            ,,*APT] ,,XVII4
     ,,SECOND>Y ,,SEXUAL ,,"*S ,,(
               ,,MAMMALS

  ,) MAMMALS ! MALE APPE>S 6W9 ! FEMALE
M* M "? ! LAW ( BATTLE ?AN "? ! 4PLAY (
8 *>MS4 ,! MO/ TIMID ANIMALS1 N PROVID$
) ANY SPECIAL W1PONS = FI<T+1 5GAGE 9
DESP]ATE 3FLICTS DUR+ ! S1SON ( LOVE4
,TWO MALE H>ES H BE5 SE5 6FI<T TGR UNTIL
"O 0 KILL$2 MALE MOLES (T5 FI<T1 & "S"TS
) FATAL RESULTS2 MALE SQUIRRELS 5GAGE 9
FREQU5T 3TE/S1 8& (T5 W.D EA* O!R
SEV]ELY02 Z D MALE B1V]S1 S T 8H>DLY A
SK9 IS )\T SC>S48 99 ,I OBS]V$ ! SAME
FACT )! HIDES (! GUANACOES 9 ,PATAGONIA2
& ON "O O3A.N S"EAL 7 S ABSORB$ 9 FI<T+
T !Y FE>.SLY RU%$ CLOSE 0ME4 ,LIV+/"O
SP1KS (! MALES (! _M ANIMALS 9 S\!RN
,AFRICA Z ALM 9V>IABLY %EW+ ! SC>S RCVD
9 =M] 3TE/S4
      --,SEE ,WAT]TON'S A3.T ( TWO H>ES
    FI<T+1 ,ZOOLOGI/1 VOL4 I41 #AHDC1 P4
    #BAA4 ,ON MOLES1 ,BELL1 ,HI/4 (
    ,BRITI% ,QUADRUP$S1 #A/ $41 P4 #AJJ4
    ,ON SQUIRRELS1 ,AUDUBON & ,BA*MAN1
    ,VIVIP>\S ,QUADRUP$S ( ,N4 ,AM]ICA1
    #AHDF1 P4 #BFI4 ,ON B1V]S1 ,MR4 ,A4
    ,H4 ,GRE51 9 ,J\RNAL ( ,L9N1N
    ,SOCIETY1 ,ZOOLOGY1 VOL4 X41 #AHFI1
    P4 #CFB4
  ,! LAW ( BATTLE PREVAILS ) AQUATIC Z )
T]RE/RIAL MAMMALS4 ,X IS NOTORI\S H[
DESP]ATELY MALE S1LS FI<T1 BO? ) _! TEE?
& CLAWS1 DUR+ ! BRE$+-S1SON2 & _! HIDES
>E LIKEWISE (T5 COV]$ ) SC>S4 ,MALE
SP]M-:ALES >E V J1L\S AT ? S1SON2 & 9 _!
BATTLES 8!Y (T5 LOCK _! JAWS TGR1 & TURN
ON _! SIDES & TWI/ AB02 S T _! L[] JAWS
(T5 2COME 4TORT$4 99
      --,ON ! BATTLES ( S1LS1 SEE ,CAPT4
    ,C4 ,A2OTT 9 ,PROC4 ,ZOOL4 ,SOC41
    #AHFH1 P4 #AIA2 ,MR4 ,R4 ,BR[N1
    IBID41 #AHFH1 P4 #DCF2 AL ,L4
    ,LLOYD1 ,GAME ,BIRDS ( ,SW$51 #AHFG1
    P4 #DAD2 AL ,P5NANT4 ,ON ! SP]M-:ALE
    SEE ,MR4 ,J4 ,H4 ,?OMPSON1 9 ,PROC4
    ,ZOOL4 ,SOC41 #AHFG1 P4 #BDF4
  ,ALL MALE ANIMALS : >E FURNI%$ )
SPECIAL W1PONS = FI<T+1 >E WELL "KN
65GAGE 9 FI]CE BATTLES4 ,! C\RAGE &!
DESP]ATE 3FLICTS ( /AGS H (T5 BE5
DESCRIB$2 _! SKELETONS H BE5 F.D 9 V>I\S
"PS (! _W1 )! HORNS 9EXTRICABLY LOCK$
TGR1 %EW+ H[ MIS]ABLY ! VICTOR &
VANQUI%$ _H P]I%$4 99 ,NO ANIMAL 9 ! _W
IS S DANG]\S Z AN ELEPHANT 9 8M/04 ,"L
,TANK]VILLE HAS GIV5 ME A GRAPHIC
DESCRIP;N (! BATTLES 2T ! WILD BULLS 9
,*ILL+HAM ,P>K1 ! DESC5DANTS1 DEG5]AT$ 9
SIZE B N 9 C\RAGE1 (! GIGANTIC ,BOS
PRIMIG5IUS4 ,9 #AHFA S"EAL 3T5D$ =
MA/]Y2 & X 0 OBS]V$ T TWO (! "Y] BULLS
ATTACK$ 9 3C]T ! OLD L1D] (! H]D1
OV]?REW & 4A#D HM1 S T HE 0 2LIEV$ 0!
KEEP]S 6BE LY+ MORT,Y W.D$ 9 A NEI<B\R+
WOOD4 ,B A FEW "DS AFWS "O (! "Y BULLS
APPROA*$ ! WOOD AL"O2 & !N ! 8MON>* (!
*ASE10 :O _H BE5 LA%+ HMF UP = V5GE.E1
CAME \ &1 9 A %ORT "T1 KILL$ 8
ANTAGONI/4 ,HE !N QUIETLY JO9$ ! H]D1 &
L;G HELD UNDISPUT$ SWAY4 ,ADMIRAL ,SIR
,B4 ,J4 ,SULIVAN 9=MS ME T1 :5 HE LIV$ 9
! ,FALKL& ,ISL&S1 HE IMPORT$ A "Y ,5GLI%
/ALLION1 : FREQU5T$ ! HILLS NE> ,PORT
,WILLIAM ) EI<T M>ES4 ,ON ^! HILLS "! 7
TWO WILD /ALLIONS1 EA* )A SMALL TROOP (
M>ES2 8& X IS C]TA9 T ^! /ALLIONS WD N"E
H APPROA*$ EA* O!R )\T FI<T+4 ,BO? _H
TRI$ S+LY 6FI<T ! ,5GLI% HORSE & DRIVE
AWAY 8 M>ES1 B _H FAIL$4 ,"O "D !Y CAME
9 TGR & ATTACK$ HM4 ,? 0 SE5 0! CAPTA9
:O _H *>GE (! HORSES1 & :O1 ON RID+ 6!
SPOT1 F.D "O (! TWO /ALLIONS 5GAG$ )!
,5GLI% HORSE1 :IL/ ! O!R 0 DRIV+ AWAY !
M>ES1 & _H ALR SEP>AT$ F\R F ! RE/4 ,!
CAPTA9 SETTL$ ! MATT] 0DRIV+ ! :OLE "PY
96A CORRAL1 =! WILD /ALLIONS WD N L1VE !
M>ES40
      --,SEE ,SCROPE 7,>T ( ,DE]-/ALK+1
    P4 #AG7 ON ! LOCK+ (! HORNS )!
    ,C]VUS ELAPHUS4 ,RI*>DSON1 9 ,FAUNA
    ,BOR4 ,AM]ICANA1 #AHBI1 P4 #BEB1
    SAYS T ! WAPITI1 MOOSE1 & RE9DE] H
    BE5 F.D ?US LOCK$ TGR4 ,SIR4 ,A4
    ,SMI? F.D AT ! ,CAPE ( ,GD ,HOPE !
    SKELETONS ( TWO GNUS 9 ! SAME 3DI;N4
      ,MALE ANIMALS : >E PROVID$ )
    E6ICI5T CUTT+ OR TE>+ TEE? =! ORD9>Y
    PURPOSES ( LIFE1 S* Z ! ,C>NIVORA1
    ,9SECTIVORA1 & ROD5TS1 >E SELDOM
    FURNI%$ ) W1PONS ESPECI,Y ADAPT$ =
    FI<T+ ) _! RIVALS4 ,! CASE IS V
    DI6]5T )! MALES ( _M O!R ANIMALS4
    ,WE SEE ? 9 ! HORNS ( /AGS &( C]TA9
    K9DS ( ANTELOPES 9 : ! FEMALES >E
    HORN.S4 ,) _M ANIMALS ! CAN9E TEE? 9
    ! UPP] OR L[] JAW1 OR 9 BO?1 >E M*
    L>G] 9 ! MALES ?AN 9 ! FEMALES1 OR
    >E ABS5T 9 ! LATT]1 )! EXCEP;N "S"TS
    (A HI45 RUDI;T4 ,C]TA9 ANTELOPES1 !
    MUSK-DE]1 CAMEL1 HORSE1 BO>1 V>I\S
    APES1 S1LS1 &! WALRUS1 (F] 9/.ES4 ,9
    ! FEMALES (! WALRUS ! TUSKS >E "S"TS
    Q ABS5T4 99 ,9 ! MALE ELEPHANT (
    ,9DIA & 9 ! MALE DUG;G 99 7#B7 !
    UPP] 9CISORS =M (F5SIVE W1PONS4 ,9 !
    MALE N>:AL ! LEFT CAN9E AL"O IS
    DEVELOP$ 96! WELL-"KN1 SPIR,Y-TWI/$1
    S-CALL$ HORN1 : IS "S"TS F N9E 6T5
    FEET 9 L5G?4 ,X IS 2LIEV$ T ! MALES
    USE ^! HORNS = FI<T+ TGR2 = 8AN
    UNBROK5 "O C R>ELY 2 GOT1 & O3A.N,Y
    "O MAY 2 F.D )! PO9T ( ANO!R JAMM$
    96! BROK5 PLACE48 997#C7 ,! TOO? ON
    ! OPPOSITE SIDE (! H1D 9 ! MALE
    3SI/S (A RUDI;T AB T5 9*ES 9 L5G?1 :
    IS EMB$D$ 9 ! JAW2 B "S"TS1 ?\<
    R>ELY1 BO? >E EQU,Y DEVELOP$ ON !
    TWO SIDES4 ,9 ! FEMALE BO? >E ALW
    RUDI;T>Y4 ,! MALE CA*ALOT HAS A L>G]
    H1D ?AN T (! FEMALE1 & X NO D\BT
    AIDS HM 9 8 AQUATIC BATTLES4 ,LA/LY1
    ! ADULT MALE ,ORNI?ORHYN*US IS
    PROVID$ )A REM>KA# APP>ATUS1 "NLY A
    SPUR ON ! =ELEG1 CLOSELY RESEMBL+ !
    POISON-FANG (A V5OM\S SNAKE2 B AC
    6,H>T+1 ! SECRE;N F ! GL& IS N
    POISON\S2 & ON ! LEG (! FEMALE "! IS
    A HOLL[1 APP>5TLY =! RECEP;N (!
