                ,BOOK ,I
                   #A
  ,WE H N[ 4CUSS$ ! O!R "PS ( ANIMALS1
BO? G5],Y &) REF];E 6! PECULI>ITIES (
EA* K9D1 EXPLA9+ H[ EA* "P EXI/S ON A3.T
( S* A CAUSE1 & ,I M1N 0? ! F9AL CAUSE4
  ,"! >E F\R CAUSES "ULY+ "EY?+3 F/1 !
F9AL CAUSE1 T =! SAKE ( : A ?+ EXI/S2
SECONDLY1 ! =MAL CAUSE1 ! DEF9I;N ( XS
ESS;E 7& ^! TWO WE MAY REG>D PRETTY M* Z
"O &! SAME72 ?IRDLY1 ! MAT]IAL2 &
F\R?LY1 ! MOV+ PR9CIPLE OR E6ICI5T
CAUSE4
  ,WE H !N ALR 4CUSS$ ! O!R ?REE CAUSES1
=! DEF9I;N &! F9AL CAUSE >E ! SAME1 &!
MAT]IAL ( ANIMALS IS _! "PS (! :OLE
ANIMAL ! NON-HOMOG5E\S "PS1 ( ^! AG !
HOMOG5E\S1 &( ^! LA/ ! S-CALL$ ELE;TS (
ALL MATT]4 ,X REMA9S 6SP1K ( ^? "PS :
3TRIBUTE 6! G5],N ( ANIMALS &( : NO?+
DEF9ITE HAS YET BE5 SD1 & 6EXPLA9 :AT IS
! MOV+ OR E6ICI5T CAUSE4 ,69QUIRE 96?
LA/ & 69QUIRE 96! G5],N ( EA* ANIMAL IS
9 A WAY ! SAME ?+2 &1 "!=E1 MY PLAN HAS
UNIT$ !M TGR1 >RANG+ ! 4CUS.N ( ^! "PS
LA/1 &! 2G9N+ (! "Q ( G5],N NEXT 6!M4
  ,N[ "S ANIMALS -E 962+ F ! UNION (
MALE & FEMALE1 I4E4 ALL ^? K9DS ( ANIMAL
: POSSESS ! TWO SEXES4 ,? IS N ! CASE )
ALL ( !M2 ?\< 9 ! SANGU9EA ) FEW
EXCEP;NS ! CR1TURE1 :5 XS GR[? IS
-PLETE1 IS EI MALE OR FEMALE1 & ?\< "S
BLOOD.S ANIMALS H SEXES S T !Y G5]ATE
(FSPR+ (! SAME K9D1 YET O!R BLOOD.S
ANIMALS G5]ATE 9DE$1 B N (FSPR+ (! SAME
K9D2 S* >E ALL T -E 962+ N F A UNION (!
SEXES1 B F DECAY+ E>? & EXCRE;TS4 ,6SP1K
G5],Y1 IF WE TAKE ALL ANIMALS : *ANGE _!
LOCAL;Y1 "S 0SWIMM+1 O!RS 0FLY+1 O!RS
0WALK+1 WE F9D 9 ^! ! TWO SEXES1 N ONLY
9 ! SANGU9EA B AL 9 "S (! BLOOD.S
ANIMALS2 & ? APPLIES 9 ! CASE (! LATT]
"S"TS 6! :OLE CLASS1 Z ! CEPHALOPODA &
CRU/ACEA1 B 9 ! CLASS ( 9SECTS ONLY 6!
MAJOR;Y4 ,( ^!1 ALL : >E PRODUC$ 0UNION
( ANIMALS (! SAME K9D G5]ATE AL AF _!
K9D1 B ALL : >E N PRODUC$ 0ANIMALS1 B F
DECAY+ MATT]1 G5]ATE 9DE$1 B PRODUCE
ANO!R K9D1 &! (FSPR+ IS NEI MALE NOR
FEMALE2 S* >E "S (! 9SECTS4 ,? IS :AT
MI<T H BE5 EXPECT$1 = IF ^? ANIMALS : >E
N PRODUC$ 0P>5TS _H !MVS UNIT$ & PRODUC$
O!RS1 !N _! (FSPR+ M/ H BE5 EI L OR
UNLIKE 6!MVS4 ,IF L1 !N _! P>5TS "\ 6H
-E 962+ 9 ! SAME WAY2 ? IS ONLY A
R1SONA# PO/ULATE 6MAKE1 = X IS PLA9LY !
CASE ) O!R ANIMALS4 ,IF UNLIKE1 & YET A#
6COPULATE1 !N "! WD H -E 962+ AG F !M
ANO!R K9D ( CR1TURE & AG ANO!R F ^!1 & ?
WD H G"O ON 69F9;Y4 ,B ,NATURE FLIES F !
9F9ITE1 =! 9F9ITE IS UN5D+ OR IMP]FECT1
& ,NATURE "E SEEKS AN 5D4
  ,B ALL ^? CR1TURES : D N MOVE1 Z !
TE/ACEA & ANIMALS T LIVE 0CL++ 6"S?+
ELSE1 9ASM* Z _! NATURE RESEM#S T (
PLANTS1 H NO SEX ANY M ?AN PLANTS H1 B Z
APPLI$ 6!M ! ^W IS ONLY US$ 9 VIRTUE (A
SIMIL>;Y & ANALOGY4 ,= "! IS A SLI<T
4T9C;N ( ? SORT1 S9CE EV5 9 PLANTS WE
F9D 9 ! SAME K9D "S TREES : BE> FRUIT &
O!RS :1 :ILE BE>+ N"O !MVS1 YET 3TRIBUTE
6! RIP5+ (! FRUITS ( ^? : D1 Z 9 ! CASE
(! FIG-TREE & CAPRIFIG4
  ,! SAME HOLDS GD AL 9 PLANTS1 "S -+
962+ F SE$ & O!RS1 Z X W]E1 0!
SPONTANE\S AC;N ( ,NATURE1 >IS+ EI F
DECOMPOSI;N (! E>? OR ( "S "PS 9 O!R
PLANTS1 = "S >E N =M$ 0!MVS SEP>ATELY B
>E PRODUC$ ^U O!R TREES1 Z ! MI/LETOE4
,PLANTS1 H["E1 M/ 2 9VE/IGAT$ SEP>ATELY4

                   #B
  ,(! G5],N ( ANIMALS WE M/ SP1K Z V>I\S
"QS >ISE 9 ORD] 9 ! CASE ( EA*1 & WE M/
3NECT \R A3.T ) :AT HAS BE5 SD4 ,=1 Z WE
SD ABV1 ! MALE & FEMALE PR9CIPLES MAY 2
PUT D[N F/ & =EMO/ Z ORIG9S ( G5],N1 !
=M] Z 3TA9+ ! E6ICI5T CAUSE ( G5],N1 !
LATT] ! MAT]IAL ( X4 ,! MO/ 3CLUSIVE
PRO( ( ? IS DRAWN F 3SID]+ H[ & :;E -ES
! SEM52 = "! IS NO D\BT T X IS \ ( ? T
^? CR1TURES >E =M$ : >E PRODUC$ 9 !
ORD9>Y C\RSE ( ,NATURE2 B WE M/ OBS]VE
C>E;LLY ! WAY 9 : ? SEM5 ACTU,Y -ES 962+
F ! MALE & FEMALE4 ,= X IS J 2C ! SEM5
IS SECRET$ F ! TWO SEXES1 ! SECRE;N TAK+
PLACE 9 !M & F !M1 T !Y >E F/ PR9CIPLES
( G5],N4 ,= 0A MALE ANIMAL WE M1N T :
G5]ATES 9 ANO!R1 & 0A FEMALE T : G5]ATES
9 XF2 ":=E M5 APPLY ^! T]MS 6! MACROCOSM
AL1 NAM+ ,E>? "M Z 2+ FEMALE1 B A4RESS+
,H1V5 &! ,SUN & O!R L 5TITIES Z "FS1 Z
CAUS+ G5],N4
  ,MALE & FEMALE DI6] 9 _! ESS;E 0EA*
HAV+ A SEP>ATE ABIL;Y OR FACULTY1 &
ANATOMIC,Y 0C]TA9 "PS2 ESS5TI,Y ! MALE
IS T : IS A# 6G5]ATE 9 ANO!R1 Z SD ABV2
! FEMALE IS T : IS A# 6G5]ATE 9 XF & \ (
: -ES 962+ ! (FSPR+ PREVI\SLY EXI/+ 9 !
P>5T4 ,& S9CE !Y >E DI6]5TIAT$ 0AN
ABIL;Y OR FACULTY & 0_! FUNC;N1 & S9CE
9/RU;TS OR ORGANS >E NE$$ = ALL FUNC;N+1
& S9CE ! BODILY "PS >E ! 9/RU;TS OR
ORGANS 6S]VE ! FACULTIES1 X FOLL[S T
C]TA9 "PS M/ EXI/ = UNION ( P>5TS &
PRODUC;N ( (FSPR+4 ,& ^! M/ DI6] F EA*
O!R1 S T 3SEQU5TLY ! MALE W DI6] F !
FEMALE4 7,= EV5 ?\< WE SP1K (! ANIMAL Z
A :OLE Z MALE OR FEMALE1 YET RE,Y X IS N
MALE OR FEMALE 9 VIRTUE (! :OLE ( XF1 B
ONLY 9 VIRTUE (A C]TA9 FACULTY &A C]TA9
"P- J Z )! "P US$ = SI<T OR LOCOMO;N- :
"P IS AL PLA9 6S5SE-P]CEP;N47
  ,N[ Z A MATT] ( FACT S* "PS >E 9 !
FEMALE ! S-CALL$ UT]US1 9 ! MALE ! TE/ES
&! P5IS1 9 ALL ! SANGU9EA2 = "S ( !M H
TE/ES & O!RS ! CORRESPOND+ PASSAGES4 ,"!
>E CORRESPOND+ DI6];ES ( MALE & FEMALE 9
ALL ! BLOOD.S ANIMALS AL : H ? DIVI.N
96OPPOSITE SEXES4 ,B IF 9 ! SANGU9EA X
IS ! "PS 3C]N$ 9 COPUL,N T DI6] PRIM>ILY
9 _! =MS1 WE M/ OBS]VE T A SMALL *ANGE 9
A F/ PR9CIPLE IS (T5 ATT5D$ 0*ANGES 9
O!R ?+S DEP5D+ ON X4 ,? IS PLA9 9 ! CASE
( CA/RAT$ ANIMALS1 =1 ?\< ONLY !
G5]ATIVE "P IS 4A#D1 YET PRETTY WELL !
:OLE =M (! ANIMAL *ANGES 9 3SEQU;E S M*
T X SEEMS 6BE FEMALE OR N F> %ORT ( X1 &
?US X IS CLE> ?AN AN ANIMAL IS N MALE OR
FEMALE 9 VIRTUE ( AN ISOLAT$ "P OR AN
ISOLAT$ FACULTY4 ,CLE>LY1 !N1 ! 4T9C;N (
SEX IS A F/ PR9CIPLE2 AT ANY RATE1 :5 T
: 4T+UI%ES MALE & FEMALE SU6]S *ANGE1 _M
O!R *ANGES A3OMPANY X1 Z WD 2 ! CASE IF
A F/ PR9CIPLE IS *ANG$4
                   #C
  ,! SANGU9EA >E N ALL ALIKE Z REG>DS
TE/ES & UT]US4 ,TAK+ ! =M] F/1 WE F9D T
"S ( !M H N TE/ES AT ALL1 Z ! CLASSES (
FI% &( S]P5TS1 B ONLY TWO SP]MATIC
DUCTS4 ,O!RS H TE/ES 9DE$1 B 9T]N,Y 0!
LO9 9 ! REGION (! KIDNEYS1 & F EA* ( ^!
A DUCT1 Z 9 ! CASE ( ^? ANIMALS : H NO
TE/ES AT ALL1 ^! DUCTS UNITE AL Z ) ^?
ANIMALS2 ? APPLIES 7AM;G ANIMALS BR1?+
AIR & HAV+ A LUNG7 6ALL BIRDS & OVIP>\S
QUADRUP$S4 ,= ALL ^! H _! TE/ES 9T]NAL
NE> ! LO91 & TWO DUCTS F ^! 9 ! SAME WAY
Z S]P5TS2 ,I M1N ! LIZ>DS & TORTOISES &
ALL ! SCALY REPTILES4 ,B ALL ! VIVIP>A H
_! TE/ES 9 FRONT2 "S ( !M 9SIDE AT ! 5D
(! ABDOM51 Z ! DOLPH91 N ) DUCTS B )A
P5IS PROJECT+ EXT]N,Y F !M2 O!RS \TSIDE1
EI P5D5T Z 9 MAN OR T[>DS ! FUNDA;T Z 9
SW9E4 ,!Y H BE5 4CRIM9AT$ M A3URATELY 9
! ,5QUIRIES AB ,ANIMALS4
  ,! UT]US IS ALW D\#1 J Z ! TE/ES >E
ALW TWO 9 ! MALE4 ,X IS SITUAT$ EI NE> !
PUD5DUM 7Z 9 WOM51 & ALL ^? ANIMALS :
BR+ =? ALIVE N ONLY EXT]N,Y B AL 9T]N,Y1
& ALL FI% T LAY E7S EXT]N,Y7 OR UP T[>DS
! HYPOZOMA 7Z 9 ALL BIRDS & 9 VIVIP>\S
FI%ES74 ,! UT]US IS AL D\# 9 ! CRU/ACEA
&! CEPHALOPODA1 =! MEMBRANES : 9CLUDE _!
S-CALL$ E7S >E (! NATURE (A UT]US4 ,X IS
"PICUL>LY H>D 64T+UI% 9 ! CASE (! P\LPS1
S T X SEEMS 6BE S+LE1 B ! R1SON ( ? IS T
! BULK (! BODY IS "EY": SIMIL>4
  ,X IS D\# AL 9 ! L>G] 9SECTS2 9 !
