ITIES 9 ! HORNS ( CATTLE CD APPE>
ONLY 9 ! (FSPR+ :5 NE>LY MATURE2
PECULI>ITIES 9 ! SILKWORM >E "KN 6APPE>
AT ! CORRESPOND+ CAT]PILL> OR COCOON
/AGE4 ,B H]$IT>Y 41SES & "S O!R FACTS
MAKE ME 2LIEVE T ! RULE HAS A WID]
EXT5.N1 & T1 :5 "! IS NO APP>5T R1SON :Y
A PECULI>;Y %D APPE> AT ANY "PICUL> AGE1
YET T X DOES T5D 6APPE> 9 ! (FSPR+ AT !
SAME P]IOD AT : X F/ APPE>$ 9 ! P>5T4 ,I
2LIEVE ? RULE 6BE (! HI<E/ IMPORT.E 9
EXPLA9+ ! LAWS ( EMBRYOLOGY4 ,^! REM>KS
>E ( C\RSE 3F9$ 6! F/ APPE>.E (!
PECULI>;Y1 & N 6! PRIM>Y CAUSE : MAY H
ACT$ ON ! OVULES OR ON ! MALE ELE;T2 9
NE>LY ! SAME MANN] Z ! 9CR1S$ L5G? (!
HORNS 9 ! (FSPR+ F A %ORT-HORN$ C[ 0A
L;G-HORN$ BULL1 ?\< APPE>+ LATE 9 LIFE1
IS CLE>LY DUE 6! MALE ELE;T4
  ,HAV+ ALLUD$ 6! SUBJECT ( REV].N1 ,I
MAY "H REF] 6A /ATE;T (T5 MADE
0NATURALI/S- "NLY1 T \R DOME/IC
V>IETIES1 :5 RUN WILD1 GRADU,Y B
9V>IABLY REV]T 9 "* 6_! ABORIG9AL /OCKS4
,H;E X HAS BE5 >GU$ T NO DEDUC;NS C 2
DRAWN F DOME/IC RACES 6SPECIES 9 A /ATE
( NATURE4 ,I H 9 VA9 5D1V\R$ 64COV] ON
:AT DECISIVE FACTS ! ABV /ATE;T HAS S
(T5 & S BOLDLY BE5 MADE4 ,"! WD 2 GRT
DI6ICULTY 9 PROV+ XS TRU?3 WE MAY SAFELY
3CLUDE T V _M (! MO/ /R;GLY M>K$ DOME/IC
V>IETIES CD N POSSIBLY LIVE 9 A WILD
/ATE4 ,9 _M CASES1 WE D N "K :AT !
ABORIG9AL /OCK WAS1 & S CD N TELL :E!R
OR N NE>LY P]FECT REV].N _H 5SU$4 ,X WD
2 NEC1 9 ORD] 6PREV5T ! E6ECTS (
9T]CROSS+1 T ONLY A S+LE V>IETY %D H BE5
TURN$ LOOSE 9 XS NEW HOME4 ,N"E!.S1 Z \R
V>IETIES C]TA9LY D O3A.N,Y REV]T 9 "S (
_! "*S 6ANCE/RAL =MS1 X SEEMS 6ME N
IMPROBA# T IF WE CD SU3E$ 9 NATURALIS+1
OR 7 6CULTIVATE1 DUR+ _M G5],NS1 ! S"EAL
RACES1 = 9/.E1 (! CA2AGE1 9 V POOR SOIL
7IN : CASE1 H["E1 "S E6ECT WD H 6BE
ATTRIBUT$ 6! DEF9ITE AC;N (! POOR SOIL71
T !Y WD1 6A L>GE EXT5T1 OR EV5 :OLLY1
REV]T 6! WILD ABORIG9AL /OCK4 ,:E!R OR N
! EXP]I;T WD SU3E$1 IS N ( GRT IMPORT.E
= \R L9E ( >GU;T2 = 0! EXP]I;T XF !
3DI;NS ( LIFE >E *ANG$4 ,IF X CD 2 %[N T
\R DOME/IC V>IETIES MANIFE/$ A /R;G
T5D5CY 6REV].N1- T IS1 6LOSE _! ACQUIR$
"*S1 :IL/ KEPT "U ! SAME 3DI;NS1 & :IL/
KEPT 9 A 3SID]A# BODY1 S T FREE
9T]CROSS+ MI<T *ECK1 0BL5D+ TGR1 ANY
SLI<T DEVI,NS 9 _! /RUCTURE1 9 S* CASE1
,I GRANT T WE CD DEDUCE NO?+ F DOME/IC
V>IETIES 9 REG>D 6SPECIES4 ,B "! IS N A
%AD[ ( EVID;E 9 FAV\R ( ? VIEW3 6ASS]T T
WE CD N BRE$ \R C>T- & RACE-HORSES1 L;G
& %ORT-HORN$ CATTLE1 & P\LTRY ( V>I\S
BRE$S1 & ESCUL5T VEGETA#S1 = AN UNLIMIT$
NUMB] ( G5],NS1 WD 2 OPPOS$ 6ALL
EXP]I;E4
  ,"* ( ,DOME/IC ,V>IETIES2 ,DI6ICULTY (
4T+UI%+ 2T ,V>IETIES & ,SPECIES2 ,ORIG9
( ,DOME/IC ,V>IETIES F "O OR M ,SPECIES
  ,:5 WE LOOK 6! H]$IT>Y V>IETIES OR
RACES ( \R DOME/IC ANIMALS & PLANTS1 &
-P>E !M ) CLOSELY ALLI$ SPECIES1 WE
G5],Y P]CV 9 EA* DOME/IC RACE1 Z ALR
REM>K$1 LESS UNI=M;Y ( "* ?AN 9 TRUE
SPECIES4 ,DOME/IC RACES (T5 H A "S:AT
MON/R\S "*2 0: ,I M1N1 T1 AL? DI6]+ F
EA* O!R1 & F O!R SPECIES (! SAME G5US1 9
S"EAL TRIFL+ RESPECTS1 !Y (T5 DI6] 9 AN
EXTREME DEGREE 9 "S "O "P1 BO? :5 -P>$
"O ) ANO!R1 & M ESPECI,Y :5 -P>$ )!
SPECIES "U NATURE 6: !Y >E NE>E/ ALLI$4
,) ^! EXCEP;NS 7&) T (! P]FECT F]TIL;Y (
V>IETIES :5 CROSS$1- A SUBJECT "HAF 6BE
4CUSS$71 DOME/IC RACES (! SAME SPECIES
DI6] F EA* O!R 9 ! SAME MANN] Z D !
CLOSELY-ALLI$ SPECIES (! SAME G5US 9 A
/ATE ( NATURE1 B ! DI6];ES 9 MO/ CASES
>E LESS 9 DEGREE4 ,? M/ 2 ADMITT$ Z
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DESC5DANTS ( ABORIG9,Y 4T9CT SPECIES1 &
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P]PETU,Y RECUR4 ,X HAS (T5 BE5 /AT$ T
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/OCK4
  ,X HAS (T5 BE5 ASSUM$ T MAN HAS *OS5 =
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PRODUC;NS1 & 2L;G+ 6EQU,Y DIV]SE CLASSES
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CD 2 MADE 6BRE$ = AN EQUAL NUMB] (
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! MULTIPLE ORIG9 ( \R DOME/IC ANIMALS
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IMPLIES A L;G 3T9U$ PREVI\S P]IOD ( LESS
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ANIMALS1 KEPT 0DI6]5T TRIBES 9 DI6]5T
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SPECIFIC 4T9C;N 2T ! HUMP$ & -MON
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0! ADMIRA# RESE>*ES ( ,PROFESSOR
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,I _C "H GIVE1 ,I AM D\BT;LLY 9CL9$
62LIEVE1 9 OPPOSI;N 6S"EAL AU?ORS1 T ALL
! RACES 2L;G 6! SAME SPECIES4 ,HAV+ KEPT
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SKELETONS1 X APPE>S 6ME ALM C]TA9 T ALL
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2LIEVE T E RACE : BRE$S TRUE1 LET !
4T9CTIVE "*S 2 "E S SLI<T1 HAS _H XS
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AT L1/ A SCORE ( SPECIES ( WILD CATTLE1
Z _M %EEP1 & S"EAL GOATS1 9 ,EUROPE
AL"O1 & S"EAL EV5 )9 ,GRT ,BRITA94 ,"O
AU?OR 2LIEVES T "! =M]LY EXI/$ ELEV5
WILD SPECIES ( %EEP PECULI> 6,GRT
,BRITA96 ,:5 WE BE> 9 M9D T ,BRITA9 HAS
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4T9CT F ^? ( ,G]_M1 & S ) ,HUNG>Y1
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POSSESSES S"EAL PECULI> BRE$S ( CATTLE1
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S UNLIKE ALL WILD ,CANIDAE- "E EXI/$ 9 A
/ATE ( NATURE8 ,X HAS (T5 BE5 LOOSELY SD
T ALL \R RACES ( DOGS H BE5 PRODUC$ 0!
CROSS+ (A FEW ABORIG9AL SPECIES2 B
0CROSS+ WE C ONLY GET =MS 9 "S DEGREE
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ADMIT ! =M] EXI/;E (! MO/ EXTREME =MS1 Z
! ,ITALIAN GREYH.D1 BLOODH.D1 BULLDOG1
&C41 9 ! WILD /ATE4 ,MOREOV]1 !