    SPUR4 99 7#D7
      --,MR4 ,LAMONT 7,S1SONS )! ,SEA-
    ,HORSES1 #AHFA1 P4 #ADC7 SAYS T A GD
    TUSK (! MALE WALRUS WEI<S #D P.DS1 &
    IS L;G] ?AN T (! FEMALE1 : WEI<S AB
    #C P.DS4 ,! MALES >E DESCRIB$ Z
    FI<T+ F]OCI\SLY4 ,ON ! O3A.NAL ABS;E
    (! TUSKS 9 ! FEMALE1 SEE ,MR4 ,R4
    ,BR[N1 ,PROCE$+S1 ,ZOOLOGICAL
    ,SOCIETY1 #AHFH1 P4 #DBI4
      997#B7 ,[51 ,ANATOMY (
    ,V]TEBRATES1 VOL4 ;III41 P4 #BHC4
      997#C7 ,MR4 ,R4 ,BR[N1 9 ,PROC4
    ,ZOOL4 ,SOC41 #AHFI1 P4 #EEC4 ,SEE
    ,PR(4 ,TURN]1 9 ,J\RNAL ( ,ANAT4 &
    ,PHYS41 #AHGB1 P4 #GF1 ON !
    HOMOLOGICAL NATURE ( ^! TUSKS4 ,AL
    ,MR4 ;,J ,W4 ,CL>KE ON TWO TUSKS 2+
    DEVELOP$ 9 ! MALES1 9 ,PROCE$+S (!
    ,ZOOLOGICAL ,SOCIETY1 #AHGA1 P4 #DB4
      997#D7 ,[5 ON ! CA*ALOT &
    ,ORNI?ORHYN*US1 IBID41 VOL4 ;III41
    PP4 #FCH1 #FDA4 ,H>T+ IS QUOT$ 0,DR4
    ,Z\TEVE5 9 ! ,DUT* TRANSL,N ( ? "W1
    VOL4 ;II41 P4 #BIB4
  ,:5 ! MALES >E PROVID$ ) W1PONS : 9 !
FEMALES >E ABS5T1 "! C 2 H>DLY A D\BT T
^! S]VE = FI<T+ ) O!R MALES2 & T !Y 7
ACQUIR$ "? SEXUAL SELEC;N1 & 7
TRANSMITT$ 6! MALE SEX AL"O4 ,X IS N
PROBA#1 AT L1/ 9 MO/ CASES1 T ! FEMALES
H BE5 PREV5T$ F ACQUIR+ S* W1PONS1 ON
A3.T ( _! 2+ USE.S1 SUP]FLU\S1 OR 9 "S
WAY 9JURI\S4 ,ON ! 3TR>Y1 Z !Y >E (T5
US$ 0! MALES = V>I\S PURPOSES1 M
ESPECI,Y Z A DEF;E AG/ _! 5EMIES1 X IS A
SURPRIS+ FACT T !Y >E S POORLY DEVELOP$1
OR Q ABS5T1 9 ! FEMALES ( S _M ANIMALS4
,) FEMALE DE] ! DEVELOP;T DUR+ EA*
RECURR5T S1SON ( GRT BRAN*+ HORNS1 &)
FEMALE ELEPHANTS ! DEVELOP;T ( IMM5SE
TUSKS1 WD 2 A GRT WA/E ( VITAL P[]1
SUPPOS+ T !Y 7 ( NO USE 6! FEMALES4
,3SEQU5TLY1 !Y WD H T5D$ 6BE ELIM9AT$ 9
! FEMALE "? NATURAL SELEC;N2 T IS1 IF !
SU3ESSIVE V>I,NS 7 LIMIT$ 9 _!
TRANSMIS.N 6! FEMALE SEX1 = O!RWISE !
W1PONS (! MALES WD H BE5 9JURI\SLY
A6ECT$1 & ? WD H BE5 A GRT] EVIL4 ,ON !
:OLE1 & F ! 3SID],N (! FOLL[+ FACTS1 X
SEEMS PROBA# T :5 ! V>I\S W1PONS DI6] 9
! TWO SEXES1 ? HAS G5],Y DEP5D$ ON ! K9D
( TRANSMIS.N : HAS PREVAIL$4

,Z ! RE9DE] IS ! "O SPECIES 9 ! :OLE
  FAMILY ( DE]1 9 : ! FEMALE IS FURNI%$
  ) HORNS1 ?\< !Y >E "S:AT SMALL]1 ?9N]1
  & LESS BRAN*$ ?AN 9 ! MALE1 X MI<T
  NATUR,Y 2 ?"\ T1 AT L1/ 9 ? CASE1 !Y
  M/ 2 ( "S SPECIAL S]VICE 6H]4 ,!
  FEMALE RETA9S H] HORNS F ! "T :5 !Y >E
  FULLY DEVELOP$1 "NLY1 9 ,SEPTEMB]1
  "?\T ! W9T] UNTIL ,APRIL OR ,MAY1 :5
  %E BR+S =? H] "Y4 ,MR4 ,CROT* MADE
  "PICUL> 5QUIRIES = ME 9 ,NORWAY1 & X
  APPE>S T ! FEMALES AT ? S1SON 3C1L
  !MVS = AB A =TNI<T 9 ORD] 6BR+ =? _!
  "Y1 & !N REAPPE>1 G5],Y HORN.S4 ,9
  ,NOVA ,SCOTIA1 H["E1 Z ,I HE> F ,MR4
  ,H4 ,REEKS1 ! FEMALE "S"TS RETA9S H]
  HORNS L;G]4 ,! MALE ON ! O!R H& CA/S 8
  HORNS M* E>LI]1 T[>DS ! 5D ( ,NOVEMB]4
  ,Z BO? SEXES H ! SAME REQUIRE;TS &
  FOLL[ ! SAME HABITS ( LIFE1 & Z ! MALE
  IS DE/ITUTE ( HORNS DUR+ ! W9T]1 X IS
  IMPROBA# T !Y C 2 ( ANY SPECIAL S]VICE
  6! FEMALE DUR+ ? S1SON1 : 9CLUDES !
  L>G] "P (! "T DUR+ : %E IS HORN$4 ,NOR
  IS X PROBA# T %E C H 9H]IT$ HORNS F "S
  ANCI5T PROG5ITOR (! FAMILY ( DE]1 =1 F
  ! FACT (! FEMALES ( S _M SPECIES 9 ALL
  QU>T]S (! GLOBE N HAV+ HORNS1 WE MAY
  3CLUDE T ? 0 ! PRIMORDIAL "* (! GR\P4
  99

      --,ON ! /RUCTURE & %$D+ (! HORNS (
    ! RE9DE]1 ,H(FB]G1 ,AMAENITATES
    ,ACAD41 VOL4 ;IV41 #AGHH1 P4 #ADI4
    ,SEE ,RI*>DSON1 ,FAUNA ,BOR4
    ,AM]ICANA14 P4 #BDA1 9 REG>D 6!
    ,AM]ICAN V>IETY OR SPECIES3 AL
    ,MAJOR ,W4 ,ROSS ,K+1 ,! ,SPORTSMAN
    9 ,CANADA1 #AHFF1 P4 #HJ4
      ,! HORNS (! RE9DE] >E DEVELOP$ AT
    A MO/ UNUSU,Y E>LY AGE2 B :AT !
    CAUSE ( ? MAY 2 IS N "KN4 ,! E6ECT
    HAS APP>5TLY BE5 ! TRANSF];E (!
    HORNS 6BO? SEXES4 ,WE %D BE> 9 M9D T
    HORNS >E ALW TRANSMITT$ "? ! FEMALE1
    & T %E HAS A LAT5T CAPAC;Y = _!
    DEVELOP;T1 Z WE SEE 9 OLD OR 41S$
    FEMALES4 99 ,MOREOV] ! FEMALES ( "S
    O!R SPECIES ( DE] EXHIBIT1 EI NORM,Y
    OR O3A.N,Y1 RUDI;TS ( HORNS2 ?US !
    FEMALE ( ,C]VULUS MOS*ATUS HAS
    8BRI/LY TUFTS1 5D+ 9 A KNOB1 9/1D (A
    HORN02 & 8IN MO/ SPECIM5S (! FEMALE
    WAPITI 7,C]VUS CANAD5SIS7 "! IS A
    %>P BONY PROTUB].E 9 ! PLACE (!
    HORN48 997#B7 ,F ^! S"EAL 3SID],NS
    WE MAY 3CLUDE T ! POSSES.N ( FAIRLY
    WELL-DEVELOP$ HORNS 0! FEMALE
    RE9DE]1 IS DUE 6! MALES HAV+ F/
    ACQUIR$ !M Z W1PONS = FI<T+ ) O!R
    MALES2 & SECOND>ILY 6_! DEVELOP;T F
    "S UN"KN CAUSE AT AN UNUSU,Y E>LY
    AGE 9 ! MALES1 & _! 3SEQU5T
    TRANSF];E 6BO? SEXES4
      --,ISIDORE ,GE(FROY ,/-,HILAIRE1
    ,ESSAIS DE ,ZOOLOG4 ,G5]ALE1 #AHDA1
    P4 #EAC4 ,O!R MASCUL9E "*S1 2SS !
    HORNS1 >E "S"TS SIMIL>LY TRANSF]R$
    6! FEMALE2 ?US ,MR4 ,BON]1 9 SP1K+ (
    AN OLD FEMALE *AMOIS 7,*AMOIS ,HUNT+
    9 ! ,M.TA9S ( ,BAV>IA1 #AHFJ1 #BND
    $41 P4 #CFC71 SAYS1 8N ONLY 0 ! H1D
    V MALE-LOOK+1 B AL;G ! BACK "! 0 A
    RIDGE ( L;G HAIR1 USU,Y 6BE F.D ONLY
    9 BUCKS40
      997#B7 ,ON ! ,C]VULUS1 ,DR4 ,GRAY1
    ,CATALOGUE ( ,MAMMALIA 9 ! ,BRITI%
    ,MUSEUM1 "P ;III41 P4 #BBJ4 ,ON !
    ,C]VUS CANAD5SIS OR WAPITI1 SEE
    ,HON4 ,J4 ,D4 ,CATON1 ,OTTAWA
    ,ACADEMY ( ,NAT4 ,SCI;ES1 ,MAY1
    #AHFH1 P4 #I4
  ,TURN+ 6! %1?-HORN$ RUM9ANTS3 )
ANTELOPES A GRADUAT$ S]IES C 2 =M$1
2G9N+ ) SPECIES1 ! FEMALES ( : >E
-PLETELY DE/ITUTE ( HORNS- PASS+ ON 6^?
: H HORNS S SMALL Z 6BE ALM RUDI;T>Y 7Z
)! ,ANTILOCAPRA AM]ICANA1 9 : SPECIES !Y
>E PRES5T 9 ONLY "O \ ( F\R OR FIVE
FEMALES 99 7- 6^? : H FAIRLY DEVELOP$
HORNS1 B MANIFE/LY SMALL] & ?9N] ?AN 9 !