SMALL] ! "Q IS UNC]TA9 [+ 6! SMALL SIZE
(! BODY4
  ,S* IS ! DESCRIP;N (! A=ESD "PS (
ANIMALS4
                   #D
  ,) REG>D 6! DI6];E (! SP]MATIC ORGANS
9 MALES1 IF WE >E 69VE/IGATE ! CAUSES (
_! EXI/;E1 WE M/ F/ GRASP ! F9AL CAUSE (
! TE/ES4 ,N[ IF ,NATURE MAKES "EY?+ EI
2C X IS NEC OR 2C X IS BETT] S1 ? "P AL
M/ 2 = "O ( ^! TWO R1SONS4 ,B T X IS N
NEC = G5],N IS PLA92 ELSE _H X BE5
POSSESS$ 0ALL CR1TURES T G5]ATE1 B Z X
IS NEI S]P5TS H TE/ES NOR H FI%2 = !Y H
BE5 SE5 UNIT+ &) _! DUCTS FULL ( MILT4
,X REMA9S !N T X M/ 2 2C X IS "SH[ BETT]
S4 ,N[ X IS TRUE T ! BUSI;S ( MO/
ANIMALS IS1 Y MAY SAY1 NO?+ ELSE ?AN
6PRODUCE "Y1 Z ! BUSI;S (A PLANT IS
6PRODUCE SE$ & FRUIT4 ,B / Z1 9 ! CASE (
NUTRI;T1 ANIMALS ) /RAI<T 9TE/9ES >E M
VIOL5T 9 _! DESIRE = FOOD1 S ^? : H N
TE/ES B ONLY DUCTS1 OR : H !M 9DE$ B
9T]N,Y1 >E ALL QK] 9 A3OMPLI%+ COPUL,N4
,B ^? : >E 6BE M TEMP]ATE 9 ! "O CASE H
N /RAI<T 9TE/9ES1 & 9 ! O!R H _! DUCTS
TWI/$ 6PREV5T _! DESIRE 2+ TOO VIOL5T &
HA/Y4 ,X IS = ? T ! TE/ES >E 3TRIV$2 =
!Y MAKE ! MOVE;T (! SP]MATIC SECRE;N
/1DI]1 PRES]V+ ! FOLD+ BACK (! PASSAGES
9 ! VIVIP>A1 Z HORSES &! L1 & 9 MAN4 7,=
DETAILS SEE ! ,5QUIRIES AB ,ANIMALS47
,=! TE/ES >E NO "P (! DUCTS B >E ONLY
ATTA*$ 6!M1 Z WOM5 FA/5 /"OS 6! LOOM :5
W1V+2 IF !Y >E REMOV$ ! DUCTS >E DRAWN
UP 9T]N,Y1 S T CA/RAT$ ANIMALS >E UNA#
6G5]ATE2 IF !Y 7 N DRAWN UP !Y WD 2 A#1
& 2F N[ A BULL M.T+ IMMLY AF CA/R,N HAS
CAUS$ 3CEP;N 9 ! C[ 2C ! DUCTS _H N YET
BE5 DRAWN UP4 ,9 BIRDS & OVIP>\S
QUADRUP$S ! TE/ES RCV ! SP]MATIC
SECRE;N1 S T XS EXPUL.N IS SL[] ?AN 9
FI%ES4 ,? IS CLE> 9 ! CASE ( BIRDS1 = _!
TE/ES >E M* 5L>G$ AT ! "T ( COPUL,N1 &
ALL ^? : PAIR AT "O S1SON (! YE> H !M S
SMALL :5 ? IS PA/ T !Y >E ALM 9DISC]NI#1
B DUR+ ! S1SON !Y >E V L>GE4 ,:5 ! TE/ES
>E 9T]NAL ! ACT ( COPUL,N IS QK] ?AN :5
!Y >E EXT]NAL1 = EV5 9 ! LATT] CASE !
SEM5 IS N EMITT$ 2F ! TE/ES >E DRAWN UP4
                   #E
  ,2SS1 QUADRUP$S H ! ORGAN ( COPUL,N1
S9CE X IS POSSI# = !M 6H X1 B = BIRDS &!
FOOT.S ANIMALS X IS N POSSI#1 2C ! =M] H
_! LEGS "U ! MI4LE (! ABDOM5 &! LATT] H
NO LEGS AT ALL2 N[ ! P5IS DEP5DS F T
REGION & IS SITUAT$ "!4 7,":=E AL ! LEGS
>E /RA9$ 9 9T]C\RSE1 BO? ! P5IS &! LEGS
2+ S9EWY47 ,S T1 S9CE X IS N POSSI# = !M
6H ? ORGAN1 !Y M/ NECESS>ILY EI H NO
TE/ES AL1 OR AT ANY RATE N H !M "!1 Z ^?
ANIMALS T H BO? P5IS & TE/ES H !M 9 !
SAME SITU,N4
  ,FUR!R1 ) ^? ANIMALS AT ANY RATE T H
EXT]NAL TE/ES1 ! SEM5 IS COLLECT$ TGR 2F
EMIS.N1 & EMIS.N IS DUE 6! P5IS 2+ H1T$
0XS MOVE;T2 X IS N R1DY = EMIS.N AT IMM
3TACT Z 9 FI%ES4
  ,ALL ! VIVIPIRA H _! TE/ES 9 FRONT1
9T]N,Y OR EXT]N,Y1 EXCEPT ! H$GEHOG2 HE
AL"O HAS !M NE> ! LO94 ,? IS =! SAME
R1SON Z ) BIRDS1 2C _! UNION M/ 2 QK1 =!
H$GEHOG DOES N1 L ! O!R QUADRUP$S1 M.T
^U ! BACK (! FEMALE1 B !Y 3JUGATE /&+
UP"R 2C ( _! SP9ES4
  ,S M* =! R1SONS :Y ^? ANIMALS H TE/ES
: H !M1 & :Y !Y >E "S"TS EXT]NAL & "S"TS
9T]NAL4
                   #F
  ,ALL ^? ANIMALS : H NO TE/ES >E
DEFICI5T 9 ? "P1 Z HAS BE5 SD1 N 2C X IS
BETT] 6BE S B SIMPLY 2C ( NECESS;Y1 &
SECONDLY 2C X IS NEC T _! COPUL,N %D 2
SPE$Y4 ,S* IS ! NATURE ( FI% & S]P5TS4
,FI% COPULATE ?R[+ !MVS AL;GSIDE (!
FEMALES & SEP>AT+ AG QKLY4 ,= Z M5 & ALL
S* CR1TURES M/ HOLD _! BR1? 2F EMITT+ !
SEM51 S FI% AT S* "TS M/ C1SE TAK+ 9 !
SEA-WAT]1 & !N !Y P]I% EASILY4 ,"!=E !Y
M/ N MATURE ! SEM5 DUR+ COPUL,N1 Z
VIVIP>\S L&-ANIMALS D1 B !Y H X ALL
MATUR$ TGR 2F ! "T1 S Z N 6BE MATUR+ X
:ILE 9 3TACT B 6EMIT X R1DY MATUR$4 ,S
!Y H NO TE/ES1 &! DUCTS >E /RAI<T &
SIMPLE4 ,"! IS A SMALL "P SIMIL> 6?
3NECT$ )! TE/ES 9 ! SY/EM ( QUADRUP$S1 =
"P (! REFLECT$ DUCT IS SANGU9E\S & "P IS
N2 ! FLUID IS ALR SEM5 :5 X IS RCVD 0&
PASSES "? ? LATT] "P1 S T ONCE X HAS
>RIV$ "! X IS SOON EMITT$ 9 ^! QUADRUP$S
AL4 ,N[ 9 FI%ES ! :OLE PASSAGE RESEM#S !
LA/ SEC;N (! REFLECT$ "P (! DUCT 9 MAN &
SIMIL> ANIMALS4
                   #G
  ,S]P5TS COPULATE TW9+ R.D "O ANO!R1 &1
Z SD ABV1 H NEI TE/ES NOR P5IS1 ! LATT]
2C !Y H NO LEGS1 ! =M] 2C ( _! L5G?1 B
!Y H DUCTS L = ON A3.T ( _! EXTREME L5G?
! SEM9AL FLUID WD TAKE TOO L;G 9 XS
PASSAGE & 2 COOL$ IF X 7 FUR!R DELAY$
0TE/ES4 7,? HAPP5S AL IF ! P5IS IS L>GE2
S* M5 >E LESS F]TILE ?AN :5 X IS SMALL]
2C ! SEM51 IF COLD1 IS N G5]ATIVE1 & T :
IS C>RI$ TOO F> IS COOL$47 ,S M* =!
R1SON :Y "S ANIMALS H TE/ES & O!RS N4
,S]P5TS 9T]TW9E 2C ( _! 9APTITUDE 6CA/
!MVS AL;GSIDE ( "O ANO!R4 ,= !Y >E TOO
L;G 6UNITE CLOSELY ) S SMALL A "P & H NO
ORGANS ( ATTA*;T1 S !Y MAKE USE (!
SUPPLE;S ( _! BODIES1 9T]TW9+4 ,":=E AL
!Y SEEM 6BE SL[] 9 COPUL,N ?AN FI%1 N
ONLY ON A3.T (! L5G? (! DUCTS B AL ( ?
ELABORATE >RANGE;T 9 UNIT+4
                   #H
  ,X IS N EASY 6/ATE ! FACTS AB ! UT]US
9 FEMALE ANIMALS1 = "! >E _M PO9TS (
DI6];E4 ,! VIVIP>A >E N ALIKE 9 ? "P2
WOM5 & ALL ! VIVIP>A ) FEET H ! UT]US L[
D[N 0! PUD5DUM1 B ! C>TILAG9\S VIVIP>\S
FI% H X HI<] UP NE> ! HYPOZOMA4 ,9 !
OVIP>A1 AG1 X IS L[ 9 FI% 7Z 9 WOM5 &!
VIVIP>\S QUADRUP$S71 HI< 9 BIRDS & ALL
OVIP>\S QUADRUP$S4 ,YET EV5 ^! DI6];ES
>E ON A PR9CIPLE4 ,62G9 )! OVIP>A1 !Y
DI6] 9 ! MANN] ( LAY+ _! E7S1 = "S
PRODUCE !M IMP]FECT1 Z FI%ES ^: E7S
9CR1SE & >E F9,Y DEVELOP$ \TSIDE ( !M4
,! R1SON IS T !Y PRODUCE _M "Y1 & ? IS
_! FUNC;N Z X IS ) PLANTS4 ,IF !N !Y
P]FECT$ ! EGG 9 !MVS !Y M/ NE$S 2 FEW 9
NUMB]1 B Z X IS1 !Y H S _M T EA* UT]US
SEEMS 6BE AN EGG1 AT ANY RATE 9 ! SMALL
FI%ES4 ,= ^! >E ! MO/ PRODUCTIVE1 J Z )!
O!R ANIMALS & PLANTS ^: NATURE IS
ANALOG\S 6_!S1 =! 9CR1SE ( SIZE TURNS )
!M 6SE$4
  ,B ! E7S ( BIRDS &! QUADRUP$AL OVIP>A
>E P]FECT :5 PRODUC$4 ,9 ORD] T ^! MAY 2
PRES]V$ !Y M/ H A H>D COV]+ 7= _!
5VELOPE IS S(T S L;G Z !Y >E 9CR1S+ 9
SIZE71 &! %ELL IS MADE 0H1T SQUEEZ+ \ !
MOI/URE =! E>?Y MAT]IAL2 3SEQU5TLY !
PLACE M/ 2 HOT 9 : ? IS 6HAPP54 ,B ! "P
AB ! HYPOZOMA IS HOT1 Z IS %[N 0T 2+ !
"P : 3COCTS ! FOOD4 ,IF !N ! E7S M/ 2 )9
! UT]US1 !N ! UT]US M/ 2 NE> ! HYPOZOMA
9 ^? CR1TURES : PRODUCE _! E7S 9 A
P]FECT =M4 ,SIMIL>LY X M/ 2 L[ D[N 9 ^?
: PRODUCE !M IMP]FECT1 = X IS PR(ITA# T
X %D 2 S4 ,& X IS M NATURAL =! UT]US 6BE
L[ D[N ?AN HI< UP1 :5 ,NATURE HAS NO O!R
BUSI;S 9 H& 6H9D] X2 = XS 5D IS L[ D[N1
& ": IS ! 5D1 "! IS ! FUNC;N1 &! UT]US
XF IS NATUR,Y ": ! FUNC;N IS4
                   #I
  ,WE F9D DI6];ES 9 ! VIVIP>A AL Z -P>$
) "O ANO!R4 ,"S PRODUCE _! "Y ALIVE1 N
ONLY EXT]N,Y1 B AL 9T]N,Y1 Z M51 HORSES1
DOGS1 & ALL ^? : H HAIR1 & AM;G AQUATIC
ANIMALS1 DOLPH9S1 :ALES1 & S* CETACEA4
                  #AJ
  ,B ! C>TILAG9\S FI% &! VIP]S PRODUCE
_! "Y ALIVE EXT]N,Y1 B F/ PRODUCE E7S
9T]N,Y4 ,! EGG IS P]FECT1 = S ONLY C AN
ANIMAL 2 G5]AT$ F AN EGG1 & NO?+ -ES F
AN IMP]FECT "O4 ,X IS 2C !Y >E (A COLD
NATURE1 N HOT Z "S ASS]T1 T !Y D N LAY
_! E7S EXT]N,Y4
                  #AA
  ,AT L1/ !Y C]TA9LY PRODUCE _! E7S 9 A
S(T 5VELOPE1 ! R1SON 2+ T !Y H B LL H1T
& S _! NATURE DOES N -PLETE ! PROCESS (
DRY+ ! EGG-%ELL4 ,2C1 !N1 !Y >E COLD !Y
PRODUCE S(T-%ELL$ E7S1 & 2C ! E7S >E S(T
!Y D N PRODUCE !M EXT]N,Y2 = T WD H
CAUS$ _! DE/RUC;N4
  ,! PROCESS IS =! MO/ "P ! SAME Z 9
BIRDS1 =! EGG DESC5DS &! "Y IS HAT*$ F X
NE> ! VAG9A1 ": ! "Y IS PRODUC$ 9 ^?
ANIMALS : >E VIVIP>\S F ! 2G9N+4 ,"!=E 9
S* ANIMALS ! UT]US IS 4SIMIL> 6T ( BO? !
VIVIP>A & OVIP>A1 2C !Y "PICIPATE 9 BO?
CLASSES2 = X IS AT ONCE NE> ! HYPOZOMA &
AL /RET*+ AL;G D[NW>DS 9 ALL !
C>TILAG9\S FI%ES4 ,B ! FACTS AB ? &! O!R
K9DS ( UT]US M/ 2 GA!R$ F 9SPEC;N (!
DRAW+S ( 4SEC;NS & F ! ,5QUIRIES4 ,?US1
2C !Y >E OVIP>\S1 LAY+ P]FECT E7S1 !Y H
! UT]US PLAC$ HI<1 B1 Z 2+ VIVIP>\S1 L[1
"PICIPAT+ 9 BO? CLASSES4
  ,ANIMALS T >E VIVIP>\S F ! 2G9N+ ALL H
X L[1 ,NATURE "H HAV+ NO O!R BUSI;S
69T]F]E ) H]1 & _! PRODUC;N HAV+ NO D\#
"*4 ,2SS ?1 X IS IMPOSSI# = ANIMALS 6BE
PRODUC$ ALIVE NE> ! HYPOZOMA1 =! FOETUS
M/ NE$S 2 H1VY & MOVE1 & T REGION 9 ! "M
IS VITAL & WD N 2 A# 6BE> ! WEI<T &!