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4T9CT RACES1 WD 2 V DI6ICULT4 ,SIR ,J4
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TASK 2COMES MANIFE/4
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CD PUR*ASE OR OBTA91 & H BE5 MO/ K9DLY
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ESPECI,Y 0! ,HON4 ,W4 ,ELLIOT F ,9DIA1 &
0! ,HON4 ,C4 ,MURRAY F ,P]SIA4 ,_M
TR1TISES 9 DI6]5T LANGUAGES H BE5
PUBLI%$ ON PIGEONS1 & "S ( !M >E V
IMPORTANT1 Z 2+ ( 3SID]A# ANTIQU;Y4 ,I H
ASSOCIAT$ ) S"EAL EM95T FANCI]S1 & H BE5
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B1KS1 5TAIL+ CORRESPOND+ DI6];ES 9 _!
SKULLS4 ,! C>RI]1 M ESPECI,Y ! MALE
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DEVELOP;T (! C>UNCULAT$ SK9 AB ! H1D2 &
? IS A3OMPANI$ 0GRTLY EL;GAT$ EYELIDS1 V
L>GE EXT]NAL ORIFICES 6! NO/RILS1 &A
WIDE GAPE ( M\?4 ,! %ORT-FAC$ TUM#R HAS
A B1K 9 \TL9E ALM L T (A F9*2 &! -MON
TUM#R HAS ! S+UL> 9H]IT$ HABIT ( FLY+ AT
A GRT HEI<T 9 A -PACT FLOCK1 & TUMBL+ 9
! AIR H1D OV] HEELS4 ,! RUNT IS A BIRD (
GRT SIZE1 ) L;G MASSIVE B1K & L>GE FEET2
"S (! SUB-BRE$S ( RUNTS H V L;G NECKS1
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9/1D (A L;G B1K HAS A V %ORT & BROAD "O4
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LEGS2 & XS ENORM\SLY DEVELOP$ CROP1 : X
GLORIES 9 9FLAT+1 MAY WELL EXCITE
A/ONI%;T & EV5 LAU<T]4 ,! TURBIT HAS A
%ORT & 3ICAL B1K1 )A L9E ( REV]S$ F1!RS
D[N ! BR1/2 & X HAS ! HABIT ( 3T9U,Y
EXP&+ SLI<TLY1 ! UPP] "P (! OESOPHAGUS4
,! ,JACOB9 HAS ! F1!RS S M* REV]S$ AL;G
! BACK (! NECK T !Y =M A HOOD2 & X HAS1
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F1!RS4 ,! TRUMPET] & LAU<]1 Z _! "NS
EXPRESS1 UTT] A V DI6]5T COO F ! O!R
BRE$S4 ,! FANTAIL HAS ?IRTY OR EV5 =TY
TAILF1!RS1 9/1D ( TWELVE OR F\RTE5- !
NORMAL NUMB] 9 ALL ! MEMB]S (! GRT
PIGEON FAMILY3 ^! F1!RS >E KEPT EXP&$1 &
>E C>RI$ S ERECT1 T 9 GD BIRDS ! H1D &
TAIL T\*3 ! OIL-GL& IS Q ABORT$4 ,S"EAL
O!R LESS 4T9CT BRE$S MI<T 2 SPECIFI$4
  ,9 ! SKELETONS (! S"EAL BRE$S1 !
DEVELOP;T (! B"OS (! FACE 9 L5G? & BR1D?
& CURVATURE DI6]S ENORM\SLY4 ,! %APE1 Z
WELL Z ! BR1D? & L5G? (! RAMUS (! L[]
JAW1 V>IES 9 A HI<LY REM>KA# MANN]4 ,!
CAUDAL & SACRAL V]TEBRAE V>Y 9 NUMB]2 Z
DOES ! NUMB] (! RIBS1 TGR ) _! RELATIVE
BR1D? &! PRES;E ( PROCESSES4 ,! SIZE &
%APE (! AP]TURES 9 ! /]NUM >E HI<LY
V>IA#2 S IS ! DEGREE ( DIV]G;E &
RELATIVE SIZE (! TWO >MS (! FURCULA4 ,!
PROPOR;NAL WID? (! GAPE ( M\?1 !
PROPOR;NAL L5G? (! EYELIDS1 (! ORIFICE (
! NO/RILS1 (! T;GUE 7N ALW 9 /RICT
CORREL,N )! L5G? ( B1K71 ! SIZE (! CROP
&(! UPP] "P (! OESOPHAGUS2 ! DEVELOP;T &
ABOR;N (! OIL-GL&2 ! NUMB] (! PRIM>Y W+
& CAUDAL F1!RS2 ! RELATIVE L5G? (! W+ &
TAIL 6EA* O!R & 6! BODY2 ! RELATIVE L5G?
(! LEG & FOOT2 ! NUMB] ( SCUTELLAE ON !
TOES1 ! DEVELOP;T ( SK9 2T ! TOES1 >E
ALL PO9TS ( /RUCTURE : >E V>IA#4 ,!
P]IOD AT : ! P]FECT PLUMAGE IS ACQUIR$
V>IES1 Z DOES ! /ATE (! D[N ) : ! NE/L+
BIRDS >E CLO!D :5 HAT*$4 ,! %APE & SIZE
(! E7S V>Y4 ,! MANN] ( FLI<T1 & 9 "S
BRE$S ! VOICE & 4POSI;N1 DI6] REM>KABLY4
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H -E 6DI6] 9 A SLI<T DEGREE F EA* O!R4
  ,ALT AT L1/ A SCORE ( PIGEONS MI<T 2
*OS51 :1 IF %[N 6AN ORNI?OLOGI/1 & HE 7
TOLD T !Y 7 WILD BIRDS1 WD C]TA9LY 2
RANK$ 0HM Z WELL-DEF9$ SPECIES4
,MOREOV]1 ,I D N 2LIEVE T ANY
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C>RI]1 ! %ORT-FAC$ TUM#R1 ! RUNT1 ! B>B1
P\T]1 & FANTAIL 9 ! SAME G5US2 M
ESPECI,Y Z 9 EA* ( ^! BRE$S S"EAL TRULY-
9H]IT$ SUB-BRE$S1 OR SPECIES1 Z HE WD
CALL !M1 CD 2 %[N HM4
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PIGEON1 ,I AM FULLY 3V9C$ T ! -MON
OP9ION ( NATURALI/S IS CORRECT1 "NLY1 T
ALL >E DESC5D$ F ! ROCK-PIGEON 7,COLUMBA
LIVIA71 9CLUD+ "U ? T]M S"EAL
GEOGRAPHICAL RACES OR SUB-SPECIES1 :
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,Z S"EAL (! R1SONS : H L$ ME 6? 2LIEF >E
9 "S DEGREE APPLICA# 9 O!R CASES1 ,I W
"H BRIEFLY GIVE !M4 ,IF ! S"EAL BRE$S >E
N V>IETIES1 & H N PROCE$$ F ! ROCK-
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EI<T ABORIG9AL /OCKS2 = X IS IMPOSSI#
6MAKE ! PRES5T DOME/IC BRE$S 0! CROSS+ (
ANY LESS] NUMB]3 H[1 = 9/.E1 CD A P\T] 2
PRODUC$ 0CROSS+ TWO BRE$S UN.S "O (!
P>5T-/OCKS POSSESS$ ! "*I/IC ENORM\S
CROP8 ,! SUPPOS$ ABORIG9AL /OCKS M/ ALL
H BE5 ROCK-PIGEONS1 T IS1 !Y DID N BRE$
OR WILL+LY P]* ON TREES4 ,B 2SS ,C4
LIVIA1 ) XS GEOGRAPHICAL SUB-SPECIES1
ONLY TWO OR ?REE O!R SPECIES ( ROCK-
PIGEONS >E "KN2 & ^! H N ANY (! "*S (!
DOME/IC BRE$S4 ,H;E ! SUPPOS$ ABORIG9AL
/OCKS M/ EI / EXI/ 9 ! C.TRIES ": !Y 7
ORIG9,Y DOME/ICAT$1 & YET 2 UN"KN
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HABITS1 & REM>KA# "*S1 SEEMS IMPROBA#2
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,B BIRDS BRE$+ ON PRECIPICES1 & GD
FLI]S1 >E UNLIKELY 6BE EXT]M9AT$2 &!
-MON ROCK-PIGEON1 : HAS ! SAME HABITS )!