MALE & "S"TS (A DI6]5T %APE1 99 7#B7-
5D+ ) ^? 9 : BO? SEXES H HORNS ( EQUAL
SIZE4 ,Z )! RE9DE]1 S ) ANTELOPES1 "!
EXI/S1 Z PREVI\SLY %EWN1 A REL,N 2T !
P]IOD (! DEVELOP;T (! HORNS & _!
TRANSMIS.N 6"O OR BO? SEXES2 X IS "!=E
PROBA# T _! PRES;E OR ABS;E 9 ! FEMALES
( "S SPECIES1 & _! M OR LESS P]FECT
3DI;N 9 ! FEMALES ( O!R SPECIES1 DEP5DS1
N ON _! 2+ ( ANY SPECIAL USE1 B SIMPLY
ON 9H]IT.E4 ,X A3ORDS ) ? VIEW T EV5 9 !
SAME RE/RICT$ G5US BO? SEXES ( "S
SPECIES1 &! MALES AL"O ( O!RS1 >E ?US
PROVID$4 ,X IS AL A REM>KA# FACT T1 AL?
! FEMALES ( ,ANTILOPE 2ZO>TICA >E NORM,Y
DE/ITUTE ( HORNS1 ,MR4 ,BLY? HAS SE5 NO
LESS ?AN ?REE FEMALES ?US FURNI%$2 & "!
0 NO R1SON 6SUPPOSE T !Y 7 OLD OR 41S$4
      --,I AM 9DEBT$ 6,DR4 ,CANFIELD = ?
    9=M,N2 SEE AL 8 PAP] 9 ! ,PROCE$+S (
    ! ,ZOOLOGICAL ,SOCIETY1 #AHFF1 P4
    #AJE4
      997#B7 ,= 9/.E ! HORNS (! FEMALE
    ,ANT4 EU*ORE RESEM# ^? (A 4T9CT
    SPECIES1 VIZ4 ! ,ANT4 DORCAS V>4
    COR9E1 SEE ,DESM>E/1 ,MAMMALOGIE1 P4
    #DEE4
  ,9 ALL ! WILD SPECIES ( GOATS & %EEP !
HORNS >E L>G] 9 ! MALE ?AN 9 ! FEMALE1 &
>E "S"TS Q ABS5T 9 ! LATT]4 99 ,9 S"EAL
DOME/IC BRE$S ( ^! TWO ANIMALS1 ! MALES
AL"O >E FURNI%$ ) HORNS2 & 9 "S BRE$S1 =
9/.E1 9 ! %EEP ( ,NOR? ,WALES1 ?\< BO?
SEXES >E PROP]LY HORN$1 ! EWES >E V LIA#
6BE HORN.S4 ,I H BE5 9=M$ 0A TRU/WOR?Y
WIT;S1 :O PURPOSELY 9SPECT$ A FLOCK ( ^!
SAME %EEP DUR+ ! LAMB+ S1SON1 T ! HORNS
AT BIR? >E G5],Y M FULLY DEVELOP$ 9 !
MALE ?AN 9 ! FEMALE4 ,MR4 ,J4 ,PEEL
CROSS$ 8 ,LONK %EEP1 BO? SEXES ( : ALW
BE> HORNS1 ) HORN.S ,LEICE/]S & HORN.S
,%ROP%IRE ,D[NS2 &! RESULT 0 T ! MALE
(FSPR+ _H _! HORNS 3SID]ABLY REDUC$1
:IL/ ! FEMALES 7 :OLLY DE/ITUTE ( !M4
,^! S"EAL FACTS 9DICATE T1 ) %EEP1 !
HORNS >E A M* LESS FIRMLY FIX$ "* 9 !
FEMALES ?AN 9 ! MALES2 & ? L1DS U 6LOOK
AT ! HORNS Z PROP]LY ( MASCUL9E ORIG94
      --,GRAY1 ,CATALOGUE ( ,MAMMALIA1 !
    ,BRITI% ,MUSEUM1 "P ;III41 #AHEB1 P4
    #AFJ4
      ,)! ADULT MUSK-OX 7,OVIBOS
    MOS*ATUS7 ! HORNS (! MALE >E L>G]
    ?AN ^? (! FEMALE1 & 9 ! LATT] !
    BASES D N T\*4 99 ,9 REG>D 6ORD9>Y
    CATTLE ,MR4 ,BLY? REM>KS3 8,IN MO/ (
    ! WILD BOV9E ANIMALS ! HORNS >E BO?
    L;G] & ?ICK] 9 ! BULL ?AN 9 ! C[1 &
    9 ! C[-BANT5G 7,BOS SONDAICUS7 !
    HORNS >E REM>KABLY SMALL1 & 9CL9$ M*
    BACKW>DS4 ,9 ! DOME/IC RACES (
    CATTLE1 BO? (! HUMP$ & HUMP.S TYPES1
    ! HORNS >E %ORT & ?ICK 9 ! BULL1
    L;G] & M SL5D] 9 ! C[ & OX2 & 9 !
    ,9DIAN BU6ALO1 !Y >E %ORT] & ?ICK] 9
    ! BULL1 L;G] & M SL5D] 9 ! C[4 ,9 !
    WILD GA\R 7,B4 GAURUS7 ! HORNS >E
    MO/LY BO? L;G] & ?ICK] 9 ! BULL ?AN
    9 ! C[48 997#B7 ,DR4 ,=SY? ,MAJOR AL
    9=MS ME T A FOSSIL SKULL1 2LIEV$ 6BE
    T (! FEMALE ,BOS E/RUSCUS1 HAS BE5
    F.D 9 ,VAL D',>NO1 : IS :OLLY )\T
    HORNS4 ,9 ! ,RH9OC]OS SIMUS1 Z ,I
    MAY ADD1 ! HORNS (! FEMALE >E G5],Y
    L;G] B LESS P[];L ?AN 9 ! MALE2 & 9
    "S O!R SPECIES ( RH9OC]OS !Y >E SD
    6BE %ORT] 9 ! FEMALE4 99 7#C7 ,F ^!
    V>I\S FACTS WE MAY 9F] Z PROBA# T
    HORNS ( ALL K9DS1 EV5 :5 !Y >E EQU,Y
    DEVELOP$ 9 ! TWO SEXES1 7 PRIM>ILY
    ACQUIR$ 0! MALE 9 ORD] 63QU] O!R
    MALES1 & H BE5 TRANSF]R$ M OR LESS
    -PLETELY 6! FEMALE4
      --,RI*>DSON1 ,FAUNA ,BOR4
    ,AM]ICANA1 P4 #BGH4
      997#B7 ,L& & ,WAT]1 #AHFG1 P4
    #CDF4
      997#C7 ,SIR ,&REW ,SMI?1 ,ZOOLOGY
    ( ,S4 ,AFRICA1 PL4 ;XIX4 ,[51
    ,ANATOMY ( ,V]TEBRATES1 VOL4 ;III41
    P4 #FBD4
      ,! E6ECTS ( CA/R,N DES]VE NOTICE1
    Z ?R[+ LI<T ON ? SAME PO9T4 ,/AGS AF
    ! OP],N N"E RENEW _! HORNS4 ,! MALE
    RE9DE]1 H["E1 M/ 2 EXCEPT$1 Z AF
    CA/R,N HE DOES RENEW !M4 ,? FACT1 Z
    WELL Z ! POSSES.N ( HORNS 0BO?
    SEXES1 SEEMS AT F/ 6PROVE T ! HORNS
    9 ? SPECIES D N 3/ITUTE A SEXUAL "*2
    99 B Z !Y >E DEVELOP$ AT A V E>LY
    AGE1 2F ! SEXES DI6] 9 3/ITU;N1 X IS
    N SURPRIS+ T !Y %D 2 UNA6ECT$
    0CA/R,N1 EV5 IF !Y 7 ABORIG9,Y
    ACQUIR$ 0! MALE4 ,) %EEP BO? SEXES
    PROP]LY BE> HORNS2 & ,I AM 9=M$ T )
    ,WEL* %EEP ! HORNS (! MALES >E
    3SID]ABLY REDUC$ 0CA/R,N2 B ! DEGREE
    DEP5DS M* ON ! AGE AT : ! OP],N IS
    P]=M$1 Z IS LIKEWISE ! CASE ) O!R
    ANIMALS4 ,M]9O RAMS H L>GE HORNS1
    :IL/ ! EWES 8G5],Y SP1K+ >E )\T
    HORNS02 & 9 ? BRE$ CA/R,N SEEMS
    6PRODUCE A "S:AT GRT] E6ECT1 S T IF
    P]=M$ AT AN E>LY AGE ! HORNS 8REMA9
    ALM UNDEVELOP$48 997#B7
      --,? IS ! 3CLU.N ( ,SEIDLITZ1 ,DIE
    ,D>W9'S*E ,!ORIE1 #AHGA1 P4 #DG4
      997#B7 ,I AM M* OBLIG$ 6,PR(4
    ,VICTOR ,C>US1 = HAV+ MADE 5QUIRIES
    = ME 9 ,SAXONY ON ? SUBJECT4 ,H4 VON
    ,NA?USIUS 7,VIEHZU*T1 #AHGB1 P4 #FD7
    SAYS T ! HORNS ( %EEP CA/RAT$ AT AN
    E>LY P]IOD1 EI ALT 4APPE> OR REMA9 Z
    M]E RUDI;TS2 B ,I D N "K :E!R HE
    REF]S 6M]9OS OR 6ORD9>Y BRE$S4
  ,ON ! ,GU9EA COA/ "! IS A BRE$ 9 : !
FEMALES N"E BE> HORNS1 &1 Z ,MR4 ,W9WOOD
,R1DE 9=MS ME1 ! RAMS AF CA/R,N >E Q
DE/ITUTE ( !M4 ,) CATTLE1 ! HORNS (!
MALES >E M* ALT]$ 0CA/R,N2 = 9/1D ( 2+
%ORT & ?ICK1 !Y 2COME L;G] ?AN ^? (! C[1
B O!RWISE RESEM# !M4 ,! ,ANTILOPE
2ZO>TICA (F]S A "S:AT ANALOG\S CASE3 !
MALES H L;G /RAI<T SPIRAL HORNS1 NE>LY
P>ALLEL 6EA* O!R1 & DIRECT$ BACKW>DS2 !
FEMALES O3A.N,Y BE> HORNS1 B ^! :5
PRES5T >E (A V DI6]5T %APE1 = !Y >E N
SPIRAL1 & SPR1D+ WIDELY1 B5D R.D )!
PO9TS =W>DS4 ,N[ X IS A REM>KA# FACT T1
9 ! CA/RAT$ MALE1 Z ,MR4 ,BLY? 9=MS ME1
! HORNS >E (! SAME PECULI> %APE Z 9 !
FEMALE1 B L;G] & ?ICK]4 ,IF WE MAY JUDGE
F ANALOGY1 ! FEMALE PROBABLY %EWS U1 9
^! TWO CASES ( CATTLE &! ANTELOPE1 ! =M]
3DI;N (! HORNS 9 "S E>LY PROG5ITOR ( EA*
SPECIES4 ,B :Y CA/R,N %D L1D 6!