MOVE;T4 ,?IRDLY1 "PURI;N WD 2 DI6ICULT
2C (! L5G? (! PASSAGE 6BE TRAV]S$2 EV5 Z
X IS "! IS DI6ICULTY ) WOM5 IF !Y DRAW
UP ! UT]US 9 "PURI;N 0YAWN+ OR ANY?+ (!
K9D1 & EV5 :5 EMPTY X CAUSES A FEEL+ (
SU6OC,N IF MOV$ UPW>DS4 ,= IF A UT]US IS
6HOLD A LIV+ ANIMAL X M/ 2 /R;G] ?AN 9
OVIP>A1 & "!=E 9 ALL ! VIVIP>A X IS
FLE%Y1 ":AS :5 ! UT]US IS NE> ! HYPOZOMA
X IS MEMBRAN\S4 ,& ? IS CLE> AL 9 ! CASE
(! ANIMALS : PRODUCE "Y 0! MIX$ ME?OD1 =
_! E7S >E HI< UP & SIDEWAYS1 B ! LIV+ "Y
>E PRODUC$ 9 ! L[] "P (! UT]US4
  ,S M* =! R1SON :Y DI6];ES >E F.D 9 !
UT]US ( V>I\S ANIMALS1 & G5],Y :Y X IS
L[ 9 "S & HI< 9 O!RS NE> ! HYPOZOMA4
                  #AB
  ,:Y IS ! UT]US ALW 9T]NAL1 B ! TE/ES
"S"TS 9T]NAL1 "S"TS EXT]NAL8 ,! R1SON =!
UT]US ALW 2+ 9T]NAL IS T 9 ? IS 3TA9$ !
EGG OR FOETUS1 : NE$S GU>D+1 %ELT]1 &
MATUR,N 03COC;N1 :ILE ! \T] SURFACE (!
BODY IS EASILY 9JUR$ & COLD4 ,! TE/ES
V>Y 9 POSI;N 2C !Y AL NE$ %ELT] &A COV]+
6PRES]VE !M & 6MATURE ! SEM52 = X WD 2
IMPOSSI# = !M1 IF *ILL$ & /I65$1 6BE
DRAWN UP & 4*>GE X4 ,"!=E1 :5"E ! TE/ES
>E VISI#1 !Y H A CUTICUL> COV]+ "KN Z !
SCROTUM4 ,IF ! NATURE (! SK9 IS OPPOS$
6?1 2+ TOO H>D 6BE ADAPT$ = 5CLOS+ !M OR
= 2+ S(T L A TRUE ,8SK9'1 Z )! SCALY
9TEGU;T ( FI% & REPTILES1 !N ! TE/ES M/
NE$S 2 9T]NAL4 ,"!=E !Y >E S 9 DOLPH9S &
ALL ! CETACEA : H !M1 & 9 ! OVIP>\S
QUADRUP$S AM;G ! SCALY ANIMALS4 ,! SK9 (
BIRDS AL IS H>D S T X W N 3=M 6! SIZE (
ANY?+ & 5CLOSE X N1TLY4 7,? IS ANO!R
R1SON ) ALL ^! ANIMALS = _! TE/ES 2+
9T]NAL 2SS ^? PREVI\SLY M5;N$ Z >IS+
NECESS>ILY F ! DETAILS ( COPUL,N47 ,=!
SAME R1SON !Y >E 9T]NAL 9 ! ELEPHANT &
H$GEHOG1 =! SK9 ( ^!1 TOO1 IS N WELL
SUIT$ 6KEEP ! PROTECTIVE "P SEP>ATE4
  ,7,! POSI;N (! UT]US DI6]S 9 ANIMALS
VIVIP>\S )9 !MVS & ^? EXT]N,Y OVIP>\S1 &
9 ! LATT] CLASS AG X DI6]S 9 ^? : H !
UT]US L[ & ^? : H X NE> ! HYPOZOMA1 Z 9
FI%ES -P>$ ) BIRDS & OVIP>\S QUADRUP$S4
,& X IS DI6]5T AG 9 ^? : PRODUCE "Y 9
BO? WAYS1 2+ OVIP>\S 9T]N,Y & VIVIP>\S
EXT]N,Y4 ,= ^? : >E VIVIP>\S BO? 9T]N,Y
& EXT]N,Y H ! UT]US PLAC$ ON ! ABDOM51 Z
M51 CATTLE1 DOGS1 &! L1 S9CE X IS
EXP$I5T =! SAFETY & GR[? (! FOETUS T NO
WEI<T %D 2 ^U ! UT]US47'
                  #AC
  ,! PASSAGES AL >E DI6]5T "? : ! SOLID
& LIQUID EXCRETA PASS \ 9 ALL ! VIVIP>A4
,":=E BO? MALES & FEMALES 9 ? CLASS ALL
H A "P ":BY ! UR9E IS VOID$1 & ? S]VES
AL =! ISSUE (! SEM5 9 MALES1 (! (FSPR+ 9
FEMALES4 ,? PASSAGE IS SITUAT$ ABV & 9
FRONT (! PASSAGE (! SOLID EXCRETA4 ,!
PASSAGE IS ! SAME Z T (! SOLID NUTRI;T 9
ALL ^? ANIMALS T H NO P5IS1 9 ALL !
OVIP>A1 EV5 ^? ( !M T H A BLA4]1 Z !
TORTOISES4 ,= X IS =! SAKE ( G5],N1 N =!
EVACU,N (! UR9E1 T ! PASSAGES >E D\#2 B
2C ! SEM5 IS NATUR,Y LIQUID1 ! LIQUID
EXCRE;N AL %>ES ! SAME PASSAGE4 ,? IS
CLE> F ! FACT T ALL ANIMALS PRODUCE
SEM51 B ALL D N VOID LIQUID EXCRE;T4 ,N[
! SP]MATIC PASSAGES (! MALE M/ 2 FIX$ &
M/ N W&]1 &! SAME APPLIES 6! UT]US (!
FEMALE1 & ? FIX+ M/ TAKE PLACE AT EI !
FRONT OR ! BACK (! BODY4 ,6TAKE ! UT]US
F/1 X IS 9 ! FRONT (! BODY 9 VIVIP>A 2C
(! FOETUS1 B AT ! LO9 &! BACK 9 OVIP>A4
,ALL ANIMALS : >E 9T]N,Y OVIP>\S &
EXT]N,Y VIVIP>\S >E 9 AN 9T]M$IATE 3DI;N
2C !Y "PICIPATE 9 BO? CLASSES1 2+ AT
ONCE OVIP>\S & VIVIP>\S4 ,=! UPP] "P (!
UT]US1 ": ! E7S >E PRODUC$1 IS "U !
HYPOZOMA 0! LO9 &! BACK1 B Z X ADV.ES IS
L[ AT ! ABDOM52 = X IS 9 T "P T ! ANIMAL
IS VIVIP>\S4 ,9 ^! AL ! PASSAGE = SOLID
EXCRE;T &= COPUL,N IS ! SAME1 = N"O (
^!1 Z HAS BE5 SD ALR1 HAS A SEP>ATE
PUD5DUM4
  ,! SAME APPLIES 6! PASSAGES 9 ! MALE1
:E!R !Y H TE/ES OR NO1 Z 6! UT]US (!
OVIP>A4 ,= 9 ALL ( !M1 N ONLY 9 !
OVIP>A1 ! DUCTS AD"H 6! BACK &! REGION (
! SP9E4 ,= !Y M/ N W&] B 2 SETTL$1 & T
IS ! "* (! REGION (! BACK1 : GIVES
3T9U;Y & /ABIL;Y4 ,N[ 9 ^? : H 9T]NAL
TE/ES1 ! DUCTS >E FIX$ F ! F/1 & !Y >E
FIX$ 9 L MANN] IF ! TE/ES >E EXT]NAL2 !N
!Y MEET TGR T[>DS ! REGION (! P5IS4
  ,! L APPLIES 6! DUCTS 9 ! DOLPH9S1 B
!Y H _! TE/ES HI45 "U ! ABDOM9AL CAV;Y4
  ,WE H N[ 4CUSS$ ! SITU,N (! "PS
3TRIBUT+ 6G5],N1 &! CAUSES "!(4
                  #AD
  ,! BLOOD.S ANIMALS D N AGREE EI )!
SANGU9EA OR ) EA* O!R 9 ! FA%ION (! "PS
3TRIBUT+ 6G5],N4 ,"! >E F\R CLASSES /
LEFT 6D1L )1 F/ ! CRU/ACEA1 SECONDLY !
CEPHALOPODA1 ?IRDLY ! 9SECTS1 & F\R?LY !
TE/ACEA4 ,WE _C 2 C]TA9 AB ALL ( !M1 B T
MO/ ( !M COPULATE IS PLA92 9 :AT MANN]
!Y UNITE M/ 2 /AT$ LAT]4
  ,! CRU/ACEA COPULATE L ! RETROM+5T
QUADRUP$S1 FITT+ _! TAILS 6"O ANO!R1 !
"O SUP9E &! O!R PR"O4 ,=! FLAPS ATTA*$
6! SIDES (! TAIL 2+ L;G PREV5T !M F
UNIT+ )! BELLY AG/ ! BACK4 ,! MALES H
F9E SP]MATIC DUCTS1 ! FEMALES A
MEMBRAN\S UT]US AL;GSIDE ! 9TE/9E1 CLOV5
ON EA* SIDE1 9 : ! EGG IS PRODUC$4

                  #AE
  ,! CEPHALOPODA 5TW9E TGR AT ! M\?1
PU%+ AG/ "O ANO!R & 5FOLD+ _! >MS4 ,?
ATTITUDE IS NEC1 2C ,NATURE HAS B5T
BACKW>DS ! 5D (! 9TE/9E & BR"\ X R.D NE>
! M\?1 Z HAS BE5 SD 2F 9 ! TR1TISE ON !
"PS ( ANIMALS4 ,! FEMALE HAS A "P
CORRESPOND+ 6! UT]US1 PLA9LY 6BE SE5 9
EA* ( ^! ANIMALS1 = X 3TA9S AN EGG : IS
AT F/ 9DIVISI# 6! EYE B AFWS SPLITS UP
96_M2 EA* ( ^! E7S IS IMP]FECT :5
DEPOSIT$1 Z )! OVIP>\S FI%ES4 ,9 !
CEPHALOPODA 7Z AL 9 ! CRU/ACEA7 ! SAME
PASSAGE S]VES 6VOID ! EXCRE;T & L1DS 6!
"P L A UT]US1 =! MALE 4*>GES ! SEM9AL
FLUID "? ? PASSAGE4 ,& X IS ON ! L[]
SURFACE (! BODY1 ": ! MANTLE IS OP5 &!
SEA-WAT] 5T]S ! CAV;Y4 ,H;E ! UNION (!
MALE )! FEMALE TAKES PLACE AT ? PO9T1 =
X IS NEC1 IF ! MALE 4*>GES EI SEM5 OR A
"P ( HMF OR ANY O!R =CE1 T HE %D UNITE )
H] AT ! UT]9E PASSAGE4 ,B ! 9S];N1 9 !
CASE (! P\LPS1 (! >M (! MALE 96! FUNNEL
(! FEMALE1 0: >M ! FI%]M5 SAY ! MALE
COPULATES ) H]1 IS ONLY =! SAKE (
ATTA*;T1 & X IS N AN ORGAN USE;L =
G5],N1 = X IS \TSIDE ! PASSAGE 9 ! MALE
& 9DE$ \TSIDE ! BODY (! MALE ALT4
  ,"S"TS AL CEPHALOPODA UNITE 0! MALE
M.T+ ON ! BACK (! FEMALE1 B :E!R = G5],N
OR "S O!R CAUSE HAS N YET BE5 OBS]V$4
                  #AF
  ,"S 9SECTS COPULATE &! (FSPR+ >E
PRODUC$ F ANIMALS (! SAME "N1 J Z )!
SANGU9EA2 S* >E ! LOCU/S1 CICADAE1
SPID]S1 WASPS1 & ANTS4 ,O!RS UNITE 9DE$
& G5]ATE2 B ! RESULT IS N A CR1TURE (!
SAME K9D1 B ONLY A SCOLEX1 & ^! 9SECTS D
N -E 962+ F ANIMALS B F PUTREFY+ MATT]1
LIQUID OR SOLID2 S* >E FL1S1 FLIES1 &
CAN?>IDES4 ,O!RS AG >E NEI PRODUC$ F
ANIMALS NOR UNITE ) EA* O!R2 S* >E
GNATS1 ,8CONOPES0'1 & _M SIMIL> K9DS4 ,9
MO/ ( ^? : UNITE ! FEMALE IS L>G] ?AN !
MALE4 ,! MALES D N APPE> 6H SP]MATIC
PASSAGES4 ,9 MO/ CASES ! MALE DOES N
9S]T ANY "P 96! FEMALE1 B ! FEMALE F 2L
UPW>DS 96! MALE2 ? HAS BE5 OBS]V$ 9 _M
CASES 7Z AL T ! MALE M.TS ! FEMALE71 !
OPPOSITE 9 FEW CASES2 B OBS]V,NS >E N
YET -PREH5SIVE 5 65A# U 6MAKE A 4T9C;N (
CLASSES4 ,& G5],Y X IS ! RULE ) MO/ (!
OVIP>\S FI% & OVIP>\S QUADRUP$S T !
FEMALE IS L>G] ?AN ! 2C ? IS EXP$I5T 9
VIEW (! 9CR1SE ( BULK 9 3CEP;N 0R1SON (!
E7S4 ,9 ! FEMALE ! "P ANALOG\S 6! UT]US
IS CLEFT & EXT5DS AL;G ! 9TE/9E1 Z )!
O!R ANIMALS2 9 ? >E PRODUC$ ! RESULTS (
3CEP;N4 ,? IS CLE> 9 LOCU/S & ALL O!R
L>GE 9SECTS ^: NATURE X IS 6UNITE2 MO/
9SECTS >E TOO SMALL 6BE OBS]V$ 9 ?