DOME/IC BRE$S1 HAS N BE5 EXT]M9AT$ EV5
ON S"EAL (! SMALL] ,BRITI% ISLETS1 OR ON
! %ORES (! ,M$IT]RAN1N4 ,H;E ! SUPPOS$
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"PS (! _W1 &1 "!=E1 "S ( !M M/ H BE5
C>RI$ BACK AG 96_! NATIVE C.TRY2 B N "O
HAS 2COME WILD OR F]AL1 ?\< ! DOVECOT-
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ALT]$ /ATE1 HAS 2COME F]AL 9 S"EAL
PLACES4 ,AG1 ALL REC5T EXP]I;E %[S T X
IS DI6ICULT 6GET WILD ANIMALS 6BRE$
FREELY "U DOME/IC,N1 YET ON ! HYPO!SIS (
! MULTIPLE ORIG9 ( \R PIGEONS1 X M/ 2
ASSUM$ T AT L1/ SEV5 OR EI<T SPECIES 7 S
?OR\<LY DOME/ICAT$ 9 ANCI5T "TS 0HALF-
CIVILIS$ MAN1 Z 6BE Q PROLIFIC "U
3F9E;T4
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S"EAL O!R CASES1 IS1 T ! ABV-SPECIFI$
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& 9 MO/ "PS ( _! /RUCTURE1 YET >E
C]TA9LY HI<LY ABNORMAL 9 O!R "PS2 WE MAY
LOOK 9 VA9 "? ! :OLE GRT FAMILY (
,COLUMBIDAE =A B1K L T (! ,5GLI% C>RI]1
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CIVILIS$ MAN SU3E$$ 9 ?OR\<LY DOME/ICAT+
S"EAL SPECIES1 B T HE 9T5;N,Y OR 0*.E
PICK$ \ EXTRAORD9>ILY ABNORMAL SPECIES2
& FUR!R1 T ^! V SPECIES H S9CE ALL 2COME
EXT9CT OR UN"KN4 ,S _M /RANGE 3T+5CIES
>E IMPROBA# 9 ! HI<E/ DEGREE4
  ,"S FACTS 9 REG>D 6! COL\R+ ( PIGEONS
WELL DES]VE 3SID],N4 ,! ROCK-PIGEON IS (
A SLATY-BLUE1 ) :ITE LO9S2 B ! ,9DIAN
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? "P BLUI%4 ,! TAIL HAS A T]M9AL D>K B>1
)! \T] F1!RS EXT]N,Y $G$ AT ! BASE )
:ITE4 ,! W+S H TWO BLACK B>S4 ,"S SEMI-
DOME/IC BRE$S1 & "S TRULY WILD BRE$S1 H1
2SS ! TWO BLACK B>S1 ! W+S *EQU]$ )
BLACK4 ,^! S"EAL M>KS D N O3UR TGR 9 ANY
O!R SPECIES (! :OLE FAMILY4 ,N[1 9 E "O
(! DOME/IC BRE$S1 TAK+ ?OR\<LY WELL-BR$
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! \T] TAIL-F1!RS1 "S"TS 3CUR P]FECTLY
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OR M 4T9CT BRE$S >E CROSS$1 N"O ( : >E
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M;GREL (FSPR+ >E V APT SU45LY 6ACQUIRE
^! "*S4 ,6GIVE "O 9/.E \ ( S"EAL : ,I H
OBS]V$3- ,I CROSS$ "S :ITE FANTAILS1 :
BRE$ V TRUE1 ) "S BLACK B>BS- & X S
HAPP5S T BLUE V>IETIES ( B>BS >E S R>E T
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M;GRELS 7 BLACK1 BR[N1 & MOTTL$4 ,I AL
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DUSKY & MOTTL$4 ,I !N CROSS$ "O (!
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& !Y PRODUC$ A BIRD ( Z B1UTI;L A BLUE
COL\R1 )! :ITE LO9S1 D\# BLACK W+-B>1 &
B>R$ & :ITE-$G$ TAIL-F1!RS1 Z ANY WILD-
ROCK PIGEON6 ,WE C "U/& ^! FACTS1 ON !
WELL-"KN PR9CIPLE ( REV].N 6ANCE/RAL
"*S1 IF ALL ! DOME/IC BRE$S >E DESC5D$ F
! ROCK-PIGEON4 ,B IF WE D5Y ?1 WE M/
MAKE "O (! TWO FOLL[+ HI<LY IMPROBA#
SUPPOSI;NS4 ,EI1 F/1 T ALL ! S"EAL
IMAG9$ ABORIG9AL /OCKS 7 COL\R$ & M>K$ L
! ROCK-PIGEON1 AL? NO O!R EXI/+ SPECIES
IS ?US COL\R$ & M>K$1 S T 9 EA* SEP>ATE
BRE$ "! MI<T 2 A T5D5CY 6REV]T 6! V SAME
COL\RS & M>K+S4 ,OR1 SECONDLY1 T EA*
BRE$1 EV5 ! PURE/1 HAS )9 A DOZ51 OR AT
MO/ )9 A SCORE1 ( G5],NS1 BE5 CROSS$ 0!
ROCK-PIGEON3 ,I SAY )9 DOZ5 OR TW5TY
G5],NS1 = NO 9/.E IS "KN ( CROSS$
DESC5DANTS REV]T+ 6AN ANCE/OR ( =EIGN
BLOOD1 REMOV$ 0A GRT] NUMB] ( G5],NS4 ,9
A BRE$ : HAS BE5 CROSS$ ONLY ONCE1 !
T5D5CY 6REV]T 6ANY "* DERIV$ F S* A
CROSS W NATUR,Y 2COME LESS & LESS1 Z 9
EA* SU3E$+ G5],N "! W 2 LESS (! =EIGN
BLOOD2 B :5 "! HAS BE5 NO CROSS1 & "! IS
A T5D5CY 9 ! BRE$ 6REV]T 6A "* : 0 LO/
DUR+ "S =M] G5],N1 ? T5D5CY1 = ALL T WE
C SEE 6! 3TR>Y1 MAY 2 TRANSMITT$
UNDIM9I%$ = AN 9DEF9ITE NUMB] ( G5],NS4
,^! TWO 4T9CT CASES ( REV].N >E (T5
3F.D$ TGR 0^? :O H WRITT5 ON 9H]IT.E4
  ,LA/LY1 ! HYBRIDS OR M;GRELS F 2T ALL
! BRE$S (! PIGEON >E P]FECTLY F]TILE1 Z
,I C /ATE F MY [N OBS]V,NS1 PURPOSELY
MADE1 ON ! MO/ 4T9CT BRE$S4 ,N[1 H>DLY
ANY CASES H BE5 ASC]TA9$ ) C]TA9TY (
HYBRIDS F TWO Q 4T9CT SPECIES ( ANIMALS
2+ P]FECTLY F]TILE4 ,"S AU?ORS 2LIEVE T
L;G-3T9U$ DOME/IC,N ELIM9ATES ? /R;G
T5D5CY 6/]IL;Y 9 SPECIES4 ,F ! HI/ORY (!
DOG1 &( "S O!R DOME/IC ANIMALS1 ? 3CLU.N
IS PROBABLY Q CORRECT1 IF APPLI$
6SPECIES CLOSELY RELAT$ 6EA* O!R4 ,B
6EXT5D X S F> Z 6SUPPOSE T SPECIES1
ABORIG9,Y Z 4T9CT Z C>RI]S1 TUM#RS1
P\T]S1 & FANTAILS N[ >E1 %D YIELD (FSPR+
P]FECTLY F]TILE 9T] SE1 WD 2 RA% 9 !
EXTREME4
  ,F ^! S"EAL R1SONS1 "NLY1- !
IMPROBABIL;Y ( MAN HAV+ =M]LY MADE SEV5
OR EI<T SUPPOS$ SPECIES ( PIGEONS 6BRE$
FREELY "U DOME/IC,N2- ^! SUPPOS$ SPECIES
2+ Q UN"KN 9 A WILD /ATE1 & _! N HAV+
2COME ANY": F]AL2- ^! SPECIES PRES5T+
C]TA9 V ABNORMAL "*S1 Z -P>$ ) ALL O!R
,COLUMBIDAE1 ?\< S L ! ROCK-PIGEON 9 MO/
RESPECTS2- ! O3A.NAL REAPPE>.E (! BLUE
COL\R & V>I\S BLACK M>KS 9 ALL ! BRE$S1
BO? :5 KEPT PURE & :5 CROSS$2- & LA/LY1
! M;GREL (FSPR+ 2+ P]FECTLY F]TILE2- F
^! S"EAL R1SONS TAK5 TGR1 WE MAY SAFELY
3CLUDE T ALL \R DOME/IC BRE$S >E DESC5D$
F ! ROCK-PIGEON OR ,COLUMBA LIVIA ) XS
GEOGRAPHICAL SUB-SPECIES4
  ,9 FAV\R ( ? VIEW1 ,I MAY ADD1 F/LY1 T
! WILD ,C4 LIVIA HAS BE5 F.D CAPA# (
DOME/IC,N 9 ,EUROPE & 9 ,9DIA2 & T X
AGREES 9 HABITS & 9 A GRT NUMB] ( PO9TS
( /RUCTURE ) ALL ! DOME/IC BRE$S4
,SECONDLY1 T1 AL? AN ,5GLI% C>RI] OR A
%ORT-FAC$ TUM#R DI6]S IMM5SELY 9 C]TA9
"*S F ! ROCK-PIGEON1 YET T1 0-P>+ !
S"EAL SUB-BRE$S ( ^! TWO RACES1 M
ESPECI,Y ^? BR"\ F 4TANT C.TRIES1 WE C
MAKE1 2T !M &! ROCK-PIGEON1 AN ALM
P]FECT S]IES2 S WE C 9 "S O!R CASES1 B N
) ALL ! BRE$S4 ,?IRDLY1 ^? "*S : >E
MA9LY 4T9CTIVE ( EA* BRE$ >E 9 EA*
EM95TLY V>IA#1 = 9/.E ! WATTLE & L5G? (
B1K (! C>RI]1 ! %ORT;S ( T (! TUM#R1 &!
NUMB] ( TAILF1!RS 9 ! FANTAIL2 &!