REAPPE>.E ( AN E>LY 3DI;N (! HORNS _C 2
EXPLA9$ ) ANY C]TA9TY4 ,N"E!.S1 X SEEMS
PROBA#1 T 9 NE>LY ! SAME MANN] Z !
3/ITU;NAL 4TURB.E 9 ! (FSPR+1 CAUS$ 0A
CROSS 2T TWO 4T9CT SPECIES OR RACES1 (T5
L1DS 6! REAPPE>.E ( L;G-LO/ "*S2 99 S
"H1 ! 4TURB.E 9 ! 3/ITU;N (! 9DIVIDUAL1
RESULT+ F CA/R,N1 PRODUCES ! SAME E6ECT4
      --,I H GIV5 V>I\S EXP]I;TS & O!R
    EVID;E PROV+ T ? IS ! CASE1 9 MY
    ,V>I,N ( ,ANIMALS & ,PLANTS "U
    ,DOME/IC,N1 VOL4 ;II41 #AHFH1 PP4
    #CI-DG4
  ,! TUSKS (! ELEPHANT1 9 ! DI6]5T
SPECIES OR RACES1 DI6] AC 6SEX1 NE>LY Z
D ! HORNS ( RUM9ANTS4 ,9 ,9DIA & ,MALA3A
! MALES AL"O >E PROVID$ ) WELL-DEVELOP$
TUSKS4 ,! ELEPHANT ( ,CEYLON IS 3SID]$
0MO/ NATURALI/S Z A 4T9CT RACE1 B 0"S Z
A 4T9CT SPECIES1 & "H 8N "O 9 A HUNDR$
IS F.D ) TUSKS1 ! FEW T POSSESS !M 2+
EXCLUSIVELY MALES48 99 ,! ,AFRICAN
ELEPHANT IS UND\BT$LY 4T9CT1 &! FEMALE
HAS L>GE WELL-DEVELOP$ TUSKS1 ?\< N S
L>GE Z ^? (! MALE4
      --,SIR ,J4 ,EM]SON ,T5N5T1
    ,CEYLON1 #AHEI1 VOL4 ;II41 P4 #BGD4
    ,= ,MALA3A1 ,J\RNAL ( ,9DIAN
    ,>*IPELAGO1 VOL4 ;IV41 P4 #CEG4
  ,^! DI6];ES 9 ! TUSKS (! S"EAL RACES &
SPECIES ( ELEPHANTS- ! GRT V>IABIL;Y (!
HORNS ( DE]1 Z NOTABLY 9 ! WILD RE9DE]-
! O3A.NAL PRES;E ( HORNS 9 ! FEMALE
,ANTILOPE 2ZO>TICA1 & _! FREQU5T ABS;E 9
! FEMALE ( ,ANTILOCAPRA AM]ICANA- !
PRES;E ( TWO TUSKS 9 "S FEW MALE N>:ALS-
! -PLETE ABS;E ( TUSKS 9 "S FEMALE
WALRUSES- >E ALL 9/.ES (! EXTREME
V>IABIL;Y ( SECOND>Y SEXUAL "*S1 &( _!
LIABIL;Y 6DI6] 9 CLOSELY-ALLI$ =MS4

,AL? TUSKS & HORNS APPE> 9 ALL CASES 6H
  BE5 PRIM>ILY DEVELOP$ Z SEXUAL W1PONS1
  !Y (T5 S]VE O!R PURPOSES4 ,! ELEPHANT
  USES 8 TUSKS 9 ATTACK+ ! TIG]2 AC
  6,BRUCE1 HE SCORES ! TRUNKS ( TREES
  UNTIL !Y C 2 ?R[N D[N EASILY1 & HE
  LIKEWISE ?US EXTRACTS ! F>9ACE\S CORES
  ( PALMS2 9 ,AFRICA HE (T5 USES "O
  TUSK1 ALW ! SAME1 6PROBE ! GR.D & ?US
  ASC]TA9 :E!R X W BE> 8 WEI<T4 ,! -MON
  BULL DEF5DS ! H]D ) 8 HORNS2 &! ELK 9
  ,SW$5 HAS BE5 "KN1 AC 6,LLOYD1 6/RIKE
  A WOLF D1D )A S+LE BL[ ( 8 GRT HORNS4
  ,_M SIMIL> FACTS CD 2 GIV54 ,"O (! MO/
  CURI\S SECOND>Y USES 6: ! HORNS ( AN
  ANIMAL MAY 2 O3A.N,Y PUT IS T OBS]V$
  0,CAPTA9 ,HUTTON 99 )! WILD GOAT
  7,CAPRA AEGAGRUS7 (! ,HIMALAYAS &1 Z X
  IS AL SD )! IBEX1 "NLY T :5 ! MALE
  A3ID5T,Y FALLS F A HEI<T HE B5DS 9W>DS
  8 H1D1 & 0ALI<T+ ON 8 MASSIVE HORNS1
  BR1KS ! %OCK4 ,! FEMALE _C ?US USE H]
  HORNS1 : >E SMALL]1 B F H] M QUIET
  4POSI;N %E DOES N NE$ ? /RANGE K9D (
  %IELD S M*4

      --,CALCUTTA ,J\RNAL ( ,NATURAL
    ,HI/ORY1 VOL4 ;II1 #AHDC1 P4 #EBF4
  ,EA* MALE ANIMAL USES 8 W1PONS 9 8 [N
PECULI> FA%ION4 ,! -MON RAM MAKES A *>GE
& BUTTS ) S* =CE )! BASES ( 8 HORNS1 T
,I H SE5 A P[];L MAN KNOCK$ OV] L A *4
,GOATS & C]TA9 SPECIES ( %EEP1 = 9/.E !
,OVIS CYCLOC]OS ( ,AF<ANI/AN1 99 RE> ON
_! H9D LEGS1 & !N N ONLY BUTT1 B 8MAKE A
CUT D[N &A J]K UP1 )! RI2$ FRONT ( _!
SCIMIT>-%AP$ HORN1 Z )A SABRE4 ,:5 ! ,O4
CYCLOC]OS ATTACK$ A L>GE DOME/IC RAM1 :O
0 A NOT$ BRUIS]1 HE 3QU]$ HM 0! %E]
NOVELTY ( 8 MODE ( FI<T+1 ALW CLOS+ AT
ONCE ) 8 ADV]S>Y1 & CAT*+ HM ACR ! FACE
& NOSE )A %>P DRAW+ J]K (! H1D1 & !N
B.D+ \ (! WAY 2F ! BL[ CD 2 RETURN$40 ,9
,PEMBROKE%IRE A MALE GOAT1 ! MA/] (A
FLOCK : DUR+ S"EAL G5],NS _H RUN WILD1 0
"KN 6H KILL$ S"EAL MALES 9 S+LE -BAT2 ?
GOAT POSSESS$ ENORM\S HORNS1 M1SUR+
?IRTY-N9E 9*ES 9 A /RAI<T L9E F TIP
6TIP4 ,! -MON BULL1 Z E "O "KS1 GORES &
TOSSES 8 OPPON5T2 B ! ,ITALIAN BU6ALO IS
SD N"E 6USE 8 HORNS3 HE GIVES A TREM5D\S
BL[ ) 8 3VEX =EH1D1 & !N TRAMPLES ON 8
FALL5 5EMY ) 8 KNEES- AN 9/9CT : ! -MON
BULL DOES N POSSESS4 99 7#B7 ,H;E A DOG
:O P9S A BU6ALO 0! NOSE IS IMMLY CRU%$4
,WE M/1 H["E1 REMEMB] T ! ,ITALIAN
BU6ALO HAS BE5 L;G DOME/ICAT$1 & X IS
0NO M1NS C]TA9 T ! WILD P>5T-=M _H
SIMIL> HORNS4 ,MR4 ,B>TLETT 9=MS ME T :5
A FEMALE ,CAPE BU6ALO 7,BUBALUS CA6]7 0
TURN$ 96AN 5CLOSURE )A BULL (! SAME
SPECIES1 %E ATTACK$ HM1 & HE 9 RETURN
PU%$ H] AB ) GRT VIOL;E4 ,B X 0 MANIFE/
6,MR4 ,B>TLETT T1 _H N ! BULL %EWN
DIGNIFI$ =BE>.E1 HE CD EASILY H KILL$ H]
0A S+LE LAT]AL ?RU/ ) 8 IMM5SE HORNS4 ,!
GIRA6E USES 8 %ORT1 HAIR-COV]$ HORNS1 :
>E R L;G] 9 ! MALE ?AN 9 ! FEMALE1 9 A
CURI\S MANN]2 =1 ) 8 L;G NECK HE SW+S 8
H1D 6EI SIDE1 ALM UPSIDE D[N1 ) S* =CE T
,I H SE5 A H>D PLANK DEEPLY 9D5T$ 0A
S+LE BL[4
      --,MR4 ,BLY?1 9 ,L& & ,WAT]1 ,M>*1
    #AHFG1 P4 #ACD1 ON ! AU?OR;Y (
    ,CAPT4 ,HUTTON & O!RS4 ,=! WILD
    ,PEMBROKE%IRE GOATS1 SEE ! ,FIELD1
    #AHFI1 P4 #AEJ4
      997#B7 ,M4 ,E4 ,M4 ,BAILLY1 8,SUR
    L',USAGE DES CORNES10 &C41 ,ANNAL
    DES ,SCI;ES ,NAT41 TOM4 ;II41 #AHBD1
    P4 #CFI4
  ,) ANTELOPES X IS "S"TS DI6ICULT
6IMAG9E H[ !Y C POSSIBLY USE _!
CURI\SLY-%AP$ HORNS2 ?US ! SPR+BOC
7,ANT4 EU*ORE7 HAS R %ORT UP"R HORNS1 )!
%>P PO9TS B5T 9W>DS ALM AT "R ANGLES1 S
Z 6FACE EA* O!R2 ,MR4 ,B>TLETT DOES N "K
H[ !Y >E US$1 B SU7E/S T !Y WD 9FLICT A
FE>;L W.D D[N EA* SIDE (! FACE ( AN
ANTAGONI/4 ,! SLI<TLY-CURV$ HORNS (!
,ORYX LEUCORYX 7SEE FIG4 #FC7 >E DIRECT$
BACKW>DS1 & >E ( S* L5G? T _! PO9TS R1*
2Y ! MI4LE (! BACK1 OV] : !Y EXT5D 9 ALM
P>ALLEL L9ES4 ,?US !Y SEEM S+UL>LY ILL-
FITT$ = FI<T+2 B ,MR4 ,B>TLETT 9=MS ME T
:5 TWO ( ^! ANIMALS PREP>E = BATTLE1 !Y
KNEEL D[N1 ) _! B1DS 2T _! =ELEGS1 & 9 ?
ATTITUDE ! HORNS /& NE>LY P>ALLEL &
CLOSE 6! GR.D1 )! PO9TS DIRECT$ =W>DS &A
LL UPW>DS4 ,! -BATANTS !N GRADU,Y
APPROA* EA* O!R1 & EA* 5D1V\RS 6GET !