RESPECT4
  ,S* IS ! "* (! G5]ATIVE ORGANS 9
ANIMALS : 7 N SPOK5 ( 2F4 ,X REMA9S N[
6SP1K (! HOMOG5E\S "PS 3C]N$1 ! SEM9AL
FLUID & MILK4 ,WE W TAKE ! =M] F/1 &
TR1T ( MILK AFWS4
                  #AG
  ,"S ANIMALS MANIFE/LY EMIT SEM51 Z ALL
! SANGU9EA1 B :E!R ! 9SECTS &
CEPHALOPODA D S IS UNC]TA94 ,"!=E ? IS A
"Q 6BE 3SID]$1 :E!R ALL MALES D S1 OR N
ALL2 & IF N ALL1 :Y "S D & "S N2 & :E!R
! FEMALE AL 3TRIBUTES ANY SEM5 OR N2 &1
IF N SEM51 :E!R %E DOES N 3TRIBUTE ANY?+
ELSE EI1 OR :E!R %E 3TRIBUTES "S?+ ELSE
: IS N SEM54 ,WE M/ AL 9QUIRE :AT ^?
ANIMALS : EMIT SEM5 3TRIBUTE 0M1NS ( X
6G5],N1 & G5],Y :AT IS ! NATURE ( SEM51
&(! S-CALL$ CATAM5IA 9 ALL ANIMALS :
4*>GE ? LIQUID4
  ,N[ X IS ?"\ T ALL ANIMALS >E G5]AT$ \
( SEM51 & T ! SEM5 -ES F ! P>5TS4 ,":=E
X IS "P (! SAME 9QUIRY 6ASK :E!R BO?
MALE & FEMALE PRODUCE X OR ONLY "O ( !M1
& 6ASK :E!R X -ES F ! :OLE (! BODY OR N
F ! :OLE2 = IF ! LATT] IS TRUE X IS
R1SONA# 6SUPPOSE T X DOES N -E F BO?
P>5TS EI4 ,ACLY1 S9CE "S SAY T X -ES F !
:OLE (! BODY1 WE M/ 9VE/IGATE ? "Q F/4
  ,! PRO(S F : X C 2 >GU$ T ! SEM5 -ES F
EA* & E "P (! BODY MAY 2 REDUC$ 6F\R4
,F/1 ! 9T5S;Y (! PL1SURE ( COI;N2 =!
SAME /ATE ( FEEL+ IS M PL1SANT IF
MULTIPLI$1 & T : A6ECTS ALL ! "PS IS
MULTIPLI$ Z -P>$ ) T : A6ECTS ONLY "O OR
A FEW4 ,SECONDLY1 ! ALLEG$ FACT T
MUTIL,NS >E 9H]IT$1 = !Y >GUE T S9CE !
P>5T IS DEFICI5T 9 ? "P ! SEM5 DOES N -E
F ?;E1 &! RESULT IS T ! CORRESPOND+ "P
IS N =M$ 9 ! (FSPR+4 ,?IRDLY1 !
RESEMBL.ES 6! P>5TS1 =! "Y >E BORN L !M
"P = "P Z WELL Z 9 ! :OLE BODY2 IF !N !
-+ (! SEM5 F ! :OLE BODY IS CAUSE (!
RESEMBL.E (! :OLE1 S ! "PS WD 2 L 2C X
-ES F EA* (! "PS4 ,F\R?LY1 X WD SEEM 6BE
R1SONA# 6SAY T Z "! IS "S F/ ?+ F : !
:OLE >ISES1 S X IS AL ) EA* (! "PS1 &
"!=E IF SEM5 OR SE$ IS CAUSE (! :OLE S
EA* (! "PS WD H A SE$ PECULI> 6XF4 ,& ^!
OP9IONS >E PLAUSIBLY SUPPORT$ 0S* EVID;E
Z T *N >E BORN )A LIKE;S 6_! P>5TS1 N 9
3G5ITAL B AL 9 ACQUIR$ "*I/ICS2 = 2F N[1
:5 ! P>5TS H _H SC>S1 ! *N H BE5 BORN )A
M>K 9 ! =M (! SC> 9 ! SAME PLACE1 & "! 0
A CASE AT ,*ALC$ON ": ! "F _H A BR& ON 8
>M &! LR 0 M>K$ ON ! *1 ONLY 3FUS$ & N
CLE>LY >TICULAT$4 ,T IS PRETTY M* !
EVID;E ON : "S 2LIEVE T ! SEM5 -ES F ALL
! BODY4
                  #AH
  ,ON EXAM9+ ! "Q1 H["E1 ! OPPOSITE
APPE>S M LIKELY1 = X IS N H>D 6REFUTE !
ABV >GU;TS &! VIEW 9VOLVES
IMPOSSIBILITIES4 ,F/1 !N1 ! RESEMBL.E (
*N 6P>5TS IS NO PRO( T ! SEM5 -ES F !
:OLE BODY1 2C ! RESEMBL.E IS F.D AL 9
VOICE1 NAILS1 HAIR1 & WAY ( MOV+1 F :
NO?+ -ES4 ,& M5 G5]ATE 2F !Y YET H C]TA9
"*S1 S* Z A BE>D OR GREY HAIR4 ,FUR!R1
*N >E L _! M REMOTE ANCE/ORS F :OM NO?+
HAS -E1 =! RESEMBL.ES RECUR AT AN 9T]VAL
( _M G5],NS1 Z 9 ! CASE (! WOMAN 9 ,ELIS
:O _H 9T]C\RSE )! ,AE?IOP2 H] DAU<T] 0 N
AN ,AE?IOP B ! SON ( T DAU<T] WAS4 ,!
SAME ?+ APPLIES AL 6PLANTS1 = X IS CLE>
T IF ? !ORY 7 TRUE ! SE$ WD -E F ALL "PS
( PLANTS AL2 B (T5 A PLANT DOES N
POSSESS "O "P1 & ANO!R "P MAY 2 REMOV$1
&A ?IRD GR[S AFWS4 ,2SS1 ! SE$ DOES N -E
F ! P]IC>P1 & YET ? AL -ES 962+ )! SAME
=M Z 9 ! P>5T PLANT4
  ,WE MAY AL ASK :E!R ! SEM5 -ES F EA* (
! HOMOG5E\S "PS ONLY1 S* Z FLE% & B"O &
S9EW1 OR AL F ! HET]OG5E\S1 S* Z FACE &
H&S4 ,= IF F ! =M] ONLY1 WE OBJECT T
RESEMBL.E EXI/S R 9 ! HET]OG5E\S "PS1 S*
Z FACE & H&S & FEET2 IF !N X IS N 2C (!
SEM5 -+ F ALL "PS T *N RESEM# _! P>5TS 9
^!1 :AT IS "! 6/OP ! HOMOG5E\S "PS AL F
2+ L = "S O!R R1SON ?AN ?8 ,IF ! SEM5
-ES F ! HET]OG5E\S AL"O1 !N X DOES N -E
F ALL "PS2 B X IS M FITT+ T X %D -E F !
HOMOG5E\S "PS1 = !Y >E PRIOR 6!
HET]OG5E\S : >E -POS$ ( !M2 & Z *N >E
BORN L _! P>5TS 9 FACE & H&S1 S !Y >E1
NECESS>ILY1 9 FLE% & NAILS4 ,IF ! SEM5
-ES F BO?1 :AT WD 2 ! MANN] ( G5],N8 ,=!
HET]OENE\S "PS >E -POS$ (! HOMOGNE\S1 S
T 6-E F ! =M] WD 2 6-E F ! LATT] & F _!
-POSI;N4 ,6MAKE ? CLE>] 0AN ILLU/R,N1
TAKE A WRITT5 "N2 IF ANY?+ CAME F ! :OLE
( X1 X WD 2 F EA* (! SYLLA#S1 & IF F ^!1
F ! LRS & _! -POSI;N4 ,S T IF RE,Y FLE%
& B"OS >E -POS$ ( FIRE &! L ELE;TS1 !
SEM5 WD -E R F ! ELE;TS ?AN ANY?+ ELSE1
= H[ C X -E F _! -POSI;N8 ,YET )\T ?
-POSI;N "! WD 2 NO RESEMBL.E4 ,IF AG
"S?+ CR1TES ? -POSI;N LAT]1 X WD 2 ? T
WD 2 ! CAUSE (! RESEMBL.E1 N ! -+ (!
SEM5 F E "P (! BODY4
  ,FUR!R1 IF ! "PS (! FUTURE ANIMAL >E
SEP>AT$ 9 ! SEM51 H[ D !Y LIVE8 & IF !Y
>E 3NECT$1 !Y WD =M A SMALL ANIMAL4
  ,& :AT AB ! G5]ATIVE "PS8 ,= T : -ES F
! MALE IS N SIMIL> 6:AT -ES F ! FEMALE4
  ,AG1 IF ! SEM5 -ES F ALL "PS ( BO?
P>5TS ALIKE1 ! RESULT IS TWO ANIMALS1 =!
(FSPR+ W H ALL ! "PS ( BO?4 ,":=E
,EMP$OCLES SEEMS 6SAY :AT AGREES PRETTY
WELL ) ? VIEW 7IF WE >E 6ADOPT X71 6A
C]TA9 EXT5T AT ANY RATE1 B 6BE WR;G IF
WE ?9K O!RWISE4 ,:AT HE SAYS AGREES ) X
:5 HE DCLS T "! IS A SORT ( T,Y 9 ! MALE
& FEMALE1 & T ! :OLE (FSPR+ DOES N -E F
EI1 ,8B S"U$ IS ! FA%ION ( LIMBS1 "S 9
MAN'S '''0' ,= :Y DOES N ! FEMALE G5]ATE
F H]F IF ! SEM5 -ES F ALL "PS ALIKE & %E
HAS A RECEPTACLE R1DY 9 ! UT]US8 ,B1 X
SEEMS1 EI X DOES N -E F ALL ! "PS1 OR IF
X DOES X IS 9 ! WAY ,EMP$OCLES SAYS1 N !
SAME "PS -+ F EA* P>5T1 : IS :Y !Y NE$
9T]C\RSE ) EA* O!R4
  ,YET ? AL IS IMPOSSI#1 J Z M* Z X IS
IMPOSSI# =! "PS :5 FULL GR[N 6SURVIVE &
H LIFE 9 !M :5 TORN A"P1 Z ,EMP$OCLES
A3.TS =! CRE,N ( ANIMALS2 9 ! "T ( 8
,8,REIGN ( ,LOVE0'1 SAYS HE1 ,8_M H1DS
SPRANG UP )\T NECKS10' & LAT] ON ^!
ISOLAT$ "PS -B9$ 96ANIMALS4 ,N[ T ? IS
IMPOSSI# IS PLA91 = NEI WD ! SEP>ATE "PS
2 A# 6SURVIVE )\T HAV+ ANY S\L OR LIFE 9
!M1 NOR IF !Y 7 LIV+ ?+S1 S 6SAY1 CD
S"EAL ( !M -B9E S Z 62COME "O ANIMAL AG4
,YET ^? :O SAY T SEM5 -ES F ! :OLE (!
BODY RE,Y H 6TALK 9 T WAY1 & Z X HAPP5$
!N 9 ! E>? DUR+ ! ,8,REIGN ( ,LOVE0'1 S
X HAPP5S AC 6!M 9 ! BODY4 ,N[ X IS
IMPOSSI# T ! "PS %D 2 UNIT$ TGR :5 !Y -E
962+ & %D -E F DI6]5T "PS (! P>5T1 MEET+
TGR 9 "O PLACE4 ,!N H[ C ! UPP] & L[]1
"R & LEFT1 FRONT & BACK "PS H BE5
,8S"U$0'8 ,ALL ^! PO9TS >E UN9TELLIGI#4
,FUR!R1 "S "PS >E 4T+UI%$ 0POSSESS+ A
FACULTY1 O!RS 02+ 9 C]TA9 /ATES OR
3DI;NS2 ! HET]OG5E\S1 Z T;GUE & H&1 0!
FACULTY ( DO+ "S?+1 ! HOMOG5E\S 0H>D;S &
S(T;S &! O!R SIMIL> /ATES4 ,BLOOD1 !N1 W
N 2 BLOOD1 NOR FLE% FLE%1 9 ANY & E
/ATE4 ,X IS CLE>1 !N1 T T : -ES F ANY
"P1 Z BLOOD F BLOOD OR FLE% F FLE%1 W N
2 ID5TICAL ) T "P4 ,B IF X IS "S?+
DI6]5T F : ! BLOOD (! (FSPR+ -ES1 ! -+ (
! SEM5 F ALL ! "PS W N 2 ! CAUSE (!
RESEMBL.E1 Z IS HELD 0! SUPPORT]S ( ?
!ORY4 ,= IF BLOOD IS =M$ F "S?+ : IS N
BLOOD1 X IS 5 T ! SEM5 -E F "O "P ONLY1
= :Y %D N ALL ! O!R "PS (! (FSPR+ Z WELL
Z BLOOD 2 =M$ F "O "P (! P>5T8 ,9DE$1 ?
!ORY SEEMS 6BE ! SAME Z T ( ,ANAXAGORAS1
T N"O (! HOMOG5E\S "PS -E 962+1 EXCEPT T
^! !ORI/S ASSUME1 9 ! CASE (! G5],N (
ANIMALS1 :AT HE ASSUM$ (! UNIV]SE4
  ,!N1 AG1 H[ W ^! "PS T CAME F ALL !
BODY (! P>5T 2 9CR1S$ OR GR[8 ,X IS TRUE
T ,ANAXAGORAS PLAUSIBLY SAYS T "PICLES (
FLE% \ (! FOOD >E A4$ 6! FLE%4 ,B IF WE
D N SAY ? 7:ILE SAY+ T SEM5 -ES F ALL
"PS (! BODY71 H[ W ! FOETUS 2COME GRT]
0! A4I;N ( "S?+ ELSE IF T : IS A4$ REMA9
UN*ANG$8 ,B IF T : IS A4$ C *ANGE1 !N :Y
N SAY T ! SEM5 F ! V F/ IS ( S* A K9D T
BLOOD & FLE% C 2 MADE \ ( X1 9/1D ( SAY+
T X XF IS BLOOD & FLE%8 ,NOR IS "! ANY
O!R ALT]NATIVE1 = SURELY WE _C SAY T X
IS 9CR1S$ LAT] 0A PROCESS ( MIX+1 Z W9E
:5 WAT] IS P\R$ 96X4 ,= 9 T CASE EA*
ELE;T (! MIXTURE WD 2 XF AT F/ :ILE /
UNMIX$1 B ! FACT R IS T FLE% & B"O & EA*
(! O!R "PS IS S* LAT]4 ,& 6SAY T "S "P (
! SEM5 IS S9EW & B"O IS Q ABV U1 Z !
SAY+ IS4
  ,2SS ALL ? "! IS A DI6ICULTY IF ! SEX
IS DET]M9$ 9 3CEP;N 7Z ,EMP$OCLES SAYS3
,8X IS %$ 9 CL1N VESSELS2 "S WAX FEMALE1
IF !Y FALL 9 ) COLD0'74 ,ANYH[1 X IS
PLA9 T BO? M5 & WOM5 *ANGE N ONLY F
9F]TILE 6F]TILE1 B AL F BE>+ FEMALE
6BE>+ MALE (FSPR+1 : LOOKS Z IF ! CAUSE
DOES N LIE 9 ! SEM5 -+ F ALL ! P>5T OR
N1 B 9 ! MUTUAL PROPOR;N OR 4PROPOR;N (
T -ES F ! WOMAN &! MAN1 OR 9 "S?+ ( ?