EXPLAN,N ( ? FACT W 2 OBVI\S :5 WE TR1T
( ,SELEC;N4 ,F\R?LY1 PIGEONS H BE5 WAT*$
& T5D$ )! UTMO/ C>E1 & LOV$ 0_M P4 ,!Y H
BE5 DOME/ICAT$ = ?\S&S ( YE>S 9 S"EAL
QU>T]S (! _W2 ! E>LIE/ "KN RECORD (
PIGEONS IS 9 ! FIF? ,,AE,'GYPTIAN
DYNA/Y1 AB #CJJJ ,B4,C41 Z 0 PO9T$ \ 6ME
0,PROFESSOR ,LEPSIUS2 B ,MR4 ,BIR* 9=MS
ME T PIGEONS >E GIV5 9 A BILL ( F>E 9 !
PREVI\S DYNA/Y4 ,9 ! "T (! ,ROMANS1 Z WE
HE> F ,PL9Y1 IMM5SE PRICES 7 GIV5 =
PIGEONS2 8NAY1 !Y >E -E 6? PASS1 T !Y C
RECKON UP _! P$IGREE & RACE40 ,PIGEONS 7
M* VALU$ 0,AKB] ,KHAN 9 ,9DIA1 AB ! YE>
#AFJJ2 N"E LESS ?AN #IJ1JJJ PIGEONS 7
TAK5 )! C\RT4 8,! MON>*S ( ,IRAN &
,TURAN S5T HM "S V R>E BIRDS02 & 3T9UES
! C\RTLY HI/ORIAN1 8,HIS ,MAJE/Y 0CROSS+
! BRE$S1 : ME?OD 0 N"E PRACTIS$ 2F1 HAS
IMPROV$ !M A/ONI%+LY40 ,AB ? SAME P]IOD
! ,DUT* 7 Z EAG] AB PIGEONS Z 7 ! OLD
,ROMANS4 ,! P>AM.T IMPORT.E ( ^!
3SID],NS 9 EXPLA9+ ! IMM5SE AM.T ( V>I,N
: PIGEONS H "UG"O1 W LIKEWISE 2 OBVI\S
:5 WE TR1T ( ,SELEC;N4 ,WE % !N1 AL1 SEE
H[ X IS T ! S"EAL BRE$S S (T5 H A "S:AT
MON/R\S "*4 ,X IS AL A MO/ FAV\RA#
CIRCUM/.E =! PRODUC;N ( 4T9CT BRE$S1 T
MALE & FEMALE PIGEONS C 2 EASILY MAT$ =
LIFE2 & ?US DI6]5T BRE$S C 2 KEPT TGR 9
! SAME AVI>Y4
  ,I H 4CUSS$ ! PROBA# ORIG9 ( DOME/IC
PIGEONS AT "S1 YET Q 9SU6ICI5T1 L5G?2 2C
:5 ,I F/ KEPT PIGEONS & WAT*$ ! S"EAL
K9DS1 WELL "K+ H[ TRULY !Y BRE$1 ,I FELT
FULLY Z M* DI6ICULTY 9 2LIEV+ T S9CE !Y
_H BE5 DOME/ICAT$ !Y _H ALL PROCE$$ F A
-MON P>5T1 Z ANY NATURALI/ CD 9 -+ 6A
SIMIL> 3CLU.N 9 REG>D 6! _M SPECIES (
F9*ES1 OR O!R GR\PS ( BIRDS1 9 NATURE4
,"O CIRCUM/.E HAS /RUCK ME M*2 "NLY1 T
NE>LY ALL ! BRE$]S (! V>I\S DOME/IC
ANIMALS &! CULTIVATORS ( PLANTS1 ) :OM
,I H 3V]S$1 OR ^: TR1TISES ,I H R1D1 >E
FIRMLY 3V9C$ T ! S"EAL BRE$S 6: EA* HAS
ATT5D$1 >E DESC5D$ F S _M ABORIG9,Y
4T9CT SPECIES4 ,ASK1 Z ,I H ASK$1 A
CELEBRAT$ RAIS] ( ,H]E=D CATTLE1 :E!R 8
CATTLE MI<T N H DESC5D$ F L;G-HORNS1 OR
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6SCORN4 ,I H N"E MET A PIGEON1 OR
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FULLY 3V9C$ T EA* MA9 BRE$ 0 DESC5D$ F A
4T9CT SPECIES4 ,VAN ,MONS1 9 8 TR1TISE
ON PE>S & APPLES1 %[S H[ UTT]LY HE
4BELIEVES T ! S"EAL SORTS1 = 9/.E A
,RIB/ON-PIPP9 OR ,CODL9-APPLE1 CD "E H
PROCE$$ F ! SE$S (! SAME TREE4 ,9NUM]A#
O!R EXAMPLES CD 2 GIV54 ,! EXPLAN,N1 ,I
?9K1 IS SIMPLE3 F L;G-3T9U$ /UDY !Y >E
/R;GLY IMPRESS$ )! DI6];ES 2T ! S"EAL
RACES2 & ?\< !Y WELL "K T EA* RACE V>IES
SLI<TLY1 = !Y W9 _! PRIZES 0SELECT+ S*
SLI<T DI6];ES1 YET !Y IGNORE ALL G5]AL
>GU;TS1 & REFUSE 6SUM UP 9 _! M9DS SLI<T
DI6];ES A3UMULAT$ DUR+ _M SU3ESSIVE
G5],NS4 ,MAY N ^? NATURALI/S :O1 "K+ F>
LESS (! LAWS ( 9H]IT.E ?AN DOES ! BRE$]1
& "K+ NO M ?AN HE DOES (! 9T]M$IATE L9KS
9 ! L;G L9ES ( DESC5T1 YET ADMIT T _M (
\R DOME/IC RACES >E DESC5D$ F ! SAME
P>5TS- MAY !Y N LE>N A LESSON ( CAU;N1
:5 !Y DERIDE ! IDEA ( SPECIES 9 A /ATE (
NATURE 2+ L91L DESC5DANTS ( O!R SPECIES8
  ,PR9CIPLES ( ,SELEC;N ANCI5TLY FOLL[$1
& _! ,E6ECTS
  ,LET U N[ BRIEFLY 3SID] ! /EPS 0:
DOME/IC RACES H BE5 PRODUC$1 EI F "O OR
F S"EAL ALLI$ SPECIES4 ,"S E6ECT MAY 2
ATTRIBUT$ 6! DIRECT & DEF9ITE AC;N (!
EXT]NAL 3DI;NS ( LIFE1 & "S 6HABIT2 B HE
WD 2 A BOLD MAN :O WD A3.T 0S* AG5CIES =
! DI6];ES 2T A DRAY- & RACE-HORSE1 A
GREYH.D & BLOODH.D1 A C>RI] & TUM#R
PIGEON4 ,"O (! MO/ REM>KA# F1TURES 9 \R
DOME/ICAT$ RACES IS T WE SEE 9 !M
ADAPT,N1 N 9DE$ 6! ANIMAL'S OR PLANT'S
[N GD1 B 6MAN'S USE OR FANCY4 ,"S V>I,NS
USE;L 6HM H PROBABLY >IS5 SU45LY1 OR 0"O
/EP2 _M BOTANI/S1 = 9/.E1 2LIEVE T !
FULL]'S T1SEL1 ) XS HOOKS1 : _C 2
RIVALL$ 0ANY ME*ANICAL 3TRIV.E1 IS ONLY
A V>IETY (! WILD ,DIPSACUS2 & ? AM.T (
*ANGE MAY H SU45LY >IS5 9 A SE$L+4 ,S X
HAS PROBABLY BE5 )! TURNSPIT DOG2 & ? IS
"KN 6H BE5 ! CASE )! ANCON %EEP4 ,B :5
WE -P>E ! DRAY-HORSE & RACE-HORSE1 !
DROM$>Y & CAMEL1 ! V>I\S BRE$S ( %EEP
FITT$ EI = CULTIVAT$ L& OR M.TA9 PA/URE1
)! WOOL ( "O BRE$ GD = "O PURPOSE1 & T (
ANO!R BRE$ = ANO!R PURPOSE2 :5 WE -P>E !
_M BRE$S ( DOGS1 EA* GD = MAN 9 DI6]5T
WAYS2 :5 WE -P>E ! GAME-COCK1 S
P]T9ACI\S 9 BATTLE1 ) O!R BRE$S S LL
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6SIT1 &)! BANTAM S SMALL & ELEGANT2 :5
WE -P>E ! HO/ ( AGRICULTURAL1 CUL9>Y1
OR*>D1 & FL[]-G>D5 RACES ( PLANTS1 MO/
USE;L 6MAN AT DI6]5T S1SONS &= DI6]5T
PURPOSES1 OR S B1UTI;L 9 8 EYES1 WE M/1
,I ?9K1 LOOK FUR!R ?AN 6M]E V>IABIL;Y4
,WE _C SUPPOSE T ALL ! BRE$S 7 SU45LY
PRODUC$ Z P]FECT & Z USE;L Z WE N[ SEE
!M2 9DE$1 9 _M CASES1 WE "K T ? HAS N
BE5 _! HI/ORY4 ,! KEY IS MAN'S P[] (
A3UMULATIVE SELEC;N3 NATURE GIVES
SU3ESSIVE V>I,NS2 MAN A4S !M UP 9 C]TA9
DIREC;NS USE;L 6HM4 ,9 ? S5SE HE MAY 2
SD 6H MADE = HMF USE;L BRE$S4
  ,! GRT P[] ( ? PR9CIPLE ( SELEC;N IS N
HYPO!TICAL4 ,X IS C]TA9 T S"EAL ( \R
EM95T BRE$]S H1 EV5 )9 A S+LE LIFE"T1
MODIFI$ 6A L>GE EXT5T _! BRE$S ( CATTLE
& %EEP4 ,9 ORD] FULLY 6R1LISE :AT !Y H
D"O1 X IS ALM NEC 6R1D S"EAL (! _M
TR1TISES DEVOT$ 6? SUBJECT1 & 69SPECT !