UPTURN$ PO9TS "U ! BODY (! O!R2 IF "O
SU3E$S 9 DO+ ?1 HE SU45LY SPR+S UP1 ?R[+
UP 8 H1D AT ! SAME "T1 & C ?US W.D OR
P]H EV5 TRANSFIX 8 ANTAGONI/4 ,BO?
ANIMALS ALW KNEEL D[N1 S Z 6GU>D Z F> Z
POSSI# AG/ ? MANOEUVRE4 ,X HAS BE5
RECORD$ T "O ( ^! ANTELOPES HAS US$ 8
HORN ) E6ECT EV5 AG/ A LION2 YET F 2+
=C$ 6PLACE 8 H1D 2T ! =E LEGS 9 ORD]
6BR+ ! PO9TS (! HORNS =W>D1 HE WD G5],Y
2 "U A GRT 4ADVANTAGE :5 ATTACK$ 0ANY
O!R ANIMAL4 ,X IS1 "!=E1 N PROBA# T !
HORNS H BE5 MODIFI$ 96_! PRES5T GRT L5G?
& PECULI> POSI;N1 Z A PROTEC;N AG/ B1/S
( PREY4 ,WE C H["E SEE T1 Z SOON Z "S
ANCI5T MALE PROG5ITOR (! ,ORYX ACQUIR$
MOD]ATELY L;G HORNS1 DIRECT$ A LL
BACKW>DS1 HE WD 2 -PELL$1 9 8 BATTLES )
RIVAL MALES1 6B5D 8 H1D "S:AT 9W>DS OR
D[NW>DS1 Z IS N[ D"O 0C]TA9 /AGS2 & X IS
N IMPROBA# T HE MI<T H ACQUIR$ ! HABIT (
AT F/ O3A.N,Y & AFWS ( REGUL>LY KNEEL+
D[N4 ,9 ? CASE X IS ALM C]TA9 T ! MALES
: POSSESS$ ! L;GE/ HORNS WD H _H A GRT
ADVANTAGE OV] O!RS ) %ORT] HORNS2 & !N !
HORNS WD GRADU,Y H BE5 R5D]$ L;G] &
L;G]1 "? SEXUAL SELEC;N1 UNTIL !Y
ACQUIR$ _! PRES5T EXTRAORD9>Y L5G? &
POSI;N4
  ,) /AGS ( _M K9DS ! BRAN*ES (! HORNS
(F] A CURI\S CASE ( DI6ICULTY2 = C]TA9LY
A S+LE /RAI<T PO9T WD 9FLICT A M* M
S]I\S W.D ?AN S"EAL DIV]G+ "OS4 ,9 ,SIR
,PHILIP ,EG]TON'S MUSEUM "! IS A HORN (!
R$-DE] 7,C]VUS ELAPHUS71 ?IRTY 9*ES 9
L5G?1 ) 8N FEW] ?AN FIFTE5 SNAGS OR
BRAN*ES02 & AT ,MORITZBURG "! IS /
PRES]V$ A PAIR ( ANTL]S (A R$-DE]1 %OT 9
#AFII 0,FR$]ICK ,I1 "O ( : BE>S !
A/ONI%+ NUMB] ( ?IRTY-?REE BRAN*ES &!
O!R TW5TY-SEV51 MAK+ ALT SIXTY BRAN*ES4
,RI*>DSON FIGURES A PAIR ( ANTL]S (!
WILD RE9DE] ) TW5TY-N9E PO9TS4 99 ,F !
MANN] 9 : ! HORNS >E BRAN*$1 & M
ESPECI,Y F DE] 2+ "KN O3A.N,Y 6FI<T TGR
0KICK+ ) _! =E FEET1 99 7#B7 ,M4 ,BAILLY
ACTU,Y -ES 6! 3CLU.N T _! HORNS >E M
9JURI\S ?AN USE;L 6!M4 ,B ? AU?OR
OV]LOOKS ! PIT*$ BATTLES 2T RIVAL MALES4
,Z ,I FELT M* P]PLEX$ AB ! USE OR
ADVANTAGE (! BRAN*ES1 ,I APPLI$ 6,MR4
,MC,NEILL ( ,COLONSAY1 :O HAS L;G &
C>E;LLY OBS]V$ ! HABITS ( R$-DE]1 & HE
9=MS ME T HE HAS N"E SE5 "S (! BRAN*ES
BR"\ 96USE1 B T ! BR[ ANTL]S1 F 9CL9+
D[NW>DS1 >E A GRT PROTEC;N 6! =EH1D1 &
_! PO9TS >E LIKEWISE US$ 9 ATTACK4 ,SIR
,PHILIP ,EG]TON AL 9=MS ME BO? Z 6R$-DE]
& FALL[-DE] T1 9 FI<T+1 !Y SU45LY DA%
TGR1 & GETT+ _! HORNS FIX$ AG/ EA* O!R'S
BODIES1 A DESP]ATE /RU7LE 5SUES4 ,:5 "O
IS AT LA/ =C$ 6YIELD & TURN R.D1 !
VICTOR 5D1V\RS 6PLUNGE 8 BR[ ANTL]S
96HIS DEF1T$ FOE4 ,X ?US APPE>S T ! UPP]
BRAN*ES >E US$ *IEFLY OR EXCLUSIVELY =
PU%+ & F5C+4 ,N"E!.S 9 "S SPECIES ! UPP]
BRAN*ES >E US$ Z W1PONS ( (F;E2 :5 A MAN
0 ATTACK$ 0A WAPITI DE] 7,C]VUS
CANAD5SIS7 9 ,JUDGE ,CATON'S P>K 9
,OTTAWA1 & S"EAL M5 TRI$ 6RESCUE HM1 !
/AG 8N"E RAIS$ 8 H1D F ! GR.D2 9 FACT HE
KEPT 8 FACE ALM FLAT ON ! GR.D1 ) 8 NOSE
NE>LY 2T 8 =E FEET1 EXCEPT :5 HE ROLL$ 8
H1D 6"O SIDE 6TAKE A NEW OBS]V,N
PREP>ATORY 6A PLUNGE40 ,9 ? POSI;N ! 5DS
(! HORNS 7 DIRECT$ AG/ 8 ADV]S>IES4 8,IN
ROLL+ 8 H1D HE NECESS>ILY RAIS$ X "S:AT1
2C 8 ANTL]S 7 S L;G T HE CD N ROLL 8 H1D
)\T RAIS+ !M ON "O SIDE1 :ILE1 ON ! O!R
SIDE !Y T\*$ ! GR.D40 ,! /AG 0? PROC$URE
GRADU,Y DROVE ! "PY ( RESCU]S BACKW>DS
6A 4T.E ( #AEJ OR #BJJ FEET2 &! ATTACK$
MAN 0 KILL$4 99 7#C7
      --,ON ! HORNS ( R$-DE]1 ,[51
    ,BRITI% ,FOSSIL ,MAMMALS1 #AHDF1 P4
    #DGH2 ,RI*>DSON ON ! HORNS (!
    RE9DE]1 ,FAUNA ,BOR4 ,AM]ICANA1
    #AHBI1 P4 #BDJ4 ,I AM 9DEBT$ 6,PR(4
    ,VICTOR ,C>US1 =! ,MORITZBURG CASE4
      997#B7 ,HON4 ,J4 ;,D ,CATON
    7,OTTAWA ,ACAD4 ( ,NAT4 ,SCI;E1
    ,MAY1 #AHFH1 P4 #I7 SAYS T !
    ,AM]ICAN DE] FI<T ) _! =E FEET1 AF
    8! "Q ( SUP]IOR;Y HAS BE5 ONCE
    SETTL$ & AC"KL$G$ 9 ! H]D40 ,BAILLY1
    8,SUR L',USAGE DES CORNES10 ,ANNALES
    DES ,SCI;ES ,NAT41 TOM4 ;II41 #AHBD1
    P4 #CGA4
      997#C7 ,SEE A MO/ 9T]E/+ A3.T 9 !
    ,APP5DIX 6,HON4 ,J4 ,D4 ,CATON'S
    PAP]1 Z ABV QUOT$4
  ,AL? ! HORNS ( /AGS >E E6ICI5T W1PONS1
"! C1 ,I ?9K1 2 NO D\BT T A S+LE PO9T WD
H BE5 M* M DANG]\S ?AN A BRAN*$ ANTL]2 &
,JUDGE ,CATON1 :O HAS _H L>GE EXP]I;E )
DE]1 FULLY 3CURS 9 ? 3CLU.N4 ,NOR D !
BRAN*+ HORNS1 ?\< HI<LY IMPORTANT Z A
M1NS ( DEF;E AG/ RIVAL /AGS1 APPE>
P]FECTLY WELL ADAPT$ = ? PURPOSE1 Z !Y
>E LIA# 62COME 9T]LOCK$4 ,! SUSPICION
HAS "!=E CROSS$ MY M9D T !Y MAY S]VE 9
"P Z ORNA;TS4 ,T ! BRAN*$ ANTL]S ( /AGS
Z WELL Z ! ELEGANT LYRAT$ HORNS ( C]TA9
ANTELOPES1 ) _! GRACE;L D\# CURVATURE
7SEE FIG4 #FD71 >E ORNA;TAL 9 \R EYES1
NO "O W 4PUTE4 ,IF1 !N1 ! HORNS1 L !
SPL5DID A3\TRE;TS (! KNI<TS ( OLD1 ADD
6! NO# APPE>.E ( /AGS & ANTELOPES1 !Y
MAY H BE5 MODIFI$ "PLY = ? PURPOSE1 ?\<
MA9LY = ACTUAL S]VICE 9 BATTLE2 B ,I H
NO EVID;E 9 FAV\R ( ? 2LIEF4

,AN 9T]E/+ CASE HAS LATELY BE5 PUBLI%$1
  F : X APPE>S T ! HORNS (A DE] 9 "O
  4TRICT 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES >E N[ 2+
  MODIFI$ "? SEXUAL & NATURAL SELEC;N4
  ,A WRIT] 9 AN EXCELL5T ,AM]ICAN J\RNAL
  99 SAYS T HE HAS HUNT$ =! LA/ TW5TY-"O
  YE>S 9 ! ,ADIRONDACKS1 ": ! ,C]VUS
  VIRG9IANUS AB.DS4 ,AB F\RTE5 YE>S AGO
  HE F/ HE>D ( SPIKE-HORN BUCKS4 ,^!
  2CAME F YE> 6YE> M -MON2 AB FIVE YE>S
  AGO HE %OT "O1 & AFWS ANO!R1 & N[ !Y
  >E FREQU5TLY KILL$4 8,! SPIKE-HORN
  DI6]S GRTLY F ! -MON ANTL] (! ,C4
  VIRG9IANUS4 ,X 3SI/S (A S+LE SPIKE1 M
  SL5D] ?AN ! ANTL]1 & SC>CELY HALF S
  L;G1 PROJECT+ =W>D F ! BR[1 & T]M9AT+
  9 A V %>P PO9T4 ,X GIVES A 3SID]A#
  ADVANTAGE 6XS POSSESSOR OV] ! -MON
  BUCK4 ,2SS 5ABL+ HM 6RUN M SWIFTLY "?