K9D4 ,X IS CLE>1 !N1 IF WE >E 6PUT ? D[N
Z 2+ S1 T ! FEMALE SEX IS N DET]M9$ 0!
SEM5 -+ F ANY "PICUL> "P1 & 3SEQU5TLY
NEI IS ! SPECIAL SEXUAL "P S DET]M9$ 7IF
RE,Y ! SAME SEM5 C 2COME EI MALE OR
FEMALE *1 : %[S T ! SEXUAL "P DOES N
EXI/ 9 ! SEM574 ,:Y1 !N1 %D WE ASS]T ? (
? "P ANY M ?AN ( O!RS8 ,= IF SEM5 DOES N
-E F ? "P1 ! UT]US1 ! SAME A3.T MAY 2
GIV5 (! O!RS4
  ,AG1 "S CR1TURES -E 962+ NEI F P>5TS (
! SAME K9D NOR F P>5TS (A DI6]5T K9D1 Z
FLIES &! V>I\S K9DS ( :AT >E CALL$ FL1S2
F ^! >E PRODUC$ ANIMALS 9DE$1 B N 9 ?
CASE ( SIMIL> NATURE B A K9D ( SCOLEX4
,X IS PLA9 9 ? CASE T ! "Y (A DI6]5T K9D
>E N PRODUC$ 0SEM5 -+ F ALL "PS (! P>5T1
= !Y WD !N RESEM# !M1 IF 9DE$ RESEMBL.E
IS A SIGN ( XS -+ F ALL "PS4
  ,FUR!R EV5 AM;G ANIMALS "S PRODUCE _M
"Y F A S+LE COI;N 7& "S?+ L ? IS
UNIV]SAL AM;G PLANTS1 = X IS PLA9 T !Y
BE> ALL ! FRUIT (A :OLE S1SON F A S+LE
MOVE;T74 ,& YET H[ WD ? 2 POSSI# IF !
SEM5 7 SECRET$ F ALL ! BODY8 ,= F A S+LE
COI;N &A S+LE SEGREG,N (! SEM5 SCATT]$
"?\T ! BODY M/ NE$S FOLL[ ONLY A S+LE
SECRE;N4 ,NOR IS X POSSI# = X 6BE
SEP>AT$ 9 ! UT]US1 = ? WD NO L;G] 2 A
M]E SEP>,N ( SEM51 B1 Z X W]E1 A S"E.E F
A NEW PLANT OR ANIMAL4
  ,AG1 ! CUTT+S F A PLANT BE> SE$2
CLE>LY1 "!=E1 EV5 2F !Y 7 CUT F ! P>5T
PLANT1 !Y BORE _! FRUIT F _! [N MASS
AL"O1 &! SE$ DID N -E F ALL ! PLANT4
  ,B ! GRTE/ PRO( ( ALL IS DERIV$ F
OBS]V,NS WE H SU6ICI5TLY E/ABLI%$ ON
9SECTS4 ,=1 IF N 9 ALL1 AT L1/ 9 MO/ (
^!1 ! FEMALE 9 ! ACT ( COPUL,N 9S]TS A
"P ( H]F 96! MALE4 ,?1 Z WE SD 2F1 IS !
WAY !Y COPULATE1 =! FEMALES MANIFE/LY
9S]T ? F 2L 96! MALES ABV1 N 9 ALL
CASES1 B 9 MO/ ( ^? OBS]V$4 ,H;E X SEEMS
CLE> T1 :5 ! MALES D EMIT SEM51 !N AL !
CAUSE (! G5],N IS N XS -+ F ALL ! BODY1
B "S?+ ELSE : M/ 2 9VE/IGAT$ "HAF4 ,=
EV5 IF X 7 TRUE T X -ES F ALL ! BODY1 Z
!Y SAY1 !Y "\ N 6CLAIM T X -ES F ALL "PS
( X1 B ONLY F ! CR1TIVE "P- F ! "WMAN1 S
6SAY1 N ! MAT]IAL HE "WS IN4 ,9/1D ( T1
!Y TALK Z IF "O 7 6SAY T ! SEM5 -ES F !
%OES1 =1 G5],Y SP1K+1 IF A SON IS L 8
"F1 ! %OES HE WE>S >E L 8 "F'S %OES4
  ,Z 6! VEHEM;E ( PL1SURE 9 SEXUAL
9T]C\RSE1 X IS N 2C ! SEM5 -ES F ALL !
BODY1 B 2C "! IS A /R;G FRIC;N 7":=E IF
? 9T]C\RSE IS (T5 REP1T$ ! PL1SURE IS
DIM9I%$ 9 ! P]SONS 3C]N$74 ,MOREOV]1 !
PL1SURE IS AT ! 5D (! ACT1 B X "\1 ON !
!ORY1 6BE 9 EA* (! "PS1 & N AT ! SAME
"T1 B SOON] 9 "S & LAT] 9 O!RS4
  ,IF MUTILAT$ "Y >E BORN ( MUTILAT$
P>5TS1 X IS =! SAME R1SON Z T = : !Y >E
L !M4 ,&! "Y ( MUTILAT$ P>5TS >E N ALW
MUTILAT$1 J Z !Y >E N ALW L _! P>5TS2 !
CAUSE ( ? M/ 2 9QUIR$ 96LAT]1 = ? PRO#M
IS ! SAME Z T4
  ,AG1 IF ! FEMALE DOES N PRODUCE SEM51
X IS R1SONA# 6SUPPOSE X DOES N -E F ALL
! BODY (! MALE EI4 ,3V]SELY1 IF X DOES N
-E F ALL ! MALE X IS N UNR1SONA#
6SUPPOSE T X DOES N -E F ! FEMALE1 B T !
FEMALE IS CAUSE (! G5],N 9 "S O!R WAY4
,96? WE M/ NEXT 9QUIRE1 S9CE X IS PLA9 T
! SEM5 IS N SECRET$ F ALL ! "PS4
  ,9 ? 9VE/IG,N & ^? : FOLL[ F X1 ! F/
?+ 6D IS 6"U/& :AT SEM5 IS1 = !N X W 2
EASI] 69QUIRE 96XS OP],NS &! PH5OM5A
3NECT$ ) X4 ,N[ ! OBJECT ( SEM5 IS 6BE (
S* A NATURE T F X Z _! ORIG9 -E 962+ ^?
?+S : >E NATUR,Y =M$1 N 2C "! IS ANY
AG5T : MAKES !M F X Z SIMPLY 2C ? IS !
SEM54 ,N[ WE SP1K ( "O ?+ -+ F ANO!R 9
_M S5SES2 X IS "O ?+ :5 WE SAY T NI<T
-ES F "D OR A MAN 2COMES MAN F BOY1 M1N+
T ,A FOLL[S ;,B2 X IS ANO!R IF WE SAY T
A /ATUE IS MADE F BRONZE &A B$ F WOOD1 &
S ON 9 ALL ! O!R CASES ": WE SAY T ! ?+
MADE IS MADE F A MAT]IAL1 M1N+ T ! :OLE
IS =M$ F "S?+ PREEXI/+ : IS ONLY PUT
96%APE4 ,9 A ?IRD S5SE A MAN 2COMES
UNMUSICAL F 2+ MUSICAL1 SICK F 2+ WELL1
& G5],Y 9 ? S5SE 3TR>IES >ISE F 3TR>IES4
,F\R?LY1 Z 9 ! ,8CLIMAX0' ( ,EPI*>MUS2
?US F SL&] -ES RAIL+ & F ? FI<T+1 & ALL
^! >E F "S?+ 9 ! S5SE T X IS ! E6ICI5T
CAUSE4 ,9 ? LA/ CLASS "S"TS ! E6ICI5T
CAUSE IS 9 ! ?+S !MVS1 Z 9 ! LA/ M5;N$
7=! SL&] IS A "P (! :OLE TR\#71 & "S"TS
EXT]NAL1 Z ! >T IS EXT]NAL 6! "W ( >T OR
! TOR* 6! BURN+ H\SE4 ,N[ ! (FSPR+ -ES F
! SEM51 & X IS PLA9LY 9 "O (! TWO FOLL[+
S5SES T X DOES S- EI ! SEM5 IS ! MAT]IAL
F : X IS MADE1 OR X IS ! F/ E6ICI5T
CAUSE4 ,= ASSUR$LY X IS N 9 ! S5SE ( ,A
2+ AF ;,B1 Z ! VOYAGE -ES F1 I4E4 AF1 !
,PANA!NAEA2 NOR YET Z 3TR>IES -E F
3TR>IES1 = !N "O (! TWO 3TR>IES C1SES
6BE1 &A ?IRD SUB/.E M/ EXI/ Z AN IMM
"ULY+ BASIS F : ! NEW ?+ -ES 962+4 ,WE
M/ 4COV] !N1 9 : (! TWO O!R CLASSES !
SEM5 IS 6BE PUT1 :E!R X IS 6BE REG>D$ Z
MATT]1 & "!=E ACT$ ^U 0"S?+ ELSE1 OR Z A
=M1 & "!=E ACT+ ^U "S?+ ELSE1 OR Z BO?
AT ONCE4 ,= P]H AT ! SAME "T WE % SEE
CLE>LY AL H[ ALL ! PRODUCTS ( SEM5 -E
962+ F 3TR>IES1 S9CE -+ 962+ F 3TR>IES
IS AL A NATURAL PROCESS1 = "S ANIMALS D
S1 I4E4 F MALE & FEMALE1 O!RS F ONLY "O
P>5T1 Z IS ! CASE ) PLANTS & ALL ^?
ANIMALS 9 : MALE & FEMALE >E N SEP>ATELY
DI6]5TIAT$4 ,N[ T : -ES F ! G5]AT+ P>5T
IS CALL$ ! SEM9AL FLUID1 2+ T : F/ HAS 9
X A PR9CIPLE ( G5],N1 9 ! CASE ( ALL
ANIMALS ^: NATURE X IS 6UNITE2 SEM5 IS T
: HAS 9 X ! PR9CIPLES F BO? UNIT$ P>5TS1
Z ! F/ MIXTURE : >ISES F ! UNION ( MALE
& FEMALE1 2 X A FOETUS OR AN OVUM1 = ^!
ALR H 9 !M T : -ES F BO?4 7,SEM51 OR
SE$1 & GRA9 DI6] ONLY 9 ! "O 2+ E>LI] &!
O!R LAT]1 GRA9 9 T X -ES F "S?+ ELSE1
I4E4 ! SE$1 & SE$ 9 T "S?+ ELSE1 ! GRA91
-ES F X1 = BO? >E RE,Y ! SAME ?+47
  ,WE M/ AG TAKE UP ! "Q :AT ! PRIM>Y
NATURE ( :AT IS CALL$ SEM5 IS4 ,NE$S M/
"EY?+ : WE F9D 9 ! BODY EI 2 7#A7 "O (!
NATURAL "PS1 :E!R HOMOG5E\S OR
HET]OG5E\S1 OR 7#B7 AN UNNATURAL "P S* Z
A GR[?1 OR 7#C7 A SECRE;N OR EXCRE;N1 OR
7#D7 WA/E-PRODUCT1 OR 7#E7 NUTRI;T4
7,0SECRE;N OR EXCRE;N ,I M1N ! RESIDUE (
! NUTRI;T1 0WA/E-PRODUCT T : IS GIV5 (F
F ! TISSUES 0AN UNNATURAL DECOMPOSI;N47
  ,N[ T SEM5 _C 2 A "P (! BODY IS PLA91
= X IS HOMOG5E\S1 & F ! HOMOG5E\S NO?+
IS -POS$1 E4G4 F ONLY S9EW OR ONLY FLE%2
NOR IS X SEP>AT$ Z >E ALL ! O!R "PS4 ,B
NEI IS X 3TR>Y 6,NATURE NOR A DEFECT1 =
X EXI/S 9 ALL ALIKE1 &! DEVELOP;T (! "Y
ANIMAL -ES F X4 ,NUTRI;T1 AG1 IS
OBVI\SLY 9TRODUC$ F )\T4
  ,X REMA9S1 !N1 T X M/ 2 EI A WA/E-
PRODUCT OR A SECRE;N OR EXCRE;N4 ,N[ !
ANCI5TS SEEM 6?9K T X IS A WA/E-PRODUCT1
= :5 !Y SAY T X -ES F ALL ! BODY 0R1SON
(! H1T (! MOVE;T (! BODY 9 COPUL,N1 !Y
IMPLY T X IS A K9D ( WA/E-PRODUCT4 ,B ^!
>E 3TR>Y 6,NATURE1 & F S* >ISES NO?+ AC
6,NATURE4 ,S !N X M/ 2 A SECRE;N OR
EXCRE;N4
  ,B1 6G FUR!R 96X1 E SECRE;N OR EXCRE;N
IS EI ( USE.S OR USE;L NUTRI;T2 BY
,8USE.S0' ,I M1N T F : NO?+ FUR!R IS
3TRIBUT$ 6NATURAL GR[?1 B : IS "PICUL>LY
MIS*IEV\S 6! BODY IF TOO M* ( X IS
3SUM$2 BY ,8USE;L0' ,I M1N ! OPPOSITE4
,N[ X IS EVID5T T X _C 2 (! =M] "*1 = S*
IS MO/ ABUNDANT 9 P]SONS (! WOR/ 3DI;N (
BODY "? AGE OR SICK;S2 SEM51 ON ! 3TR>Y1
IS L1/ ABUNDANT 9 !M = EI !Y H N"O AT
ALL OR X IS N F]TILE1 2C A USE.S &
MORBID SECRE;N IS M+L$ ) X4
  ,SEM51 !N1 IS "P (A USE;L SECRE;N4 ,B
! MO/ USE;L IS ! LA/ & T F : F9,Y IS =M$
EA* (! "PS (! BODY4 ,= SECRE;NS >E EI
E>LI] OR LAT]2 (! NUTRI;T 9 ! F/ /AGE !
SECRE;N IS PHLEGM &! L1 = PHLEGM AL IS A
SECRE;N (! USE;L NUTRI;T1 AN 9DIC,N ( ?
2+ T IF X IS MIX$ ) PURE NUTRI;T X IS
N\RI%+1 & T X IS US$ UP 9 CASES ( ILL;S4
,! F9AL SECRE;N IS ! SMALLE/ 9 PROPOR;N
6! QUANT;Y ( NUTRI;T4 ,B WE M/ REFLECT T
! DAILY NUTRI;T 0: ANIMALS & PLANTS GR[
IS B SMALL1 = IF A V LL 2 A4$ 3T9U,Y 6!