ANIMALS4 ,BRE$]S HABITU,Y SP1K ( AN
ANIMAL'S ORGANIS,N Z "S?+ PLA/IC1 : !Y C
MODEL Z !Y PL1SE4 ,IF ,I _H SPACE ,I CD
QUOTE NUM]\S PASSAGES 6? E6ECT F HI<LY
-PET5T AU?ORITIES4 ,Y\ATT1 :O 0 PROBABLY
BETT] ACQUA9T$ )! "WS ( AGRICULTURI/S
?AN ALM ANY O!R 9DIVIDUAL1 & :O 0 HMF A
V GD JUDGE ( ANIMALS1 SP1KS (! PR9CIPLE
( SELEC;N Z 8T : 5A#S ! AGRICULTURI/1 N
ONLY 6MODIFY ! "* ( 8 FLOCK1 B 6*ANGE X
ALT4 ,X IS ! MAGICIAN'S W&1 0M1NS ( : HE
MAY SUMMON 96LIFE :AT"E =M & M\LD HE
PL1SES40 ,"L ,SOM]VILLE1 SP1K+ ( :AT
BRE$]S H D"O = %EEP1 SAYS3--8,X WD SEEM
Z IF !Y _H *ALK$ \ ^U A WALL A =M P]FECT
9 XF1 & !N _H GIV5 X EXI/;E40 ,9 ,SAXONY
! IMPORT.E (! PR9CIPLE ( SELEC;N 9 REG>D
6M]9O %EEP IS S FULLY RECOGNIS$1 T M5
FOLL[ X Z A TRADE3 ! %EEP >E PLAC$ ON A
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3NOISSEUR2 ? IS D"O ?REE "TS AT 9T]VALS
( MON?S1 &! %EEP >E EA* "T M>K$ &
CLASS$1 S T ! V BE/ MAY ULTIMATELY 2
SELECT$ = BRE$+4
  ,:AT ,5GLI% BRE$]S H ACTU,Y E6ECT$ IS
PROV$ 0! ENORM\S PRICES GIV5 = ANIMALS )
A GD P$IGREE2 & ^! H BE5 EXPORT$ 6ALM E
QU>T] (! _W4 ,! IMPROVE;T IS 0NO G5],Y
DUE 6CROSS+ DI6]5T BRE$S2 ALL ! BE/
BRE$]S >E /R;GLY OPPOS$ 6? PRACTICE1
EXCEPT "S"TS AM;G/ CLOSELY ALLI$ SUB-
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CLOSE/ SELEC;N IS F> M 9DISP5SA# EV5 ?AN
9 ORD9>Y CASES4 ,IF SELEC;N 3SI/$ M]ELY
9 SEP>AT+ "S V 4T9CT V>IETY1 & BRE$+ F
X1 ! PR9CIPLE WD 2 S OBVI\S Z H>DLY 6BE
WOR? NOTICE2 B XS IMPORT.E 3SI/S 9 ! GRT
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DUR+ SU3ESSIVE G5],NS1 ( DI6];ES
ABSOLUTELY 9APPRECIA# 0AN UN$UCAT$ EYE-
DI6];ES : ,I = "O H VA9LY ATTEMPT$
6APPRECIATE4 ,N "O MAN 9 A ?\S& HAS
A3URACY ( EYE & JUDG;T SU6ICI5T 62COME
AN EM95T BRE$]4 ,IF1 GIFT$ ) ^!
QUALITIES1 HE /UDIES 8 SUBJECT = YE>S1 &
DEVOTES 8 LIFE"T 6X ) 9DOMITA# P]SEV].E1
HE W SU3E$1 & MAY MAKE GRT IMPROVE;TS2
IF HE WANTS ANY ( ^! QUALITIES1 HE W
ASSUR$LY FAIL4 ,FEW WD R1DILY 2LIEVE 9 !
NATURAL CAPAC;Y & YE>S ( PRACTICE
REQUISITE 62COME EV5 A SKIL;L PIGEON
FANCI]4
  ,! SAME PR9CIPLES >E FOLL[$
0HORTICULTURI/S2 B ! V>I,NS >E "H (T5 M
ABRUPT4 ,NO "O SUPPOSES T \R *OICE/
PRODUC;NS H BE5 PRODUC$ 0A S+LE V>I,N F
! ABORIG9AL /OCK4 ,WE H PRO(S T ? HAS N
BE5 S 9 S"EAL CASES 9 : EXACT RECORDS H
BE5 KEPT2 ?US1 6GIVE A V TRIFL+ 9/.E1 !
/1DILY-9CR1S+ SIZE (! -MON GOOSEB]RY MAY
2 QUOT$4 ,WE SEE AN A/ONI%+ IMPROVE;T 9
_M FLORI/S' FL[]S1 :5 ! FL[]S (! PRES5T
"D >E -P>$ ) DRAW+S MADE ONLY TW5TY OR
?IRTY YE>S AGO4 ,:5 A RACE ( PLANTS IS
ONCE PRETTY WELL E/ABLI%$1 ! SE$-RAIS]S
D N PICK \ ! BE/ PLANTS1 B M]ELY G OV]
_! SE$-B$S1 & PULL UP ! 8ROGUES10 Z !Y
CALL ! PLANTS T DEVIATE F ! PROP] /&>D4
,) ANIMALS ? K9D ( SELEC;N IS1 9 FACT1
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C>E.S Z 6BRE$ F 8 WOR/ ANIMALS4
  ,9 REG>D 6PLANTS1 "! IS ANO!R M1NS (
OBS]V+ ! A3UMULAT$ E6ECTS ( SELEC;N-
"NLY1 0-P>+ ! DIV]S;Y ( FL[]S 9 ! DI6]5T
V>IETIES (! SAME SPECIES 9 ! FL[]-G>D52
! DIV]S;Y ( L1VES1 PODS1 OR TUB]S1 OR
:AT"E "P IS VALU$1 9 ! KIT*5 G>D51 9
-P>ISON )! FL[]S (! SAME V>IETIES2 &!
DIV]S;Y ( FRUIT (! SAME SPECIES 9 !
OR*>D1 9 -P>ISON )! L1VES & FL[]S (!
SAME SET ( V>IETIES4 ,SEE H[ DI6]5T !
L1VES (! CA2AGE >E1 & H[ EXTREMELY ALIKE
! FL[]S2 H[ UNLIKE ! FL[]S (! HE>TSEASE
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DI6]5T K9DS ( GOOSEB]RIES DI6] 9 SIZE1
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V>IETIES : DI6] L>GELY 9 "S "O PO9T D N
DI6] AT ALL 9 O!R PO9TS2 ? IS H>DLY "E1-
,I SP1K AF C>E;L OBS]V,N1 P]H N"E1 !
CASE4 ,! LAW ( CORRELAT$ V>I,N1 !
IMPORT.E ( : %D N"E 2 OV]LOOK$1 W 5SURE
"S DI6];ES2 B1 Z A G5]AL RULE1 X _C 2
D\BT$ T ! 3T9U$ SELEC;N ( SLI<T V>I,NS1
EI 9 ! L1VES1 ! FL[]S1 OR ! FRUIT1 W
PRODUCE RACES DI6]+ F EA* O!R *IEFLY 9
^! "*S4
  ,X MAY 2 OBJECT$ T ! PR9CIPLE (
SELEC;N HAS BE5 REDUC$ 6ME?ODICAL
PRACTICE = SC>CELY M ?AN ?REE-QU>T]S (A
C5TURY2 X HAS C]TA9LY BE5 M ATT5D$ 6(
LATE YE>S1 & _M TR1TISES H BE5 PUBLI%$
ON ! SUBJECT2 &! RESULT HAS BE51 9 A
CORRESPOND+ DEGREE1 RAPID & IMPORTANT4
,B X IS V F> F TRUE T ! PR9CIPLE IS A
MOD]N 4COV]Y4 ,I CD GIVE S"EAL REF];ES
6"WS ( HI< ANTIQU;Y1 9 : ! FULL IMPORT.E
(! PR9CIPLE IS AC"KL$G$4 ,9 RUDE &
B>B>\S P]IODS ( ,5GLI% HI/ORY *OICE
ANIMALS 7 (T5 IMPORT$1 & LAWS 7 PASS$
6PREV5T _! EXPORT,N3 ! DE/RUC;N ( HORSES
"U A C]TA9 SIZE 0 ORD]$1 & ? MAY 2 -P>$
6! 8ROGU+0 ( PLANTS 0NURS]YM54 ,!
PR9CIPLE ( SELEC;N ,I F9D 4T9CTLY GIV5 9
AN ANCI5T ,*9ESE 5CYCLOPAEDIA4 ,EXPLICIT
RULES >E LAID D[N 0"S (! ,ROMAN
CLASSICAL WRIT]S4 ,F PASSAGES 9 ,G5ESIS1
X IS CLE> T ! COL\R ( DOME/IC ANIMALS 0
AT T E>LY P]IOD ATT5D$ TO4 ,SAVAGES N[
"S"TS CROSS _! DOGS ) WILD CAN9E
ANIMALS1 6IMPROVE ! BRE$1 & !Y =M]LY DID
S1 Z IS ATTE/$ 0PASSAGES 9 ,PL9Y4 ,!