  ! ?ICK WOODS & "UBRU% 7E HUNT] "KS T
  DOES & YE>L+ BUCKS RUN M* M RAPIDLY
  ?AN ! L>GE BUCKS :5 >M$ ) _! CUMBR\S
  ANTL]S71 ! SPIKE-HORN IS A M E6ECTIVE
  W1PON ?AN ! -MON ANTL]4 ,) ? ADVANTAGE
  ! SPIKE-HORN BUCKS >E GA9+ ^U ! -MON
  BUCKS1 & MAY1 9 "T1 5TIRELY SUP]S$E !M
  9 ! ,ADIRONDACKS4 ,UND\BT$LY1 ! F/
  SPIKE-HORN BUCK 0 M]ELY AN A3ID5TAL
  FR1K ( NATURE4 ,B 8 SPIKE-HORNS GAVE
  HM AN ADVANTAGE1 & 5A#D HM 6PROPAGATE
  8 PECULI>;Y4 ,8 DESC5DANTS HAV+ A L
  ADVANTAGE1 H PROPAGAT$ ! PECULI>;Y 9 A
  3/ANTLY 9CR1S+ RATIO1 TILL !Y >E SL[LY
  CR[D+ ! ANTL]$ DE] F ! REGION !Y
  9HABIT40 ,A CRITIC HAS WELL OBJECT$ 6?
  A3.T 0ASK+1 :Y1 IF ! SIMPLE HORNS >E
  N[ S ADVANTAGE\S1 7 ! BRAN*$ ANTL]S (!
  P>5T-=M "E DEVELOP$8 ,6? ,I C ONLY
  ANSW] 0REM>K+1 T A NEW MODE ( ATTACK )
  NEW W1PONS MI<T 2 A GRT ADVANTAGE1 Z
  %EWN 0! CASE (! ,OVIS CYCLOC]OS1 :O
  ?US 3QU]$ A DOME/IC RAM FAM\S = 8
  FI<T+ P[]4 ,?\< ! BRAN*$ ANTL]S (A /AG
  >E WELL ADAPT$ = FI<T+ ) 8 RIVALS1 &
  ?\< X MI<T 2 AN ADVANTAGE 6! PR;G-
  HORN$ V>IETY SL[LY 6ACQUIRE L;G &
  BRAN*$ HORNS1 IF HE _H 6FI<T ONLY )
  O!RS (! SAME K9D1 YET X 0NO M1NS
  FOLL[S T BRAN*$ HORNS WD 2 ! BE/ FITT$
  = 3QU]+ A FOE DI6]5TLY >M$4 ,9 ! =EGO+
  CASE (! ,ORYX LEUCORYX1 X IS ALM C]TA9
  T ! VICTORY WD RE/ ) AN ANTELOPE HAV+
  %ORT HORNS1 & :O "!=E DID N NE$ 6KNEEL
  D[N1 ?\< AN ,ORYX MI<T PR(IT 0HAV+ /
  L;G] HORNS1 IF HE F"\ ONLY ) 8 PROP]
  RIVALS4

      --,! ,AM]ICAN ,NATURALI/1 ,DEC41
    #AHFI1 P4 #EEB4
      ,MALE QUADRUP$S1 : >E FURNI%$ )
    TUSKS1 USE !M 9 V>I\S WAYS1 Z 9 !
    CASE ( HORNS4 ,! BO> /RIKES LAT],Y &
    UPW>DS2 ! MUSK-DE] D[NW>DS ) S]I\S
    E6ECT4 99 ,! WALRUS1 ?\< HAV+ S %ORT
    A NECK & S UNWIELDY A BODY1 8C /RIKE
    EI UPW>DS1 OR D[NW>DS1 OR SIDEWAYS1
    ) EQUAL DEXT];Y48 997#B7 ,I 0 9=M$
    0! LATE ,DR4 ,FALCON]1 T ! ,9DIAN
    ELEPHANT FI<TS 9 A DI6]5T MANN] AC
    6! POSI;N & CURVATURE ( 8 TUSKS4 ,:5
    !Y >E DIRECT$ =W>DS & UPW>DS HE IS
    A# 6FL+ A TIG] 6A GRT 4T.E- X IS SD
    6EV5 ?IRTY FEET2 :5 !Y >E %ORT &
    TURN$ D[NW>DS HE 5D1V\RS SU45LY 6P9
    ! TIG] 6! GR.D &1 9 3SEQU;E1 IS
    DANG]\S 6! RID]1 :O IS LIA# 6BE J]K$
    (F ! H[DAH4 99 7#C7
      --,PALLAS ,SPICILEGIA ,ZOOLOGICA1
    FASC4 ;XIII41 #AGGI1 P4 #AH4
      997#B7 ,LAMONT1 ,S1SONS )! ,SEA-
    ,HORSES1 #AHFA1 P4 #ADA4
      997#C7 ,SEE AL ,CORSE
    7,PHILOSOPHICAL ,TRANSAC;NS1 #AGII1
    P4 #BAB7 ON ! MANN] 9 : ! %ORT-TUSK$
    ,MOOKNAH V>IETY ATTACKS O!R
    ELEPHANTS4
  ,V FEW MALE QUADRUP$S POSSESS W1PONS (
TWO 4T9CT K9DS SPECI,Y ADAPT$ = FI<T+ )
RIVAL MALES4 ,! MALE MUNTJAC-DE]
7,C]VULUS71 H["E1 (F]S AN EXCEP;N1 Z HE
IS PROVID$ ) HORNS & EXS]T$ CAN9E TEE?4
,B WE MAY 9F] F :AT FOLL[S T "O =M (
W1PON HAS (T5 BE5 REPLAC$ 9 ! C\RSE (
AGES 0ANO!R4 ,) RUM9ANTS ! DEVELOP;T (
HORNS G5],Y /&S 9 AN 9V]SE REL,N ) T (
EV5 MOD]ATELY DEVELOP$ CAN9E TEE?4 ,?US
CAMELS1 GUANACOES1 *EVROTA9S1 & MUSK-
DE]1 >E HORN.S1 & !Y H E6ICI5T CAN9ES2
^! TEE? 2+ 8ALW ( SMALL] SIZE 9 !
FEMALES ?AN 9 ! MALES40 ,! ,CAMELIDAE H1
9 A4I;N 6_! TRUE CAN9ES1 A PAIR ( CAN9E-
%AP$ 9CISORS 9 _! UPP] JAWS4 99 ,MALE
DE] & ANTELOPES1 ON ! O!R H&1 POSSESS
HORNS1 & !Y R>ELY H CAN9E TEE?2 & ^!1 :5
PRES5T1 >E ALW ( SMALL SIZE1 S T X IS
D\BT;L :E!R !Y >E ( ANY S]VICE 9 _!
BATTLES4 ,9 ,ANTILOPE MONTANA !Y EXI/
ONLY Z RUDI;TS 9 ! "Y MALE1 4APPE>+ Z HE
GR[S OLD2 & !Y >E ABS5T 9 ! FEMALE AT
ALL AGES2 B ! FEMALES ( C]TA9 O!R
ANTELOPES &( C]TA9 DE] H BE5 "KN O3A.N,Y
6EXHIBIT RUDI;TS ( ^! TEE?4 99 7#B7
,/ALLIONS H SMALL CAN9E TEE?1 : >E EI Q
ABS5T OR RUDI;T>Y 9 ! M>E2 B !Y D N
APPE> 6BE US$ 9 FI<T+1 = /ALLIONS BITE )
_! 9CISORS1 & D N OP5 _! M\?S WIDE L
CAMELS & GUANACOES4 ,:5"E ! ADULT MALE
POSSESSES CAN9ES1 N[ 9E6ICI5T1 :IL/ !
FEMALE HAS EI N"O OR M]E RUDI;TS1 WE MAY
3CLUDE T ! E>LY MALE PROG5ITOR (!
SPECIES 0 PROVID$ ) E6ICI5T CAN9ES1 : H
BE5 "PI,Y TRANSF]R$ 6! FEMALES4 ,!
REDUC;N ( ^! TEE? 9 ! MALES SEEMS 6H
FOLL[$ F "S *ANGE 9 _! MANN] ( FI<T+1
(T5 7B N 9 ! HORSE7 CAUS$ 0! DEVELOP;T (
NEW W1PONS4
      --,[51 ,ANATOMY ( ,V]TEBRATES1
    VOL4 ;III41 P4 #CDI4
      997#B7 ,SEE ,RUPPELL 7IN ,PROC4
    ,ZOOLOG4 ,SOC41 ,JAN4 #AB1 #AHCF1 P4
    #C7 ON ! CAN9ES 9 DE] & ANTELOPES1 )
    A NOTE1 0,MR4 ,M>T9 ON A FEMALE
    ,AM]ICAN DE]4 ,SEE AL ,FALCON]
    7,PALAEONT4 ,MEMOIRS & ,NOTES1 VOL4
    I41 #AHFH1 P4 #EGF7 ON CAN9ES 9 AN
    ADULT FEMALE DE]4 ,9 OLD MALES (!
    MUSK-DE] ! CAN9ES 7,PALLAS1 ,SPIC4
    ,ZOOLOG41 FASC4 ;XIII41 #AGGI1 P4
    #AH7 "S"TS GR[ 6! L5G? ( ?REE 9*ES1
    :IL/ 9 OLD FEMALES A RUDI;T PROJECTS
    SC>CELY HALF AN 9* ABV ! GUMS4
      ,TUSKS & HORNS >E MANIFE/LY ( HI<
    IMPORT.E 6_! POSSESSORS1 = _!
    DEVELOP;T 3SUMES M* ORGANIS$ MATT]4
    ,A S+LE TUSK (! ,ASIATIC ELEPHANT-
    "O (! EXT9CT WOOLLY SPECIES- &(!
    ,AFRICAN ELEPHANT1 H BE5 "KN 6WEI<
    RESPECTIVELY #AEJ1 #AFJ1 & #AHJ
    P.DS2 & EV5 GRT] WEI<TS H BE5 GIV5
    0"S AU?ORS4 99 ,) DE]1 9 : ! HORNS
    >E P]IODIC,Y RENEW$1 ! DRA9 ON !
    3/ITU;N M/ 2 GRT]2 ! HORNS1 = 9/.E1
    (! MOOSE WEI< F FIFTY 6SIXTY P.DS1 &
    ^? (! EXT9CT ,IRI% ELK F SIXTY
    6SEV5TY P.DS- ! SKULL (! LATT] WEI<+
    ON AN AV]AGE ONLY FIVE P.DS &A
    QU>T]4 ,AL? ! HORNS >E N P]IODIC,Y
    RENEW$ 9 %EEP1 YET _! DEVELOP;T1 9 !