SAME ?+ ! SIZE ( X W 2COME EXCESSIVE4
  ,S WE M/ SAY ! OPPOSITE ( :AT !
ANCI5TS SD4 ,= ":AS !Y SD T SEM5 IS T :
-ES F ALL ! BODY1 WE % SAY X IS T ^:
NATURE IS 6G 6ALL ( X1 & :AT !Y ?"\ A
WA/E-PRODUCT SEEMS R 6BE A SECRE;N4 ,= X
IS M R1SONA# 6SUPPOSE T ! LA/ EXTRACT (!
NUTRI;T : GOES 6ALL "PS RESEM#S T : IS
LEFT OV] F X1 J Z "P (A PA9T]'S COL\R IS
(T5 LEFT OV] RESEMBL+ T : HE HAS US$ UP4
,WA/E-PRODUCTS1 ON ! 3TR>Y1 >E ALW DUE
6CORRUP;N OR DECAY & 6A DE"PURE F
,NATURE4
  ,A FUR!R PRO( T X IS N A WA/E-PRODUCT1
B R A SECRE;N1 IS ! FACT T ! L>GE
ANIMALS H FEW "Y1 ! SMALL _M4 ,=! L>GE
M/ H M WA/E & LESS SECRE;N1 S9CE ! GRT
SIZE (! BODY CAUSES MO/ (! NUTRI;T 6BE
US$ UP1 S T ! RESIDUE OR SECRE;N IS
SMALL4
  ,AG1 NO PLACE HAS BE5 SET A"P 0,NATURE
= WA/E-PRODUCTS B !Y FL[ :]"E !Y C F9D
AN EASY PASSAGE 9 ! BODY1 B A PLACE HAS
BE5 SET A"P = ALL ! NATURAL SECRE;NS2
?US ! L[] 9TE/9E S]VES =! EXCRE;N (!
SOLID NUTRI;T1 ! BLA4] = T (! LIQUID2 =!
USE;L "P (! NUTRI;T WE H ! UPP] 9TE/9E1
=! SP]MATIC SECRE;NS ! UT]US & PUD5DA &
BR1/S1 = X IS COLLECT$ & FL[S TGR 96!M4
  ,&! RESULT+ PH5OM5A >E EVID;E T SEM5
IS :AT WE H SD1 & ^! RESULT 2C S* IS !
NATURE (! SECRE;N4 ,=! EXHAUS;N 3SEQU5T
ON ! LOSS ( EV5 A V LL (! SEM5 IS
3SPICU\S 2C ! BODY IS DEPRIV$ (!
ULTIMATE GA9 DRAWN F ! NUTRI;T4 ,) "S
FEW P]SONS1 X IS TRUE1 DUR+ A %ORT "T 9
! FL[] ( _! Y\? ! LOSS ( X1 IF X 2
EXCESSIVE 9 QUANT;Y1 IS AN ALLEVI,N 7J Z
9 ! CASE (! NUTRI;T 9 XS F/ /AGE1 IF TOO
M* H BE5 TAK51 S9CE GETT+ RID ( ? AL
MAKES ! BODY M -=TA#71 & S X MAY 2 AL :5
O!R SECRE;NS -E AWAY ) X1 = 9 T CASE X
IS N ONLY SEM5 T IS LO/ B AL O!R 9FLU;ES
-E AWAY M+L$ ) X1 & ^! >E MORBID4 ,":=E1
) "S M5 AT L1/1 T : -ES F !M PROVES
"S"TS 9CAPA# ( PROCRE,N 2C ! SEM9AL
ELE;T 9 X IS S SMALL4 ,B / 9 MO/ M5 & Z
A G5]AL RULE ! RESULT ( 9T]C\RSE IS
EXHAUS;N & W1K;S R ?AN RELIEF1 =! R1SON
GIV54 ,MOREOV]1 SEM5 DOES N EXI/ 9 !M EI
9 *ILDHOOD OR 9 OLD AGE OR 9 SICK;S- 9 !
LA/ CASE 2C ( W1K;S1 9 OLD AGE 2C !Y D N
SU6ICI5TLY 3COCT _! FOOD1 & 9 *ILDHOOD
2C !Y >E GR[+ & S ALL ! NUTRI;T IS US$
UP TOO SOON1 = 9 AB FIVE YE>S1 9 ! CASE
( HUMAN 2+S AT ANY RATE1 ! BODY SEEMS
6GA9 HALF ! HEI<T T IS GA9$ 9 ALL ! RE/
( LIFE4
  ,9 _M ANIMALS & PLANTS WE F9D A DI6];E
9 ? 3NEXION N ONLY 2T K9DS Z -P>$ )
K9DS1 B AL 2T SIMIL> 9DIVIDUALS (! SAME
K9D Z -P>$ ) EA* O!R1 E4G4 MAN ) MAN OR
V9E ) V9E4 ,"S H M* SEM51 O!RS LL1 O!RS
AG N"O AT ALL1 N "? W1K;S B ! 3TR>Y1 AT
ANY RATE 9 "S CASES4 ,? IS 2C ! NUTRI;T
IS US$ UP 6=M ! BODY1 Z ) "S HUMAN 2+S1
:O1 2+ 9 GD 3DI;N & DEVELOP+ M* FLE% OR
GETT+ R TOO FAT1 PRODUCE LESS SEM5 & >E
LESS DESIR\S ( 9T]C\RSE4 ,L ? IS :AT
HAPP5S ) ^? V9ES : ,8PLAY ! GOAT0'1 T
IS1 LUXURIATE WANTONLY "? TOO M*
NUTRI;N1 = HE-GOATS :5 FAT >E LESS 9CL9$
6M.T ! FEMALE2 = : R1SON !Y ?9 !M 2F
BRE$+ F !M1 & SAY T ! V9ES ,8PLAY !
GOAT0'1 S CALL+ X F ! 3DI;N (! GOATS4 ,&
FAT P1 WOM5 Z WELL Z M51 APPE> 6BE LESS
F]TILE ?AN O!RS F ! FACT T ! SECRE;N :5
9 PROCESS ( 3COC;N TURNS 6FAT ) ^? :O >E
TOO WELL-N\RI%$4 ,= FAT AL IS A H1L?Y
SECRE;N DUE 6GD LIV+4
  ,9 "S CASES NO SEM5 IS PRODUC$ AT ALL1
Z 0! WILL[ & POPL>4 ,? 3DI;N IS DUE 6EA*
(! TWO CAUSES1 W1K;S & /R5G?2 ! =M]
PREV5TS 3COC;N (! NUTRI;T1 ! LATT]
CAUSES X 6BE ALL 3SUM$1 Z SD ABV4 ,9 L
MANN] O!R ANIMALS PRODUCE M* SEM5 "?
W1K;S Z WELL Z "? /R5G?1 :5 A GRT
QUANT;Y (A USE.S SECRE;N IS MIX$ ) X2 ?
"S"TS RESULTS 9 ACTUAL 41SE :5 A PASSAGE
IS N F.D 6C>RY (F ! IMPUR;Y1 & ?\< "S
RECOV] ( ?1 O!RS ACTU,Y DIE ( X4 ,=
CORRUPT HUM\RS COLLECT "H Z 9 ! UR9E1 :
AL HAS BE5 "KN 6CAUSE 41SE4
  ,7,FUR!R ! SAME PASSAGE S]VES = UR9E &
SEM52 & :AT"E ANIMALS H BO? K9DS (
EXCRE;T1 T ( LIQUID & T ( SOLID NUTRI;T1
4*>GE ! SEM5 0! SAME PASSAGE Z ! LIQUID
EXCRE;T 7= X IS A SECRE;N (A LIQUID1
S9CE ! NUTRI;T ( ALL ANIMALS IS R LIQUID
?AN SOLID71 B ^? : H NO LIQUID EXCRE;T
4*>GE X AT ! PASSAGE (! SOLID RESIDUA4
,MOREOV]1 WA/E-PRODUCTS >E ALW MORBID1 B
! REMOVAL (! SECRE;N IS USE;L2 N[ !
4*>GE (! SEM5 "PICIPATES 9 BO? "*I/ICS
2C X TAKES UP "S (! NON-USE;L NUTRI;T4
,B IF X 7 A WA/E-PRODUCT X WD 2 ALW
H>M;L2 Z X IS1 X IS N S47'
  ,F :AT HAS BE5 SD1 X IS CLE> T SEM5 IS
A SECRE;N ( USE;L NUTRI;T1 & T 9 XS LA/
/AGE1 :E!R X IS PRODUC$ 0ALL OR NO4
                  #AI
  ,AF ? WE M/ 4T+UI% ( :AT SORT (
NUTRI;T X IS A SECRE;N1 & M/ 4CUSS !
CATAM5IA : O3UR 9 C]TA9 (! VIVIP>A4 ,=
?US WE % MAKE X CLE> 7#A7 :E!R ! FEMALE
AL PRODUCES SEM5 L ! MALE &! FOETUS IS A
S+LE MIXTURE ( TWO SEM5S1 OR :E!R NO
SEM5 IS SECRET$ 0! FEMALE1 &1 7#B7 IF N1
:E!R %E 3TRIBUTES NO?+ ELSE EI 6G5],N B
ONLY PROVIDES A RECEPTACLE1 OR :E!R %E
DOES 3TRIBUTE "S?+1 &1 IF S1 H[ & 9 :AT
MANN] %E DOES S4
  ,WE H PREVI\SLY /AT$ T ! F9AL NUTRI;T
IS ! BLOOD 9 ! SANGU9EA &! ANALOG\S
FLUID 9 ! O!R ANIMALS4 ,S9CE ! SEM5 IS
AL A SECRE;N (! NUTRI;T1 & T 9 XS F9AL
/AGE1 X FOLL[S T X W 2 EI 7#A7 BLOOD OR
T : IS ANALOG\S 6BLOOD1 OR 7#B7 "S?+ =M$
F ?4 ,B S9CE X IS F ! BLOOD1 :5 3COCT$ &
"SH[ DIVID$ UP1 T EA* "P (! BODY IS
MADE1 & S9CE ! SEM5 IF PROP]LY 3COCT$ IS
Q (A DI6]5T "* F ! BLOOD :5 X IS SEP>AT$
F X1 B IF N PROP]LY 3COCT$ HAS BE5 "KN 9
"S CASES 6ISSUE 9 A BLOODY 3DI;N IF "O
=CES "OF TOO (T5 6COI;N1 "!=E X IS PLA9
T SEM5 W 2 A SECRE;N (! NUTRI;T :5
REDUC$ 6BLOOD1 2+ T : IS F9,Y 4TRIBUT$
6! "PS (! BODY4 ,& ? IS ! R1SON :Y X HAS
S GRT P[]1 =! LOSS (! PURE & H1L?Y BLOOD
IS AN EXHAU/+ ?+2 = ? R1SON AL X IS
NATURAL T ! (FSPR+ %D RESEM# ! P>5TS1 =
T : GOES 6ALL ! "PS (! BODY RESEM#S T :
IS LEFT OV]4 ,S T ! SEM5 : IS 6=M ! H&
OR ! FACE OR ! :OLE ANIMAL IS ALR ! H&
OR FACE OR :OLE ANIMAL UNDI6]5TIAT$1 &
:AT EA* ( !M IS ACTU,Y S* IS ! SEM5
POT5TI,Y1 EI 9 VIRTUE ( XS [N MASS OR 2C
X HAS A C]TA9 P[] 9 XF4 ,I M5;N ^!
ALT]NATIVES "H 2C WE H N YET MADE X CLE>
F ! 4T9C;NS DRAWN HI!RTO :E!R X IS !
MATT] (! SEM5 T IS ! CAUSE ( G5],N1 OR
:E!R X HAS 9 X "S FACULTY & E6ICI5T
CAUSE "!(1 =! H& AL OR ANY O!R BODILY "P
IS N H& OR O!R "P 9 A TRUE S5SE IF X 2
)\T S\L OR "S O!R P[]1 B IS ONLY CALL$
0! SAME "N Z ! LIV+ H&4
  ,ON ? SUBJECT1 !N1 S M* MAY 2 LAID
D[N4 ,B S9CE X IS NEC 7#A7 T ! W1K]
ANIMAL AL %D H A SECRE;N GRT] 9 QUANT;Y
& LESS 3COCT$1 & 7#B7 T 2+ ( S* A NATURE
X %D 2 A MASS ( SANGU9E\S LIQUID1 & 7#C7
S9CE T : ,NATURE 5D[S )A SMALL] POR;N (
H1T IS W1K]1 & 7#D7 S9CE X HAS ALR BE5
/AT$ T S* IS ! "* (! FEMALE- PUTT+ ALL
^! 3SID],NS TGR WE SEE T ! SANGU9E\S
MATT] 4*>G$ 0! FEMALE IS AL A SECRE;N4
,& S* IS ! 4*>GE (! S-CALL$ CATAM5IA4
  ,X IS PLA91 !N1 T ! CATAM5IA >E A
SECRE;N1 & T !Y >E ANALOG\S 9 FEMALES 6!
SEM5 9 MALES4 ,! CIRCUM/.ES 3NECT$ ) !M
>E EVID;E T ? VIEW IS CORRECT4 ,=! SEM5
2G9S 6APPE> 9 MALES & 6BE EMITT$ AT !
SAME "T ( LIFE T ! CATAM5IA 2G9 6FL[ 9
FEMALES1 & T !Y *ANGE _! VOICE & _!
BR1/S 2G9 6DEVELOP4 ,S1 TOO1 9 ! DECL9E
( LIFE ! G5]ATIVE P[] FAILS 9 ! "O SEX &
! CATAM5IA 9 ! O!R4
  ,! FOLL[+ SIGNS AL 9DICATE T ? 4*>GE 9
FEMALES IS A SECRE;N4 ,G5],Y SP1K+ WOM5
SU6] NEI F HAEMORRHOIDS NOR BLE$+ AT !
NOSE NOR ANY?+ ELSE (! SORT EXCEPT :5 !
CATAM5IA >E C1S+1 & IF ANY?+ (! K9D
O3URS ! FL[ IS 9T]F]$ ) 2C ! 4*>GE IS
DIV]T$ 6X4
  ,FUR!R1 ! BLOOD-VESSELS ( WOM5 /& \
LESS ?AN ^? ( M51 & WOM5 >E R.D] &
SMOO!R 2C ! SECRE;N : 9 M5 GOES 6^!
VESSELS IS DRA9$ AWAY )! CATAM5IA4 ,WE
M/ SUPPOSE1 TOO1 T ! SAME CAUSE A3.TS =!