SAVAGES 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA MAT* _! DRAU<T
CATTLE 0COL\R1 Z D "S (! ,ESQUIMAUX _!
T1MS ( DOGS4 ,LIV+/"O /ATES T GD DOME/IC
BRE$S >E HI<LY VALU$ 0! NEGROES 9 !
9T]IOR ( ,AFRICA :O H N ASSOCIAT$ )
,EUROP1NS4 ,"S ( ^! FACTS D N %[ ACTUAL
SELEC;N1 B !Y %[ T ! BRE$+ ( DOME/IC
ANIMALS 0 C>E;LLY ATT5D$ 6IN ANCI5T "TS1
& IS N[ ATT5D$ 60! L[E/ SAVAGES4 ,X WD1
9DE$1 H BE5 A /RANGE FACT1 _H ATT5;N N
BE5 PD 6BRE$+1 =! 9H]IT.E ( GD & BAD
QUALITIES IS S OBVI\S4
  ,UNCONSCI\S ,SELEC;N
  ,AT ! PRES5T "T1 EM95T BRE$]S TRY
0ME?ODICAL SELEC;N1 )A 4T9CT OBJECT 9
VIEW1 6MAKE A NEW /RA9 OR SUB-BRE$1
SUP]IOR 6ANY?+ (! K9D 9 ! C.TRY4 ,B1 =
\R PURPOSE1 A =M ( ,SELEC;N1 : MAY 2
CALL$ ,UNCONSCI\S1 & : RESULTS F E "O
TRY+ 6POSSESS & BRE$ F ! BE/ 9DIVIDUAL
ANIMALS1 IS M IMPORTANT4 ,?US1 A MAN :O
9T5DS KEEP+ PO9T]S NATUR,Y TRIES 6GET Z
GD DOGS Z HE C1 & AFWS BRE$S F 8 [N BE/
DOGS1 B HE HAS NO WI% OR EXPECT,N (
P]MAN5TLY ALT]+ ! BRE$4 ,N"E!.S WE MAY
9F] T ? PROCESS1 3T9U$ DUR+ C5TURIES1 WD
IMPROVE & MODIFY ANY BRE$1 9 ! SAME WAY
Z ,BAKEWELL1 ,COLL9S1 &C41 0? V SAME
PROCESS1 ONLY C>RI$ ON M ME?ODIC,Y1 DID
GRTLY MODIFY1 EV5 DUR+ _! LIFE"TS1 ! =MS
& QUALITIES ( _! CATTLE4 ,SL[ & 9S5SI#
*ANGES ( ? K9D C N"E 2 RECOGNIS$ UN.S
ACTUAL M1SURE;TS OR C>E;L DRAW+S (!
BRE$S 9 "Q H BE5 MADE L;G AGO1 : MAY
S]VE = -P>ISON4 ,9 "S CASES1 H["E1
UN*ANG$1 OR B LL *ANG$ 9DIVIDUALS (!
SAME BRE$ EXI/ 9 LESS CIVILIS$ 4TRICTS1
": ! BRE$ HAS BE5 LESS IMPROV$4 ,"! IS
R1SON 62LIEVE T ,K+ ,*>LES'S SPANIEL HAS
BE5 UNCONSCI\SLY MODIFI$ 6A L>GE EXT5T
S9CE ! "T ( T MON>*4 ,"S HI<LY -PET5T
AU?ORITIES >E 3V9C$ T ! SETT] IS
DIRECTLY DERIV$ F ! SPANIEL1 & HAS
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! LA/ C5TURY1 & 9 ? CASE ! *ANGE HAS1 X
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S E6ECTU,Y1 T1 ?\< ! OLD ,SPANI% PO9T]
C]TA9LY CAME F ,SPA91 ,MR4 ,BORR[ HAS N
SE51 Z ,I AM 9=M$ 0HM1 ANY NATIVE DOG 9
,SPA9 L \R PO9T]4
  ,0A SIMIL> PROCESS ( SELEC;N1 & 0C>E;L
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9 FLEET;S & SIZE ! P>5T ,>ABS1 S T !
LATT]1 0! REGUL,NS =! ,GDWOOD ,RACES1 >E
FAV\R$ 9 ! WEI<TS : !Y C>RY4 ,"L ,SP;ER
& O!RS H %[N H[ ! CATTLE ( ,5GL& H
9CR1S$ 9 WEI<T & 9 E>LY MATUR;Y1 -P>$ )!
/OCK =M]LY KEPT 9 ? C.TRY4 ,0-P>+ !
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,BRITA91 ,9DIA1 & ,P]SIA1 WE C TRACE !
/AGES "? : !Y H 9S5SIBLY PASS$1 & -E
6DI6] S GRTLY F ! ROCK-PIGEON4
  ,Y\ATT GIVES AN EXCELL5T ILLU/R,N (!
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3SID]$ Z UNCONSCI\S1 9 S F> T ! BRE$]S
CD N"E H EXPECT$1 OR EV5 WI%$1 6PRODUCE
! RESULT : 5SU$- "NLY1 ! PRODUC;N ( TWO
4T9CT /RA9S4 ,! TWO FLOCKS ( ,LEICE/]
%EEP KEPT 0,MR4 ,BUCKLEY & ,MR4
,BURGESS1 Z ,MR4 ,Y\ATT REM>KS1 8H BE5
PURELY BR$ F ! ORIG9AL /OCK ( ,MR4
,BAKEWELL = UPW>DS ( FIFTY YE>S4 ,"! IS
N A SUSPICION EXI/+ 9 ! M9D ( ANY "O AT
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!M HAS DEVIAT$ 9 ANY "O 9/.E F ! PURE
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DI6];E 2T ! %EEP POSSESS$ 0^! TWO
G5TLEM5 IS S GRT T !Y H ! APPE>.E ( 2+ Q
DI6]5T V>IETIES40
  ,IF "! EXI/ SAVAGES S B>B>\S Z N"E
6?9K (! 9H]IT$ "* (! (FSPR+ ( _! DOME/IC
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USE;L 6!M1 = ANY SPECIAL PURPOSE1 WD 2
C>E;LLY PRES]V$ DUR+ FAM9ES & O!R
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?AN ! 9F]IOR "OS2 S T 9 ? CASE "! WD 2 A
K9D ( UNCONSCI\S SELEC;N GO+ ON4 ,WE SEE
! VALUE SET ON ANIMALS EV5 0! B>B>IANS (
,TI]RA DEL ,FUEGO1 0_! KILL+ & DEV\R+ _!
OLD WOM51 9 "TS ( DE>?1 Z ( LESS VALUE
?AN _! DOGS4
  ,9 PLANTS ! SAME GRADUAL PROCESS (
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9DIVIDUALS1 :E!R OR N SU6ICI5TLY 4T9CT
6BE RANK$ AT _! F/ APPE>.E1 Z 4T9CT
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B1UTY : WE N[ SEE 9 ! V>IETIES (!
HE>TSEASE1 ROSE1 PEL>GONIUM1 DAHLIA1 &
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) _! P>5T-/OCKS4 ,NO "O WD "E EXPECT
6GET A F/-RATE HE>TSEASE OR DAHLIA F !
SE$ (A WILD PLANT4 ,NO "O WD EXPECT
6RAISE A F/-RATE MELT+ PE> F ! SE$ (!
WILD PE>1 ?\< HE MI<T SU3E$ F A POOR
SE$L+ GR[+ WILD1 IF X _H -E F A G>D5-
/OCK4 ,! PE>1 ?\< CULTIVAT$ 9 CLASSICAL
"TS1 APPE>S1 F ,PL9Y'S DESCRIP;N1 6H BE5
A FRUIT ( V 9F]IOR QUAL;Y4 ,I H SE5 GRT
SURPRISE EXPRESS$ 9 HORTICULTURAL "WS AT
! WOND];L SKILL ( G>D5]S1 9 HAV+ PRODUC$
S* SPL5DID RESULTS F S* POOR MAT]IALS2 B
! >T HAS BE5 SIMPLE1 &1 Z F> Z ! F9AL
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UNCONSCI\SLY4 ,X HAS 3SI/$ 9 ALW
CULTIVAT+ ! BE/-"KN V>IETY1 S[+ XS SE$S1
&1 :5 A SLI<TLY BETT] V>IETY *.ED
6APPE>1 SELECT+ X1 & S ONW>DS4 ,B !
G>D5]S (! CLASSICAL P]IOD :O CULTIVAT$ !
BE/ PE>S : !Y CD PROCURE1 N"E ?"\ :AT
SPL5DID FRUIT WE %D EAT2 ?\< WE [E \R
EXCELL5T FRUIT 9 "S SMALL DEGREE1 6_!
HAV+ NATUR,Y *OS5 & PRES]V$ ! BE/
V>IETIES !Y CD ANY": F9D4
  ,A L>GE AM.T ( *ANGE1 ?US SL[LY &
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2LIEVE1 ! WELL-"KN FACT1 T 9 A NUMB] (
CASES WE _C RECOGNISE1 & "!=E D N "K1 !