    OP9ION ( _M AGRICULTURI/S1 5TAILS A
    S5SI# LOSS 6! BRE$]4 ,/AGS1 MOREOV]1
    9 ESCAP+ F B1/S ( PREY >E LOAD$ ) AN
    A4I;NAL WEI<T =! RACE1 & >E GRTLY
    RET>D$ 9 PASS+ "? A WOODY C.TRY4 ,!
    MOOSE1 = 9/.E1 ) HORNS EXT5D+ FIVE &
    A HALF FEET F TIP 6TIP1 AL? S SKIL;L
    9 _! USE T HE W N T\* OR BR1K A TWIG
    :5 WALK+ QUIETLY1 _C ACT S DEXT]\SLY
    :IL/ RU%+ AWAY F A PACK ( WOLVES4
    8,DUR+ 8 PROGRESS HE HOLDS 8 NOSE
    UP1 S Z 6LAY ! HORNS HORIZONT,Y
    BACK2 & 9 ? ATTITUDE _C SEE ! GR.D
    4T9CTLY48 997#B7 ,! TIPS (! HORNS (!
    GRT ,IRI% ELK 7 ACTU,Y EI<T FEET
    A"P6 ,:IL/ ! HORNS >E COV]$ )
    VELVET1 : LA/S ) R$-DE] = AB TWELVE
    WEEKS1 !Y >E EXTREMELY S5SITIVE 6A
    BL[2 S T 9 ,G]_M ! /AGS AT ? "T
    "S:AT *ANGE _! HABITS1 & AVOID+ D5SE
    =E/S1 FREQU5T "Y WOODS & L[
    ?ICKETS4997#C7 ,^! FACTS REM9D U T
    MALE BIRDS H ACQUIR$ ORNA;TAL PLUMES
    AT ! CO/ ( RET>D$ FLI<T1 & O!R
    ORNA;TS AT ! CO/ ( "S LOSS ( P[] 9
    _! BATTLES ) RIVAL MALES4
      --,EM]SON ,T5N5T1 ,CEYLON1 #AHEI1
    VOL4 ;II41 P4 #BGE2 ,[51 ,BRITI%
    ,FOSSIL ,MAMMALS1 #AHDF1 P4 #BDE4
      997#B7 ,RI*>DSON1 ,FAUNA ,BOR4
    ,AM]ICANA1 ON ! MOOSE1 ,ALCES
    PALMATA1 PP4 #BCF1 #BCG2 ON !
    EXPANSE (! HORNS1 ,L& & ,WAT]1
    #AHFI1 P4 #ADC4 ,SEE AL ,[51 ,BRITI%
    ,FOSSIL ,MAMMALS1 ON ! ,IRI% ELK1
    PP4 #DDG1 #DEE4
      997#C7 ,=E/ ,CR1TURES1 BY ;,C4
    ,BON]1 #AHFA1 P4 #FJ4
  ,) MAMMALS1 :51 Z IS (T5 ! CASE1 !
SEXES DI6] 9 SIZE1 ! MALES >E ALM ALW
L>G] & /R;G]4 ,I AM 9=M$ 0,MR4 ,G\LD T ?
HOLDS GD 9 A M>K$ MANN] )! M>SUPIALS (
,AU/RALIA1 ! MALES ( : APPE> 63T9UE GR[+
UNTIL AN UNUSU,Y LATE AGE4 ,B ! MO/
EXTRAORD9>Y CASE IS T ( "O (! S1LS
7,CALLORH9US URS9US71 A FULL-GR[N FEMALE
WEI<+ LESS ?AN "O-SIX? (A FULL-GR[N
MALE4 99 ,DR4 ,GILL REM>KS T X IS )!
POLYGAM\S S1LS1 ! MALES ( : >E WELL "KN
6FI<T SAVAGELY TGR1 T ! SEXES DI6] M* 9
SIZE2 ! MONOGAM\S SPECIES DI6]+ B LL4
,:ALES AL AF=D EVID;E (! REL,N EXI/+ 2T
! PUGNAC;Y (! MALES & _! L>GE SIZE -P>$
) T (! FEMALE2 ! MALES (! "R-:ALES D N
FI<T TGR1 & !Y >E N L>G]1 B R SMALL]1
?AN _! FEMALES2 ON ! O!R H&1 MALE SP]M-
:ALES FI<T M* TGR1 & _! BODIES >E 8(T5
F.D SC>R$ )! IMPR9T ( _! RIVAL'S TEE?10
& !Y >E D\# ! SIZE (! FEMALES4 ,! GRT]
/R5G? (! MALE1 Z ,HUNT] L;G AGO
REM>K$1997#B7 IS 9V>IABLY 4PLAY$ 9 ^?
"PS (! BODY : >E BR"\ 96AC;N 9 FI<T+ )
RIVAL MALES- = 9/.E1 9 ! MASSIVE NECK (!
BULL4 ,MALE QUADRUP$S >E AL M C\RAGE\S &
PUGNACI\S ?AN ! FEMALES4 ,"! C 2 LL D\BT
T ^! "*S H BE5 GA9$1 "PLY "? SEXUAL
SELEC;N1 [+ 6A L;G S]IES ( VICTORIES1 0!
/R;G] & M C\RAGE\S MALES OV] ! W1K]1 &
"PLY "? ! 9H]IT$ E6ECTS ( USE4 ,X IS
PROBA# T ! SU3ESSIVE V>I,NS 9 /R5G?1
SIZE1 & C\RAGE1 :E!R DUE 6M]E V>IABIL;Y
OR 6! E6ECTS ( USE1 0! A3UMUL,N ( : MALE
QUADRUP$S H ACQUIR$ ^! "*I/IC QUALITIES1
O3URR$ R LATE 9 LIFE1 & 7 3SEQU5TLY 6A
L>GE EXT5T LIMIT$ 9 _! TRANSMIS.N 6!
SAME SEX4
      --,SEE ! V 9T]E/+ PAP] 0,MR4 ,J4
    ,A4 ,ALL5 9 ,BULL4 ,MUS4 ,-P4
    ,ZOOLOGY ( ,CAMBRIDGE1 ,UNIT$
    ,/ATES1 VOL4 ;II41 ,NO4 #A1 P4 #HB4
    ,! WEI<TS 7 ASC]TA9$ 0A C>E;L
    OBS]V]1 ,CAPT4 ,BRYANT4 ,DR4 ,GILL 9
    ,! ,AM]ICAN ,NATURALI/1 ,JANU>Y1
    #AHGA1 ,PR(4 ,%AL] ON ! RELATIVE
    SIZE (! SEXES ( :ALES1 ,AM]ICAN
    ,NATURALI/1 ,JANU>Y1 #AHGC4
      997#B7 ,ANIMAL ,ECONOMY1 P4 #DE4
  ,F ^! 3SID],NS ,I 0 ANXI\S 6OBTA9
9=M,N Z 6! ,SCOT* DE]-H.D1 ! SEXES ( :
DI6] M 9 SIZE ?AN ^? ( ANY O!R BRE$ 7?\<
BLOOD-H.DS DI6] 3SID]ABLY71 OR ?AN 9 ANY
WILD CAN9E SPECIES "KN 6ME4 ,ACLY1 ,I
APPLI$ 6,MR4 ,CUPPLES1 WELL "KN = 8
SU3ESS ) ? BRE$1 :O HAS ) GRT K9D;S
COLLECT$ = ME ! FOLL[+ FACTS F V>I\S
S\RCES4 ,F9E MALE DOGS1 M1SUR$ AT !
%\LD]1 RANGE F #BH 9*ES1 : IS L[1 6#CC
OR EV5 #CD 9*ES 9 HEI<T2 & 9 WEI<T F #HJ
P.DS1 : IS LI<T1 6#ABJ P.DS1 OR EV5 M4
,! FEMALES RANGE 9 HEI<T F #BC 6#BG1 OR
EV5 6#BH 9*ES2 & 9 WEI<T F #EJ 6#GJ1 OR
EV5 #HJ P.DS4 99 ,MR4 ,CUPPLES 3CLUDES T
F #IE 6#AJJ P.DS =! MALE1 & #GJ =!
FEMALE1 WD 2 A SAFE AV]AGE2 B "! IS
R1SON 62LIEVE T =M]LY BO? SEXES ATTA9$ A
GRT] WEI<T4 ,MR4 ,CUPPLES HAS WEI<$
PUPPIES :5 A =TNI<T OLD2 9 "O LITT] !
AV]AGE WEI<T ( F\R MALES EXCE$$ T ( TWO
FEMALES 0SIX &A HALF \NCES2 9 ANO!R
LITT] ! AV]AGE WEI<T ( F\R MALES EXCE$$
T ( "O FEMALE 0LESS ?AN "O \NCE2 ! SAME
MALES :5 ?REE WEEKS OLD1 EXCE$$ ! FEMALE
0SEV5 &A HALF \NCES1 & AT ! AGE ( SIX
WEEKS 0NE>LY F\RTE5 \NCES4 ,MR4 ,W"R (
,YELD]SLEY ,H\SE1 9 A LR 6,MR4 ,CUPPLES1
SAYS3 8,I H TAK5 NOTES ON ! SIZES &
WEI<TS ( PUPPIES ( _M LITT]S1 & Z F> Z
MY EXP]I;E GOES1 DOG-PUPPIES Z A RULE
DI6] V LL F BIT*ES TILL !Y >RIVE AT AB
FIVE OR SIX MON?S OLD2 & !N ! DOGS 2G9
69CR1SE1 GA9+ ^U ! BIT*ES BO? 9 WEI<T &
SIZE4 ,AT BIR?1 &= S"EAL WEEKS AFWS1 A
BIT*-PUPPY W O3A.N,Y 2 L>G] ?AN ANY (!
DOGS1 B !Y >E 9V>IABLY B1T5 0!M LAT]40
,MR4 ,MC,NEILL1 ( ,COLONSAY1 3CLUDES T
8! MALES D N ATTA9 _! FULL GR[? TILL OV]
TWO YE>S OLD1 ?\< ! FEMALES ATTA9 X
SOON]40 ,AC 6,MR4 ,CUPPLES' EXP]I;E1
MALE DOGS G ON GR[+ 9 /ATURE TILL !Y >E
F TWELVE 6EI<TE5 MON?S OLD1 & 9 WEI<T
TILL F EI<TE5 6TW5TY-F\R MON?S OLD2 :IL/
! FEMALES C1SE 9CR1S+ 9 /ATURE AT ! AGE
( F N9E 6F\RTE5 OR FIFTE5 MON?S1 & 9
WEI<T AT ! AGE ( F TWELVE 6FIFTE5 MON?S4
,F ^! V>I\S /ATE;TS X IS CLE> T ! FULL
DI6];E 9 SIZE 2T ! MALE & FEMALE ,SCOT*
DE]-H.D IS N ACQUIR$ UNTIL R LATE 9
LIFE4 ,! MALES ALM EXCLUSIVELY >E US$ =
C\RS+1 =1 Z ,MR4 ,MC,NEILL 9=MS ME1 !