FACT T ! BULK (! BODY IS SMALL] 9
FEMALES ?AN 9 MALES AM;G ! VIVIP>A1 S9CE
? IS ! ONLY CLASS 9 : ! CATAM5IA >E
4*>G$ F ! BODY4 ,& 9 ? CLASS ! FACT IS
CLE>E/ 9 WOM51 =! 4*>GE IS GRT] 9 WOM5
?AN 9 ! O!R ANIMALS4 ,":=E H] PALLOR &!
ABS;E ( PROM95T BLOOD-VESSELS IS MO/
3SPICU\S1 &! DEFICI5T DEVELOP;T ( H]
BODY -P>$ )A MAN'S IS OBVI\S4
  ,N[ S9CE ? IS :AT CORRESPONDS 9 !
FEMALE 6! SEM5 9 ! MALE1 & S9CE X IS N
POSSI# T TWO S* 4*>GES %D 2 F.D TGR1 X
IS PLA9 T ! FEMALE DOES N 3TRIBUTE SEM5
6! G5],N (! (FSPR+4 ,= IF %E _H SEM5 %E
WD N H ! CATAM5IA2 B1 Z X IS1 2C %E HAS
! LATT] %E HAS N ! =M]4
  ,X HAS BE5 /AT$ !N T ! CATAM5IA >E A
SECRE;N Z ! SEM5 IS1 & 3FIRM,N ( ? VIEW
MAY 2 DRAWN F "S (! PH5OM5A ( ANIMALS4
,= FAT CR1TURES PRODUCE LESS SEM5 ?AN
L1N "OS1 Z OBS]V$ 2F4 ,! R1SON IS T FAT
AL1 L SEM51 IS A SECRE;N1 IS 9 FACT
3COCT$ BLOOD1 ONLY N 3COCT$ 9 ! SAME WAY
Z ! SEM54 ,?US1 IF ! SECRE;N IS 3SUM$
6=M FAT ! SEM5 IS NATUR,Y DEFICI5T4 ,& S
AM;G ! BLOOD.S ANIMALS ! CEPHALOPODA &
CRU/ACEA >E 9 BE/ 3DI;N AB ! "T (
PRODUC+ E7S1 =1 2C !Y >E BLOOD.S & NO
FAT IS =M$ 9 !M1 T : IS ANALOG\S 9 !M
6FAT IS AT T S1SON DRAWN (F 6=M !
SP]MATIC SECRE;N4
  ,&A PRO( T ! FEMALE DOES N EMIT SIMIL>
SEM5 6! MALE1 & T ! (FSPR+ IS N =M$ 0A
MIXTURE ( BO?1 Z "S SAY1 IS T (T5 !
FEMALE 3CVS )\T ! S5S,N ( PL1SURE 9
9T]C\RSE1 & IF AG ! PL1SURE IS EXP]I;E
0H] NO LESS ?AN 0! MALE &! TWO SEXES R1*
_! GOAL TGR1 YET (T5 NO 3CEP;N TAKES
PLACE UN.S ! LIQUID (! S-CALL$ CATAM5IA
IS PRES5T 9 A "R PROPOR;N4 ,H;E ! FEMALE
DOES N PRODUCE "Y IF ! CATAM5IA >E ABS5T
ALT1 NOR (T5 :51 !Y 2+ PRES5T1 ! E6LUX /
3T9UES2 B %E DOES S AF ! PURG,N4 ,= 9 !
"O CASE %E HAS N ! NUTRI;T OR MAT]IAL F
: ! FOETUS C 2 FRAM$ 0! P[] -+ F ! MALE
& 9H]5T 9 ! SEM51 & 9 ! O!R X IS WA%$
AWAY )! CATAM5IA 2C ( _! ABUND.E4 ,B :5
AF _! O3URR;E ! GRT] "P HAS BE5
EVACUAT$1 ! REMA9D] IS =M$ 96A FOETUS4
,CASES ( 3CEP;N :5 ! CATAM5IA D N O3UR
AT ALL1 OR ( 3CEP;N DUR+ _! 4*>GE 9/1D (
AF X1 >E DUE 6! FACT T 9 ! =M] 9/.E "!
IS ONLY S M* LIQUID 62G9 ) Z REMA9S 2H
AF ! 4*>GE 9 F]TILE WOM51 & NO GRT]
QUANT;Y IS SECRET$ S Z 6-E AWAY F !
BODY1 :ILE 9 ! LATT] 9/.E ! M\? (! UT]US
CLOSES AF ! 4*>GE4 ,:51 "!=E1 ! QUANT;Y
ALR EXPELL$ F ! BODY IS GRT B ! 4*>GE /
3T9UES1 ONLY N ON S* A SCALE Z 6WA% AWAY
! SEM51 !N X IS T 3CEP;N A3OMPANIES
COI;N4 ,NOR IS X AT ALL /RANGE T !
CATAM5IA %D / 3T9UE AF 3CEP;N 7= EV5 AF
X !Y RECUR 6"S EXT5T1 B >E SCANTY & D N
LA/ DUR+ ALL ! P]IOD ( GE/,N2 ?1 H["E1
IS A MORBID PH5OM5ON1 ":=E X IS F.D ONLY
9 A FEW CASES & !N SELDOM1 ":AS X IS T :
HAPP5S Z A REGUL> ?+ T IS AC 6,NATURE74
  ,X IS CLE> !N T ! FEMALE 3TRIBUTES !
MAT]IAL = G5],N1 & T ? IS 9 ! SUB/.E (!
CATAM5IA1 & T !Y >E A SECRE;N4
                  #BJ
  ,"S ?9K T ! FEMALE 3TRIBUTES SEM5 9
COI;N 2C ! PL1SURE %E EXP]I;ES IS "S"TS
SIMIL> 6T (! MALE1 & AL IS ATT5D$ 0A
LIQUID 4*>GE4 ,B ? 4*>GE IS N SEM9AL2 X
IS M]ELY PROP] 6! "P 3C]N$ 9 EA* CASE1 =
"! IS A 4*>GE F ! UT]US : O3URS 9 "S
WOM5 B N 9 O!RS4 ,X IS F.D 9 ^? :O >E
FAIR-SK9N$ &(A FEM99E TYPE G5],Y1 B N 9
^? :O >E D>K &(A MASCUL9E APPE>.E4 ,!
AM.T ( ? 4*>GE1 :5 X O3URS1 IS "S"TS ON
A DI6]5T SCALE F ! EMIS.N ( SEM5 & F>
EXCE$S X4 ,MOREOV]1 DI6]5T K9DS ( FOOD
CAUSE A GRT DI6];E 9 ! QUANT;Y ( S*
4*>GES2 = 9/.E "S PUNG5TLY-FLAV\R$ FOODS
CAUSE !M 6BE 3SPICU\SLY 9CR1S$4 ,& Z 6!
PL1SURE : A3OMPANIES COI;N X IS DUE
6EMIS.N N ONLY ( SEM51 B AL (A _SUS1 !
-+ TGR ( : PREC$ES ! EMIS.N4 ,? IS PLA9
9 ! CASE ( BOYS :O >E N YET A# 6EMIT
SEM51 B >E NE> ! PROP] AGE1 &( M5 :O >E
IMPOT5T1 = ALL ^! >E CAPA# ( PL1SURE
0ATTRI;N4 ,& ^? :O H BE5 9JUR$ 9 !
G5]ATIVE ORGANS "S"TS SU6] F DI>RHOEA 2C
! SECRE;N1 : !Y >E N A# 63COCT & TURN
96SEM51 IS DIV]T$ 96! 9TE/9E4 ,N[ A BOY
IS L A WOMAN 9 =M1 &! WOMAN IS Z X 7 AN
IMPOT5T MALE1 = X IS "? A C]TA9 9CAPAC;Y
T ! FEMALE IS FEMALE1 2+ 9CAPA# ( 3COCT+
! NUTRI;T 9 XS LA/ /AGE 96SEM5 7& ? IS
EI BLOOD OR T : IS ANALOG\S 6X 9 ANIMALS
: >E BLOOD.S [+ 6! COLD;S ( _! NATURE74
,Z !N DI>RHOEA IS CAUS$ 9 ! B[ELS 0!
9SU6ICI5T 3COC;N (! BLOOD1 S >E CAUS$ 9
! BLOOD-VESSELS ALL 4*>GES ( BLOOD1
9CLUD+ T (! CATAM5IA1 = ? AL IS S* A
4*>GE1 ONLY X IS NATURAL ":AS ! O!RS >E
MORBID4
  ,?US X IS CLE> T X IS R1SONA# 6SUPPOSE
T G5],N -ES F ?4 ,=! CATAM5IA >E SEM5 N
9 A PURE /ATE B 9 NE$ ( "W+ UP1 Z 9 !
=M,N ( FRUITS ! NUTRI;T IS PRES5T1 :5 X
IS N YET SIFT$ ?OR\<LY1 B NE$S "W+ UP
6PURIFY X4 ,?US ! CATAM5IA CAUSE G5],N
MIXTURE )! SEM51 Z ? IMPURE NUTRI;T 9
PLANTS IS NUTRITI\S :5 MIX$ ) PURE
NUTRI;T4
  ,&A SIGN T ! FEMALE DOES N EMIT SEM5
IS ! FACT T ! PL1SURE ( 9T]C\RSE IS
CAUS$ 0T\* 9 ! SAME REGION (! FEMALE Z (
! MALE2 & YET IS X N F ?;E T ? FL[
PROCE$S4 ,FUR!R1 X IS N ALL FEMALES T H
X AT ALL1 B ONLY ! SANGU9EA1 & N ALL EV5
( ^!1 B ONLY ^? ^: UT]US IS N NE> !
HYPOZOMA & : D N LAY E7S2 X IS N F.D 9 !
ANIMALS : H NO BLOOD B ONLY ! ANALOG\S
FLUID 7= :AT IS BLOOD 9 ! =M] IS
REPRES5T$ 0ANO!R FLUID 9 ! LATT]74 ,!
R1SON :Y NEI ! LATT] NOR ^? SANGU9EA
M5;N$ 7I4E4 ^? ^: UT]US IS L[ & : D N
LAY E7S7 H ? E6LUXION IS ! DRY;S ( _!
BODIES2 ? ALL[S B LL MATT] 6BE SECRET$1
ONLY 5 = G5],N B N 5 6BE 4*>G$ F ! BODY4
,ALL ANIMALS T >E VIVIP>\S )\T PRODUC+
E7S F/ 7S* >E MAN & ALL QUADRUP$S : B5D
_! H9D-LEGS \TW>DS1 = ALL ^! >E VIVIP>\S
)\T PRODUC+ E7S7- ALL ^! H ! CATAM5IA1
UN.S !Y >E DEFECTIVE 9 DEVELOP;T Z !
MULE1 ONLY ! E6LUX IS N ABUNDANT Z 9
WOM54 ,DETAILS (! FACTS 9 EA* ANIMAL H
BE5 GIV5 9 ! ,5QUIRIES 3C]N+ ANIMALS4
  ,! CATAM5IA >E M ABUNDANT 9 WOM5 ?AN 9
! O!R ANIMALS1 & M5 EMIT ! MO/ SEM5 9
PROPOR;N 6_! SIZE4 ,! R1SON IS T !
-POSI;N ( _! BODIES IS LIQUID & HOT -P>$
6O!RS1 = M MATT] M/ 2 SECRET$ 9 S* A
CASE4 ,FUR!R1 MAN HAS NO S* "PS 9 8 BODY
Z ^? 6: ! SUP]FLU\S MATT] IS DIV]T$ 9 !
O!R ANIMALS2 = HE HAS NO GRT QUANT;Y (
HAIR 9 PROPOR;N 6HIS BODY1 NOR \TGR[?S (
B"OS1 HORNS1 & TEE?4
  ,"! IS EVID;E T ! SEM5 IS 9 !
CATAM5IA1 =1 Z SD 2F1 ? SECRE;N APPE>S 9
! MALE AT ! SAME "T ( LIFE Z ! CATAM5IA
9 ! FEMALE2 ? 9DICATES T ! "PS DE/9$
6RCV EA* ( ^! SECRE;NS >E DI6]5TIAT$ AT
! SAME "T 9 BO? SEXES2 & Z ! NEI<BOR+
"PS 9 BO? 2COME SWOLL5 ! HAIR ( PUB]TY
SPR+S =? 9 BO? ALIKE4 ,Z ! "PS 9 "Q >E
ON ! PO9T ( DI6]5TIAT+ !Y >E 4T5D$ 0!
_SUS2 ? IS CLE>] 9 MALES 9 ! TE/ES1 B
APPE>S AL AB ! BR1/S2 9 FEMALES X IS M
M>K$ 9 ! BR1/S1 = X IS :5 !Y H RIS5 TWO
F+]S' BR1D? T ! CATAM5IA G5],Y 2G94
  ,N[1 9 ALL LIV+ ?+S 9 : ! MALE &
FEMALE >E N SEP>AT$ ! SEM5 7OR SE$7 IS A
SORT ( EMBRYO2 0EMBRYO ,I M1N ! F/
MIXTURE ( MALE & FEMALE2 H;E1 F "O SEM5
-ES "O BODYS- = EXAMPLE1 "O /ALK ( :1T F
"O GRA91 Z "O ANIMAL F "O EGG 7= TW9 E7S
>E RE,Y TWO E7S74 ,B 9 :AT"E K9DS !
SEXES >E 4T+UI%$1 9 ^! _M ANIMALS MAY -E
F "O EMIS.N ( SEM51 %[+ T ! SEM5 DI6]S 9
XS NATURE 9 PLANTS & ANIMALS4 ,A PRO( (
? IS T ANIMALS : C BE> M ?AN "O "Y "O AT
A "T D S 9 3SEQU;E ( ONLY "O COI;N4
,":BY1 TOO1 X IS PLA9 T ! SEM5 DOES N -E
F ! :OLE (! BODY2 = NEI WD ! DI6]5T "PS
(! SEM5 ALR 2 SEP>AT$ Z SOON Z 4*>G$ F !
SAME "P1 NOR CD !Y 2 SEP>AT$ 9 ! UT]US
IF !Y _H ONCE 5T]$ X ALL TGR2 B :AT DOES
HAPP5 IS J :AT "O WD EXPECT1 S9CE :AT !
MALE 3TRIBUTES 6G5],N IS ! =M &! E6ICI5T
CAUSE1 :ILE ! FEMALE 3TRIBUTES !
MAT]IAL4 ,9 FACT1 Z 9 ! COAGUL,N ( MILK1
! MILK 2+ ! MAT]IAL1 ! FIG-JUICE OR
R5NET IS T : 3TA9S ! CURDL+ PR9CIPLE1 S
ACTS ! SECRE;N (! MALE1 2+ DIVID$ 96"PS
9 ! FEMALE4 ,:Y X IS "S"TS DIVID$ 96M OR
FEW] "PS1 & "S"TS N DIVID$ AT ALL1 W 2 !