WILD P>5T-/OCKS (! PLANTS : H BE5 L;GE/
CULTIVAT$ 9 \R FL[] & KIT*5 G>D5S4 ,IF X
HAS TAK5 C5TURIES OR ?\S&S ( YE>S
6IMPROVE OR MODIFY MO/ ( \R PLANTS UP
6_! PRES5T /&>D ( USE;L;S 6MAN1 WE C
"U/& H[ X IS T NEI ,AU/RALIA1 ! ,CAPE (
,GD ,HOPE1 NOR ANY O!R REGION 9HABIT$ 0Q
UNCIVILIS$ MAN1 HAS AF=D$ U A S+LE PLANT
WOR? CULTURE4 ,X IS N T ^! C.TRIES1 S
RI* 9 SPECIES1 D N 0A /RANGE *.E POSSESS
! ABORIG9AL /OCKS ( ANY USE;L PLANTS1 B
T ! NATIVE PLANTS H N BE5 IMPROV$ 03T9U$
SELEC;N UP 6A /&>D ( P]FEC;N -P>A# ) T
ACQUIR$ 0! PLANTS 9 C.TRIES ANCI5TLY
CIVILIS$4
  ,9 REG>D 6! DOME/IC ANIMALS KEPT
0UNCIVILIS$ MAN1 X %D N 2 OV]LOOK$ T !Y
ALM ALW H 6/RU7LE = _! [N FOOD1 AT L1/
DUR+ C]TA9 S1SONS4 ,& 9 TWO C.TRIES V
DI6]5TLY CIRCUM/.ED1 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME
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/RUCTURE WD (T5 SU3E$ BETT] 9 ! "O C.TRY
?AN 9 ! O!R2 & ?US 0A PROCESS ( 8NATURAL
SELEC;N10 Z W "HAF 2 M FULLY EXPLA9$1
TWO SUB-BRE$S MI<T 2 =M$4 ,?1 P]H1 "PLY
EXPLA9S :Y ! V>IETIES KEPT 0SAVAGES1 Z
HAS BE5 REM>K$ 0"S AU?ORS1 H M (! "* (
TRUE SPECIES ?AN ! V>IETIES KEPT 9
CIVILIS$ C.TRIES4
  ,ON ! VIEW "H GIV5 (! IMPORTANT "P :
SELEC;N 0MAN HAS PLAY$1 X 2COMES AT ONCE
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6MAN'S WANTS OR FANCIES4 ,WE C1 ,I ?9K1
FUR!R "U/& ! FREQU5TLY ABNORMAL "*S ( \R
DOME/IC RACES1 & LIKEWISE _! DI6];ES 2+
S GRT 9 EXT]NAL "*S1 & RELATIVELY S
SLI<T 9 9T]NAL "PS OR ORGANS4 ,MAN C
H>DLY SELECT1 OR ONLY ) M* DI6ICULTY1
ANY DEVI,N ( /RUCTURE EXCEPT+ S* Z IS
EXT]N,Y VISI#2 & 9DE$ HE R>ELY C>ES =
:AT IS 9T]NAL4 ,HE C N"E ACT 0SELEC;N1
EXCEPT+ ON V>I,NS : >E F/ GIV5 6HM 9 "S
SLI<T DEGREE 0NATURE4 ,NO MAN WD "E TRY
6MAKE A FANTAIL TILL HE SAW A PIGEON )A
TAIL DEVELOP$ 9 "S SLI<T DEGREE 9 AN
UNUSUAL MANN]1 OR A P\T] TILL HE SAW A
PIGEON )A CROP ( "S:AT UNUSUAL SIZE2 &!
M ABNORMAL OR UNUSUAL ANY "* 0 :5 X F/
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SELECT$ A PIGEON )A SLI<TLY L>G] TAIL1
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2COME "? L;G-3T9U$1 "PLY UNCONSCI\S &
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BRE$S1 9 : Z _M Z SEV5TE5 TAIL-F1!RS H
BE5 C.T$4 ,P]H ! F/ P\T]-PIGEON DID N
9FLATE XS CROP M* M ?AN ! TURBIT N[ DOES
! UPP] "P ( XS OESOPHAGUS1- A HABIT : IS
4REG>D$ 0ALL FANCI]S1 Z X IS N "O (!
PO9TS (! BRE$4
  ,NOR LET X 2 ?"\ T "S GRT DEVI,N (
/RUCTURE WD 2 NEC 6CAT* ! FANCI]'S EYE3
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9 HUMAN NATURE 6VALUE ANY NOVELTY1 H["E
SLI<T1 9 "O'S [N POSSES.N4 ,NOR M/ !
VALUE : WD =M]LY H BE5 SET ON ANY SLI<T
DI6];ES 9 ! 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME SPECIES1
2 JUDG$ ( 0! VALUE : IS N[ SET ON !M1 AF
S"EAL BRE$S H FAIRLY BE5 E/ABLI%$4 ,I IS
"KN T ) PIGEONS _M SLI<T V>I,NS N[
O3A.N,Y APPE>1 B ^! >E REJECT$ Z FAULTS
OR DEVI,NS F ! /&>D ( P]FEC;N 9 EA*
BRE$4 ,! -MON GOOSE HAS N GIV5 RISE 6ANY
M>K$ V>IETIES2 H;E ! ,T\L\SE &! -MON
BRE$1 : DI6] ONLY 9 COL\R1 T MO/ FLEET+
( "*S1 H LATELY BE5 EXHIBIT$ Z 4T9CT AT
\R P\LTRY %[S4
  ,^! VIEWS APPE> 6EXPLA9 :AT HAS "S"TS
BE5 NOTIC$- "NLY1 T WE "K H>DLY ANY?+ AB
! ORIG9 OR HI/ORY ( ANY ( \R DOME/IC
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A LANGUAGE1 C H>DLY 2 SD 6H A 4T9CT
ORIG94 MAN PRES]VES & BRE$S F AN
9DIVIDUAL ) "S SLI<T DEVI,N ( /RUCTURE1
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,B !Y W Z YET H>DLY H A 4T9CT "N1 & F 2+
ONLY SLI<TLY VALU$1 _! HI/ORY W H BE5
4REG>D$4 ,:5 FUR!R IMPROV$ 0! SAME SL[ &
GRADUAL PROCESS1 !Y W SPR1D M WIDELY1 &
W 2 RECOGNIS$ Z "S?+ 4T9CT & VALUA#1 & W
!N PROBABLY F/ RCV A PROV9CIAL "N4 ,9
SEMI-CIVILIS$ C.TRIES1 ) LL FREE
-MUNIC,N1 ! SPR1D+ (A NEW SUB-BRE$ WD 2
A SL[ PROCESS4 ,Z SOON Z ! PO9TS ( VALUE
>E ONCE AC"KL$G$1 ! PR9CIPLE1 Z ,I H
CALL$ X1 ( UNCONSCI\S SELEC;N W ALW
T5D1- P]H M AT "O P]IOD ?AN AT ANO!R1 Z
! BRE$ RISES OR FALLS 9 FA%ION1- P]H M 9
"O 4TRICT ?AN 9 ANO!R1 AC 6! /ATE (
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"*I/IC F1TURES (! BRE$1 :AT"E !Y MAY BE4
,B ! *.E W 2 9F9ITELY SMALL ( ANY RECORD
HAV+ BE5 PRES]V$ ( S* SL[1 V>Y+1 &
9S5SI# *ANGES4
  ,CIRCUM/.ES FAV\RA# 6,MAN'S ,P[] (
,SELEC;N
  ,I W N[ SAY A FEW ^WS ON ! CIRCUM/.ES1
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SELEC;N4 ,A HI< DEGREE ( V>IABIL;Y IS
OBVI\SLY FAV\RA#1 Z FREELY GIV+ !
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9DIVIDUAL DI6];ES >E N AMPLY SU6ICI5T1 )
EXTREME C>E1 6ALL[ (! A3UMUL,N (A L>GE
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_! APPE>.E W 2 M* 9CR1S$ 0A L>GE NUMB] (
9DIVIDUALS 2+ KEPT4 ,H;E1 NUMB] IS (!
HI<E/ IMPORT.E = SU3ESS4 ,ON ? PR9CIPLE
,M>%ALL =M]LY REM>K$1 ) RESPECT 6! %EEP
( "PS ( ,YORK%IRE1 8Z !Y G5],Y 2L;G
6POOR P1 & >E MO/LY 9 SMALL LOTS1 !Y N"E
C 2 IMPROV$40 ,ON ! O!R H&1 NURS]YM51 F
KEEP+ L>GE /OCKS (! SAME PLANT1 >E G5],Y
F> M SU3ESS;L ?AN AMATEURS 9 RAIS+ NEW &
VALUA# V>IETIES4 ,A L>GE NUMB] (
9DIVIDUALS ( AN ANIMAL OR PLANT C 2 RE>$
ONLY ": ! 3DI;NS = XS PROPAG,N >E
FAV\RA#4 ,:5 ! 9DIVIDUALS >E SCANTY1 ALL
W 2 ALL[$ 6BRE$1 :AT"E _! QUAL;Y MAY BE1
& ? W E6ECTU,Y PREV5T SELEC;N4 ,B
PROBABLY ! MO/ IMPORTANT ELE;T IS T !
ANIMAL OR PLANT %D 2 S HI<LY VALU$ 0MAN1
T ! CLOSE/ ATT5;N IS PD 6EV5 ! SLI<TE/
DEVI,NS 9 XS QUALITIES OR /RUCTURE4
,UN.S S* ATT5;N 2 PD NO?+ C 2 E6ECT$4 ,I
H SE5 X GRAVELY REM>K$1 T X 0 MO/
=TUNATE T ! /RAWB]RY 2GAN 6V>Y J :5
G>D5]S 2GAN 6ATT5D 6? PLANT4 ,NO D\BT !