FEMALES H N SU6ICI5T /R5G? & WEI<T 6PULL
D[N A FULL-GR[N DE]4 ,F ! "NS US$ 9 OLD
LEG5DS1 X APPE>S1 Z ,I HE> F ,MR4
,CUPPLES1 T1 AT A V ANCI5T P]IOD1 !
MALES 7 ! MO/ CELEBRAT$1 ! FEMALES 2+
M5;N$ ONLY Z ! "MS ( FAM\S DOGS4 ,H;E1
DUR+ _M G5],NS1 X IS ! MALE : HAS BE5
*IEFLY TE/$ = /R5G?1 SIZE1 SPE$1 &
C\RAGE1 &! BE/ W H BE5 BR$ F4 ,Z1 H["E1
! MALES D N ATTA9 _! FULL DIM5.NS UNTIL
R LATE 9 LIFE1 !Y W H T5D$1 9 A3ORD.E )!
LAW (T5 9DICAT$1 6TRANSMIT _! "*S 6_!
MALE (FSPR+ AL"O2 & ?US ! GRT 9EQUAL;Y 9
SIZE 2T ! SEXES (! ,SCOT* DE]-H.D MAY
PROBABLY 2 A3.T$ =4
      --,SEE AL ,RI*>DSON'S ,MANUAL ON !
    ,DOG1 P4 #EI4 ,M* VALUA# 9=M,N ON !
    ,SCOTTI% DE]-H.D IS GIV5 0,MR4
    ,MC,NEILL1 :O F/ CALL$ ATT5;N 6!
    9EQUAL;Y 9 SIZE 2T ! SEXES1 9
    ,SCROPE'S ,>T ( ,DE]-,/ALK+4 ,I HOPE
    T ,MR4 ,CUPPLES W KEEP 6HIS 9T5;N (
    PUBLI%+ A FULL A3.T & HI/ORY ( ?
    FAM\S BRE$4
  ,! MALES ( "S FEW QUADRUP$S POSSESS
ORGANS OR "PS DEVELOP$ SOLELY Z A M1NS (
DEF;E AG/ ! ATTACKS ( O!R MALES4 ,"S
K9DS ( DE] USE1 Z WE H SE51 ! UPP]
BRAN*ES ( _! HORNS *IEFLY OR EXCLUSIVELY
= DEF5D+ !MVS2 &! ,ORYX ANTELOPE1 Z ,I
AM 9=M$ 0,MR4 ,B>TLETT1 F;ES MO/
SKIL;LLY ) 8 L;G1 G5TLY CURV$ HORNS2 B
^! >E LIKEWISE US$ Z ORGANS ( (F;E4 ,!
SAME OBS]V] REM>KS T RH9OC]OSES 9 FI<T+1
P>RY EA* O!R'S SIDEL;G BL[S ) _! HORNS1
: CLATT] L\DLY TGR1 Z D ! TUSKS ( BO>S4
,AL? WILD BO>S FI<T DESP]ATELY1 !Y
SELDOM1 AC 6,BREHM1 RCV FATAL W.DS1 Z !
BL[S FALL ON EA* O!R'S TUSKS1 OR ON !
LAY] ( GRI/LY SK9 COV]+ ! %\LD]1 CALL$
0! ,G]MAN HUNT]S1 ! %IELD2 & "H WE H A
"P SPECI,Y MODIFI$ = DEF;E4 ,) BO>S 9 !
PRIME ( LIFE 7SEE FIG4 #FE7 ! TUSKS 9 !
L[] JAW >E US$ = FI<T+1 B !Y 2COME 9 OLD
AGE1 Z ,BREHM /ATES1 S M* CURV$ 9W>DS &
UPW>DS OV] ! SN\T T !Y C NO L;G] 2 US$ 9
? WAY4 ,!Y MAY1 H["E1 / S]VE1 & EV5 M
E6ECTIVELY1 Z A M1NS ( DEF;E4 ,9 -P5S,N
=! LOSS (! L[] TUSKS Z W1PONS ( (F;E1 ^?
9 ! UPP] JAW1 : ALW PROJECT A LL LAT],Y1
9CR1SE 9 OLD AGE S M* 9 L5G? & CURVE S
M* UPW>DS T !Y C 2 US$ = ATTACK4
,N"E!.S1 AN OLD BO> IS N S DANG]\S 6MAN
Z "O AT ! AGE ( SIX OR SEV5 YE>S4 99
      --,BREHM1 ,?I]LEB51 ,B4 ;II41 SS4
    #GBI-CB4
  ,9 ! FULL-GR[N MALE ,BABIRUSA PIG (
,CELEBES 7SEE FIG4 #FF71 ! L[] TUSKS >E
=MIDA# W1PONS1 L ^? (! ,EUROP1N BO> 9 !
PRIME ( LIFE1 :IL/ ! UPP] TUSKS >E S L;G
& H _! PO9TS S M* CURL$ 9W>DS1 "S"TS EV5
T\*+ ! =EH1D1 T !Y >E UTT]LY USE.S Z
W1PONS ( ATTACK4 ,!Y M NE>LY RESEM#
HORNS ?AN TEE?1 & >E S MANIFE/LY USE.S Z
TEE? T ! ANIMAL 0 =M]LY SUPPOS$ 6RE/ 8
H1D 0HOOK+ !M ON 6A BRAN*6 ,_! 3VEX
SURFACES1 H["E1 IF ! H1D 7 HELD A LL
LAT],Y1 WD S]VE Z AN EXCELL5T GU>D2 &
H;E1 P]H1 X IS T 9 OLD ANIMALS !Y 8>E
G5],Y BROK5 (F1 Z IF 0FI<T+48 99 ,"H1
!N1 WE H ! CURI\S CASE (! UPP] TUSKS (!
,BABIRUSA REGUL>LY ASSUM+ DUR+ ! PRIME (
LIFE A /RUCTURE : APP>5TLY R5D]S !M
FITT$ ONLY = DEF;E2 :IL/ 9 ! ,EUROP1N
BO> ! L[] TUSKS ASSUME 9 A LESS DEGREE &
ONLY DUR+ OLD AGE NE>LY ! SAME =M1 & !N
S]VE 9 L MANN] SOLELY = DEF;E4
      --,SEE ,MR4 ,WALLACE'S 9T]E/+ A3.T
    ( ? ANIMAL1 ,! ,MALAY ,>*IPELAGO1
    #AHFI1 VOL4 I41 P4 #DCE4
  ,9 ! W>T-HOG 7SEE ,PHACO*O]US
AE?IOPICUS1 FIG4 #FG7 ! TUSKS 9 ! UPP]
JAW (! MALE CURVE UPW>DS DUR+ ! PRIME (
LIFE1 & F 2+ PO9T$ S]VE Z =MIDA# W1PONS4
,! TUSKS 9 ! L[] JAW >E %>P] ?AN ^? 9 !
UPP]1 B F _! %ORT;S X SEEMS H>DLY POSSI#
T !Y C 2 US$ Z W1PONS ( ATTACK4 ,!Y M/1
H["E1 GRTLY /R5G!N ^? 9 ! UPP] JAW1 F 2+
GR.D S Z 6FIT CLOSELY AG/ _! BASES4 ,NEI
! UPP] NOR ! L[] TUSKS APPE> 6H BE5
SPECI,Y MODIFI$ 6ACT Z GU>DS1 ?\< NO
D\BT !Y >E 6A C]TA9 EXT5T US$ = ?
PURPOSE4 ,B ! W>T-HOG IS N DE/ITUTE (
O!R SPECIAL M1NS ( PROTEC;N1 = X HAS1 ON
EA* SIDE (! FACE1 2N ! EYES1 A R /IFF1
YET FLEXI#1 C>TILAG9\S1 OBL;G PAD 7SEE
FIG4 #FG71 : PROJECTS TWO OR ?REE 9*ES
\TW>DS2 & X APPE>$ 6,MR4 ,B>TLETT & MYF1
:5 VIEW+ ! LIV+ ANIMAL1 T ^! PADS1 :5
/RUCK F 2N 0! TUSKS ( AN OPPON5T1 WD 2
TURN$ UPW>DS1 & WD ?US ADMIRABLY PROTECT
! "S:AT PROM95T EYES4 ,I MAY ADD1 ON !
AU?OR;Y ( ,MR4 ,B>TLETT1 T ^! BO>S :5
FI<T+ /& DIRECTLY FACE 6FACE4
  ,LA/LY1 ! ,AFRICAN RIV]-HOG
7,POTOMO*O]US P5ICILLATUS7 HAS A H>D
C>TILAG9\S KNOB ON EA* SIDE (! FACE 2N !
EYES1 : ANSW]S 6! FLEXI# PAD (! W>T-HOG2
X HAS AL TWO BONY PROM9;ES ON ! UPP] JAW
ABV ! NO/RILS4 ,A BO> ( ? SPECIES 9 !
,ZOOLOGICAL ,G>D5S REC5TLY BROKE 96!
CAGE (! W>T-HOG4 ,!Y F"\ ALL NI<T L;G1 &
7 F.D 9 ! MORN+ M* EXHAU/$1 B N S]I\SLY
W.D$4 ,X IS A SIGNIFICANT FACT1 Z %EW+ !
PURPOSES (! ABV-DESCRIB$ PROJEC;NS &
EXCRESC;ES1 T ^! 7 COV]$ ) BLOOD1 & 7
SCOR$ & ABRAD$ 9 AN EXTRAORD9>Y MANN]4

,AL? ! MALES ( S _M MEMB]S (! PIG FAMILY
  >E PROVID$ ) W1PONS1 & Z WE H J SE5 )
  M1NS ( DEF;E1 ^! W1PONS SEEM 6H BE5
  ACQUIR$ )9 A R LATE GEOLOGICAL P]IOD4
  ,DR4 ,=SY? ,MAJOR SPECIFIES 99 S"EAL
  MIOC5E SPECIES1 9 N"O ( : D ! TUSKS
  APPE> 6H BE5 L>GELY DEVELOP$ 9 !
  MALES2 & ,PROFESSOR ,RU"TY] 0 =M]LY
  /RUCK ) ? SAME FACT4

      --,ATTI DELLA ,SOC4 ,ITALIANA DI
    ,SC4 ,NAT41 #AHGC1 VOL4 ;XV4 FASC4
    ;IV4
  ,! MANE (! LION =MS A GD DEF;E AG/ !
ATTACKS ( RIVAL LIONS1 ! "O DANG] 6: HE
IS LIA#2 =! MALES1 Z ,SIR ,A4 ,SMI? 9=MS
ME1 5GAGE 9 T]RI# BATTLES1 &A "Y LION
D>ES N APPROA* AN OLD "O4 ,9 #AHEG A
TIG] AT ,BROMWI* BROKE 96! CAGE (A LION
&A FE>;L SC5E 5SU$3 8! LION'S MANE SAV$
8 NECK & H1D F 2+ M* 9JUR$1 B ! TIG] AT
LA/ SU3E$$ 9 RIPP+ UP 8 BELLY1 & 9 A FEW
M9UTES HE 0 D1D48 99 ,! BROAD RUFF R.D !
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