SUBJECT ( ANO!R 4CUS.N4 ,B 2C X DOES N
DI6] 9 K9D AT ANY RATE ? DOES N MATT]1 B
:AT DOES MATT] IS ONLY T EA* "P %D
CORRESPOND 6! MAT]IAL1 2+ NEI TOO LL
63COCT X & FIX X 96=M1 NOR TOO M* S Z
6DRY X UP2 X !N G5]ATES A NUMB] (
(FSPR+4 ,B F ? F/ =MATIVE SEM51 IF X
REMA9S "O1 & IS N DIVID$1 ONLY "O "Y "O
-ES 962+4
  ,T1 !N1 ! FEMALE DOES N 3TRIBUTE SEM5
6G5],N1 B DOES 3TRIBUTE "S?+1 & T ? IS !
MATT] (! CATAM5IA1 OR T : IS ANALOG\S 6X
9 BLOOD.S ANIMALS1 IS CLE> F :AT HAS BE5
SD1 & AL F A G5]AL & AB/RACT SURVEY (!
"Q4 ,= "! M/ NE$S 2 T : G5]ATES & T F :
X G5]ATES2 EV5 IF ^! 2 "O1 / !Y M/ 2
4T9CT 9 =M & _! ESS;E M/ 2 DI6]5T2 & 9
^? ANIMALS T H ^! P[]S SEP>ATE 9 TWO
SEXES ! BODY & NATURE (! ACTIVE &!
PASSIVE SEX M/ AL DI6]4 ,IF1 !N1 ! MALE
/&S =! E6ECTIVE & ACTIVE1 &! FEMALE1
3SID]$ Z FEMALE1 =! PASSIVE1 X FOLL[S T
:AT ! FEMALE WD 3TRIBUTE 6! SEM5 (! MALE
WD N 2 SEM5 B MAT]IAL =! SEM5 6"W ^U4 ,?
IS J :AT WE F9D 6BE ! CASE1 =! CATAM5IA
H 9 _! NATURE AN A69;Y 6! PRIMITIVE
MATT]4
                  #BA
  ,S M* =! 4CUS.N ( ? "Q4 ,AT ! SAME "T
! ANSW] 6! NEXT "Q WE H 69VE/IGATE IS
CLE> F ^! 3SID],NS1 ,I M1N H[ X IS T !
MALE 3TRIBUTES 6G5],N & H[ X IS T ! SEM5
F ! MALE IS ! CAUSE (! (FSPR+4 ,DOES X
EXI/ 9 ! BODY (! EMBRYO Z A "P ( X F !
F/1 M+L+ )! MAT]IAL : -ES F ! FEMALE8
,OR DOES ! SEM5 -MUNICATE NO?+ 6!
MAT]IAL BODY (! EMBRYO B ONLY 6! P[] &
MOVE;T 9 X8 ,= ? P[] IS T : ACTS &
MAKES1 :ILE T : IS MADE & RCVS ! =M IS !
RESIDUE (! SECRE;N 9 ! FEMALE4 ,N[ !
LATT] ALT]NATIVE APPE>S 6BE ! "R "O BO?
A PRIORI & 9 VIEW (! FACTS4 ,=1 IF WE
3SID] ! "Q ON G5]AL GR.DS1 WE F9D T1
:5"E "O ?+ IS MADE F TWO ( : "O IS
ACTIVE &! O!R PASSIVE1 ! ACTIVE AG5T
DOES N EXI/ 9 T : IS MADE2 &1 / M G5],Y1
! SAME APPLIES :5 "O ?+ MOVES & ANO!R IS
MOV$2 ! MOV+ ?+ DOES N EXI/ 9 T : IS
MOV$4 ,B ! FEMALE1 Z FEMALE1 IS PASSIVE1
&! MALE1 Z MALE1 IS ACTIVE1 &! PR9CIPLE
(! MOVE;T -ES F HM4 ,"!=E1 IF WE TAKE !
HI<E/ G5]A "U : !Y EA* FALL1 ! "O 2+
ACTIVE & MOTIVE &! O!R PASSIVE & MOV$1 T
"O ?+ : IS PRODUC$ -ES F !M ONLY 9 !
S5SE 9 : A B$ -ES 962+ F ! C>P5T] &!
WOOD1 OR 9 : A BALL -ES 962+ F ! WAX &!
=M4 ,X IS PLA9 !N T X IS N NEC T ANY?+
AT ALL %D -E AWAY F ! MALE1 & IF ANY?+
DOES -E AWAY X DOES N FOLL[ T ? GIVES
RISE 6! EMBRYO Z 2+ 9 ! EMBRYO1 B ONLY Z
T : IM"PS ! MO;N & Z ! =M2 S ! M$ICAL >T
CURES ! PATI5T4
  ,? A PRIORI >GU;T IS 3FIRM$ 0! FACTS4
,= X IS = ? R1SON T "S MALES : UNITE )!
FEMALE D N1 X APPE>S1 9S]T ANY "P ( !MVS
96! FEMALE1 B ON ! 3TR>Y ! FEMALE 9S]TS
A "P ( H]F 96! MALE2 ? O3URS 9 "S
9SECTS4 ,=! E6ECT PRODUC$ 0! SEM5 9 !
FEMALE 7IN ! CASE ( ^? ANIMALS ^: MALES
D 9S]T A "P7 IS PRODUC$ 9 ! CASE ( ^!
9SECTS 0! H1T & P[] 9 ! MALE ANIMAL XF
:5 ! FEMALE 9S]TS T "P ( H]F : RCVS !
SECRE;N4 ,& "!=E S* ANIMALS REMA9 UNIT$
A L;G "T1 & :5 !Y >E SEP>AT$ ! "Y >E
PRODUC$ QKLY4 ,=! UNION LA/S UNTIL T :
IS ANALOG\S 6! SEM5 HAS D"O XS "W1 & :5
!Y SEP>ATE ! FEMALE PRODUCES ! EMBRYO
QKLY2 =! "Y IS IMP]FECT 9ASM* Z ALL S*
CR1TURES GIVE BIR? 6SCOLECES4
  ,:AT O3URS 9 BIRDS & OVIP>\S FI%ES IS
! GRTE/ PRO( T NEI DOES ! SEM5 -E F ALL
"PS (! MALE NOR DOES HE EMIT ANY?+ ( S*
A NATURE Z 6EXI/ )9 T : IS G5]AT$1 Z "P
(! MAT]IAL EMBRYO1 B T HE ONLY MAKES A
LIV+ CR1TURE 0! P[] : RESIDES 9 ! SEM5
7Z WE SD 9 ! CASE ( ^? 9SECTS ^: FEMALES
9S]T A "P ( !MVS 96! MALE74 ,= IF A H5-
BIRD IS 9 PROCESS ( PRODUC+ W9D-E7S & IS
!N TRO45 0! COCK 2F ! EGG HAS 2GUN 6:IT5
& :ILE X IS ALL / YELL[1 !N !Y 2COME
F]TILE 9/1D ( 2+ W9D-E7S4 ,& IF :ILE X
IS / YELL[ %E 2 TRO45 0ANO!R COCK1 !
:OLE BROOD ( *ICKS TURN \ L ! SECOND
COCK4 ,H;E "S ( ^? :O >E ANXI\S 6RE> F9E
BIRDS ACT ?US2 !Y *ANGE ! COCKS =! F/ &
SECOND TR1D+1 N Z IF !Y ?"\ T ! SEM5 IS
M+L$ )! EGG OR EXI/S 9 X1 OR T X -ES F
ALL "PS (! COCK2 = IF X DID X WD H -E F
BO? COCKS1 S T ! *ICK WD H ALL XS "PS
D\#D4 ,B X IS 0XS =CE T ! SEM5 (! MALE
GIVES A C]TA9 QUAL;Y 6! MAT]IAL &!
NUTRI;T 9 ! FEMALE1 =! SECOND SEM5 A4$
6! F/ C PRODUCE ? E6ECT 0H1T & 3COC;N1 Z
! EGG ACQUIRES NUTRI;T S L;G Z X IS
GR[+4
  ,! SAME 3CLU.N IS 6BE DRAWN F ! G5],N
( OVIP>\S FI%ES4 ,:5 ! FEMALE HAS LAID
H] E7S1 ! MALE SP9KLES ! MILT OV] !M1 &
^? E7S >E F]TILIZ$ : X R1*ES1 B N !
O!RS2 ? %[S T ! MALE DOES N 3TRIBUTE
ANY?+ 6! QUANT;Y B ONLY 6! QUAL;Y (!
EMBRYO4
  ,F :AT HAS BE5 SD X IS PLA9 T ! SEM5
DOES N -E F ! :OLE (! BODY (! MALE 9 ^?
ANIMALS : EMIT X1 & T ! 3TRIBU;N (!
FEMALE 6! G5]ATIVE PRODUCT IS N ! SAME Z
T (! MALE1 B ! MALE 3TRIBUTES ! PR9CIPLE
( MOVE;T &! FEMALE ! MAT]IAL4 ,? IS :Y !
FEMALE DOES N PRODUCE (FSPR+ 0H]F1 = %E
NE$S A PR9CIPLE1 I4E4 "S?+ 62G9 ! MOVE;T
9 ! EMBRYO & 6DEF9E ! =M X IS 6ASSUME4
,YET 9 "S ANIMALS1 Z BIRDS1 ! NATURE (!
FEMALE UNASSI/$ C G5]ATE 6A C]TA9 EXT5T1
= !Y D =M "S?+1 ONLY X IS 9COMPLETE2 ,I
M1N ! S-CALL$ W9D-E7S4
                  #BB
  ,=! SAME R1SON ! DEVELOP;T (! EMBRYO
TAKES PLACE 9 ! FEMALE2 NEI ! MALE HMF
NOR ! FEMALE EMITS SEM5 96! MALE1 B !
FEMALE RCVS )9 H]F ! %>E 3TRIBUT$ 0BO?1
2C 9 ! FEMALE IS ! MAT]IAL F : IS MADE !
RESULT+ PRODUCT4 ,N ONLY M/ ! MASS (
MAT]IAL EXI/ "! F : ! EMBRYO IS =M$ 9 !
F/ 9/.E1 B FUR!R MAT]IAL M/ 3/ANTLY 2
A4$ T X MAY 9CR1SE 9 SIZE4 ,"!=E ! BIR?
M/ TAKE PLACE 9 ! FEMALE4 ,=! C>P5T] M/
KEEP 9 CLOSE 3NEXION ) 8 TIMB] &! POTT]
) 8 CLAY1 & G5],Y ALL "WMAN%IP &!
ULTIMATE MOVE;T IM"P$ 6MATT] M/ 2 3NECT$
)! MAT]IAL 3C]N$1 Z1 = 9/.E1 >*ITECTURE
IS 9 ! BUILD+S X MAKES4
  ,F ^! 3SID],NS WE MAY AL GA!R H[ X IS
T ! MALE 3TRIBUTES 6G5],N4 ,! MALE DOES
N EMIT SEM5 AT ALL 9 "S ANIMALS1 & ": HE
DOES ? IS NO "P (! RESULT+ EMBRYO2 J S
NO MAT]IAL "P -ES F ! C>P5T] 6! MAT]IAL1
I4E4 ! WOOD 9 : HE "WS1 NOR DOES ANY "P
(! C>P5T]'S >T EXI/ )9 :AT HE MAKES1 B !
%APE &! =M >E IM"P$ F HM 6! MAT]IAL
0M1NS (! MO;N HE SETS UP4 ,X IS 8 H&S T
MOVE 8 TOOLS1 8 TOOLS T MOVE ! MAT]IAL2
X IS 8 K ( 8 >T1 & 8 S\L1 9 : IS ! =M1 T
MOVES 8 H&S OR ANY O!R "P ( HM )A MO;N (
"S DEF9ITE K9D1 A MO;N V>Y+ )! V>Y+
NATURE (! OBJECT MADE4 ,9 L MANN]1 9 !
MALE ( ^? ANIMALS : EMIT SEM5 ,NATURE
USES ! SEM5 Z A TOOL & Z POSSESS+ MO;N 9
ACTUAL;Y1 J Z TOOLS >E US$ 9 ! PRODUCTS
( ANY >T1 = 9 !M LIES 9 A C]TA9 S5SE !
MO;N (! >T4 ,S*1 !N1 IS ! WAY 9 : ^!
MALES 3TRIBUTE 6G5],N4 ,B :5 ! MALE DOES
N EMIT SEM51 B ! FEMALE 9S]TS "S "P (
H]F 96! MALE1 ? IS P>ALLEL 6A CASE 9 : A
MAN %D C>RY ! MAT]IAL 6! "WMAN4 ,=
0R1SON ( W1K;S 9 S* MALES ,NATURE IS N
A# 6D ANY?+ 0ANY SECOND>Y M1NS1 B !
MOVE;TS IM"P$ 6! MAT]IAL >E SC>CELY /R;G
5 :5 ,NATURE H]F WAT*ES OV] !M4 ,?US "H
%E RESEM#S A MODELL] 9 CLAY R ?AN A
C>P5T]1 = %E DOES N T\* ! "W %E IS =M+
0M1NS ( TOOLS1 B1 Z X W]E1 ) H] [N H&S4
                  #BC
  ,9 ALL ANIMALS : C MOVE AB1 ! SEXES >E
SEP>AT$1 "O 9DIVIDUAL 2+ MALE & "O
FEMALE1 ?\< BO? >E ! SAME 9 SPECIES1 Z )
MAN & HORSE4 ,B 9 PLANTS ^! P[]S >E
M+L$1 FEMALE N 2+ SEP>AT$ F MALE4 ,":=E
!Y G5]ATE \ ( !MVS1 & D N EMIT SEM5 B
PRODUCE AN EMBRYO1 :AT IS CALL$ ! SE$4
,EMP$OCLES PUTS ? WELL 9 ! L9E3 ,8& ?US
! TALL TREES OVIPOSIT2 F/ OLIVES '''0'
,= Z ! EGG IS AN EMBRYO1 A C]TA9 "P ( X
GIV+ RISE 6! ANIMAL &! RE/ 2+ NUTRI;T1 S
AL F A "P (! SE$ SPR+S ! GR[+ PLANT1 &!
RE/ IS NUTRI;T =! %OOT &! F/ ROOT4
  ,9 A C]TA9 S5SE ! SAME ?+ HAPP5S AL 9
^? ANIMALS : H ! SEXES SEP>ATE4 ,= :5 "!
IS NE$ = !M 6G5]ATE ! SEXES >E NO L;G]
SEP>AT$ ANY M ?AN 9 PLANTS1 _! NATURE
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