/RAWB]RY _H ALW V>I$ S9CE X 0 CULTIVAT$1
B ! SLI<TE/ V>IETIES _H BE5 NEGLECT$4 ,Z
SOON1 H["E1 Z G>D5]S PICK$ \ 9DIVIDUAL
PLANTS ) SLI<TLY L>G]1 E>LI]1 OR BETT]
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! BE/ SE$L+S & BR$ F !M1 !N 7) "S AID
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V>IETIES (! /RAWB]RY 7 RAIS$ : H APPE>$
DUR+ ! LA/ HALF-C5TURY4
  ,) ANIMALS1 FACIL;Y 9 PREV5T+ CROSSES
IS AN IMPORTANT ELE;T 9 ! =M,N ( NEW
RACES1- AT L1/1 9 A C.TRY : IS ALR /OCK$
) O!R RACES4 ,9 ? RESPECT 5CLOSURE (! L&
PLAYS A "P4 ,W&]+ SAVAGES OR !
9HABITANTS ( OP5 PLA9S R>ELY POSSESS M
?AN "O BRE$ (! SAME SPECIES4 ,PIGEONS C
2 MAT$ = LIFE1 & ? IS A GRT 3V5I;E 6!
FANCI]1 = ?US _M RACES MAY 2 IMPROV$ &
KEPT TRUE1 ?\< M+L$ 9 ! SAME AVI>Y2 & ?
CIRCUM/.E M/ H L>GELY FAV\R$ ! =M,N (
NEW BRE$S4 ,PIGEONS1 ,I MAY ADD1 C 2
PROPAGAT$ 9 GRT NUMB]S & AT A V QK RATE1
& 9F]IOR BIRDS MAY 2 FREELY REJECT$1 Z
:5 KILL$ !Y S]VE = FOOD4 ,ON ! O!R H&1
CATS F _! NOCTURNAL RAMBL+ HABITS _C 2
EASILY MAT*$1 &1 AL? S M* VALU$ 0WOM5 &
*N1 WE R>ELY SEE A 4T9CT BRE$ L;G KEPT
UP2 S* BRE$S Z WE D "S"TS SEE >E ALM ALW
IMPORT$ F "S O!R C.TRY4 ,AL? ,I D N D\BT
T "S DOME/IC ANIMALS V>Y LESS ?AN O!RS1
YET ! R>;Y OR ABS;E ( 4T9CT BRE$S (!
CAT1 ! DONKEY1 P1COCK1 GOOSE1 &C41 MAY 2
ATTRIBUT$ 9 MA9 "P 6SELEC;N N HAV+ BE5
BR"\ 96PLAY3 9 CATS1 F ! DI6ICULTY 9
PAIR+ !M2 9 DONKEYS1 F ONLY A FEW 2+
KEPT 0POOR P1 & LL ATT5;N PD 6_! BRE$+2
= REC5TLY 9 C]TA9 "PS ( ,SPA9 &(! ,UNIT$
,/ATES ? ANIMAL HAS BE5 SURPRIS+LY
MODIFI$ & IMPROV$ 0C>E;L SELEC;N3 9
P1COCKS1 F N 2+ V EASILY RE>$ &A L>GE
/OCK N KEPT3 9 GEESE1 F 2+ VALUA# ONLY =
TWO PURPOSES1 FOOD & F1!RS1 & M ESPECI,Y
F NO PL1SURE HAV+ BE5 FELT 9 ! 4PLAY (
4T9CT BRE$S2 B ! GOOSE1 "U ! 3DI;NS 6: X
IS EXPOS$ :5 DOME/ICAT$ SEEMS 6H A
S+UL>LY 9FLEXI# ORGANIS,N1 ?\< X HAS
V>I$ 6A SLI<T EXT5T1 Z ,I H ELSE":
DESCRIB$4
  ,"S AU?ORS H MA9TA9$ T ! AM.T ( V>I,N
9 \R DOME/IC PRODUC;NS IS SOON R1*$1 & C
N"E AFWS 2 EXCE$$4 ,X WD 2 "S:AT RA%
6ASS]T T ! LIMIT HAS BE5 ATTA9$ 9 ANY "O
CASE2 = ALM ALL \R ANIMALS & PLANTS H
BE5 GRTLY IMPROV$ 9 _M WAYS )9 A REC5T
P]IOD2 & ? IMPLIES V>I,N4 ,X WD 2 EQU,Y
RA% 6ASS]T T "*S N[ 9CR1S$ 6_! UTMO/
LIMIT1 CD N1 AF REMA9+ FIX$ = _M
C5TURIES1 AG V>Y "U NEW 3DI;NS ( LIFE4
,NO D\BT1 Z ,MR4 ,WALLACE HAS REM>K$ )
M* TRU?1 A LIMIT W 2 AT LA/ R1*$4 ,=
9/.E1 "! M/ 2 A LIMIT 6! FLEET;S ( ANY
T]RE/RIAL ANIMAL1 Z ? W 2 DET]M9$ 0!
FRIC;N 6BE OV]COME1 ! WEI<T ( BODY 6BE
C>RI$1 &! P[] ( 3TRAC;N 9 ! MUSCUL>
FIBRES4 ,B :AT 3C]NS U IS T ! DOME/IC
V>IETIES (! SAME SPECIES DI6] F EA* O!R
9 ALM E "*1 : MAN HAS ATT5D$ 6& SELECT$1
M ?AN D ! 4T9CT SPECIES (! SAME G5]A4
,ISIDORE ,GE(FROY ,ST-,HILAIRE HAS PROV$
? 9 REG>D 6SIZE1 & S X IS ) COL\R &
PROBABLY )! L5G? ( HAIR4 ,) RESPECT
6FLEET;S1 : DEP5DS ON _M BODILY "*S1
,ECLIPSE 0 F> FLEET]1 &A DRAY-HORSE IS
9COMP>ABLY /R;G] ?AN ANY TWO NATURAL
SPECIES 2L;G+ 6! SAME G5US4 ,S ) PLANTS1
! SE$S (! DI6]5T V>IETIES (! B1N OR
MAIZE PROBABLY DI6] M 9 SIZE1 ?AN D !
SE$S (! 4T9CT SPECIES 9 ANY "O G5US 9 !
SAME TWO FAMILIES4 ,! SAME REM>K HOLDS
GD 9 REG>D 6! FRUIT (! S"EAL V>IETIES (!
PLUM1 & / M /R;GLY )! MELON1 Z WELL Z 9
_M O!R ANALOG\S CASES4
  ,6SUM UP ON ! ORIG9 ( \R DOME/IC RACES
( ANIMALS & PLANTS4 ,*ANG$ 3DI;NS ( LIFE
>E (! HI<E/ IMPORT.E 9 CAUS+ V>IABIL;Y1
BO? 0ACT+ DIRECTLY ON ! ORGANIS,N1 &
9DIRECTLY 0A6ECT+ ! REPRODUCTIVE SY/EM4
,X IS N PROBA# T V>IABIL;Y IS AN 9H]5T &
NEC 3T+5T1 "U ALL CIRCUM/.ES4 ,! GRT] OR
LESS =CE ( 9H]IT.E & REV].N1 DET]M9E
:E!R V>I,NS % 5DURE4 ,V>IABIL;Y IS
GOV]N$ 0_M UN"KN LAWS1 ( : CORRELAT$
GR[? IS PROBABLY ! MO/ IMPORTANT4 ,"S?+1
B H[ M* WE D N "K1 MAY 2 ATTRIBUT$ 6!
DEF9ITE AC;N (! 3DI;NS ( LIFE4 ,"S1 P]H
A GRT1 E6ECT MAY 2 ATTRIBUT$ 6! 9CR1S$
USE OR 4USE ( "PS4 ,! F9AL RESULT IS ?US
R5D]$ 9F9ITELY -PLEX4 ,9 "S CASES !
9T]CROSS+ ( ABORIG9,Y 4T9CT SPECIES
APPE>S 6H PLAY$ AN IMPORTANT "P 9 !
ORIG9 ( \R BRE$S4 ,:5 S"EAL BRE$S H ONCE
BE5 =M$ 9 ANY C.TRY1 _! O3A.NAL
9T]CROSS+1 )! AID ( SELEC;N1 HAS1 NO
D\BT1 L>GELY AID$ 9 ! =M,N ( NEW SUB-
BRE$S2 B ! IMPORT.E ( CROSS+ HAS BE5 M*
EXA7]AT$1 BO? 9 REG>D 6ANIMALS & 6^?
PLANTS : >E PROPAGAT$ 0SE$4 ,) PLANTS :
>E TEMPOR>ILY PROPAGAT$ 0CUTT+S1 BUDS1
&C41 ! IMPORT.E ( CROSS+ IS IMM5SE2 =!
CULTIVATOR MAY "H 4REG>D ! EXTREME
V>IABIL;Y BO? ( HYBRIDS &( M;GRELS1 &!
/]IL;Y ( HYBRIDS2 B PLANTS N PROPAGAT$
0SE$ >E ( LL IMPORT.E 6U1 = _! 5DUR.E IS
ONLY TEMPOR>Y4 ,OV] ALL ^! CAUSES (
,*ANGE1 ! A3UMULATIVE AC;N ( ,SELEC;N1
:E!R APPLI$ ME?ODIC,Y & QKLY1 OR
UNCONSCI\SLY & SL[LY B M E6ICI5TLY1
SEEMS 6H BE5 ! PREDOM9ANT ,P[]4
