                           REFERENCES
                                 
  ALSTON, J. (1842).  Statements on the education, employment, and
       internal arrangements adopted at the asylum for the blind,
       Glasgow.  Glasgow: Smith and Son.  Reprint, London: Sampson
       Low, Marston & Co., 64pp.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND (1871). 
       Proceedings of the second convention of American instructors of
       the blind.  Indianapolis.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND (1892). 
       Proceedings of the 12th biennial convention.  Brantford.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND (1915). 
       "Report of the Uniform Type Committee."  In: Proceedings of the
       5th Biennial Convention.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND and
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND
       (1913).  Proceedings of the Convention.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND and
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND
       (1915).  Proceedings of the Convention.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND (1907). 
       Report of the Uniform Type Committee."  Outlook for the Blind, 1,
       154-162.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND (1909). 
       "Report of the Uniform Type Committee."  Outlook for the Blind,
       4, 73-82.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND (1911). 
       "Report of the Uniform Type Committee."  Outlook for the Blind,
       5, 1-10.
       
       AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WORKERS FOR THE BLIND (1913). 
       "Report of the Uniform Type Committee."  Outlook for the Blind,
       7, 2-48.
       
       AMERICAN COMMISSION ON UNIFORM TYPE FOR THE BLIND
       (1915).  Changes in  Revised Braille for Reading and Writing'. 
       Grade 2 (including Grade 1), Seventh Edition, July, 1915, 1-4. 
       Submitted for consideration by the British UTC, 30th March,
       1916.
       
       AMERICAN COMMISSION ON UNIFORM TYPE FOR THE BLIND
       (1918).  Data concerning revised braille grade one and a half. 
       The Commission, 4pp.
       
       AMERICAN COMMISSION ON UNIFORM TYPE FOR THE BLIND
       (1918).  Third Report."  Outlook for the Blind, 12, 1918.
       
       AMERICAN INSTRUCTORS OF THE BLIND (1853).  "Proceedings of
       the Convention."  Resolution published in: The Blind, 1, 5.
       
       ANDERSON, T. (1837).  Observations on the employment, education,
       and habits of the blind.  With a comparative view of the benefits
       of the asylum and school systems.  London: Simpkins, Marshall,
       and Co., 103pp.
       
       ARMITAGE, T.R. (1870).  "On the modes of reading in use by the blind
       and the means for arriving at uniformity."  J. of Soc. of Aits, 28th
       January, 195-201.
       
       ARMITAGE, T.R. (1870).  Personal diaries kept in braille (some
       volumes are missing).
       
       ARMITAGE, T.R. (1886).  The education and employment of the blind:
       what it has been, is, and ought to be.  London: Harrison and
       Sons, 216pp.
       
       ASHCROFT, S.C. (1960).  Errors in oral reading of braille at elementary
       grade levels..  Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois, 127pp.
       
       BAKER, C. (1859).  The blind.  From: The English Cyclopaedia. 
       London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co., 66pp.
       
       BLAIR, R.H. (1876).  "Education of the Blind."  Paper read at the
       meeting of the National Association for the Promotion of Social
       Science, Birmingham.  Bound with: The Blind School Board for
       London, Conference, 1876, 9pp.
       
       BLAIR, R.H. (1877).  "Hints for blind home students."  Bound with: The
       Blind School Board for London, Conference, The Venture, 3, 89.
       
       BLEDSOE, W. (1972).  "Braille: a success story."  In: Evaluation of
       sensory aids for the visually handicapped.  Washington, DC:
       National Academy of Science, 3-33.
       
       BRAILLE, L. (1829).  Procd pour ecrire les paroles, la musique et le
       plein chant.  Paris: Imprinerie de l'Institution des Jennes
       Aveugles (text - embossed Guillie, examples - embossed braille).
       
       BRAILLE, L. (1837).  Procd pour ecrire les paroles, la musique et le
       plein chant.  Second edition, revue covuge et augmente. 
       Paris: Imprinerie de l'Institution des Jennes Aveugles (text -
       embossed Guillie, examples - embossed braille).
       
       BRAILLE, L. (1839).  Nouveau procd pour representer par des points
       la forme mme des lettres, les cartes de gography, les figures
       de geometrie, les charactres de musique, etc.  A l'usage des
       aveugles.  Paris: se vend a l'Institution Royale.
       
       BRAILLE AUTHORITY OF NORTH AMERICA, THE, and BRAILLE
       AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, THE (1982). 
       Proceedings of the International Conference on English Braille,
       Grade 2.  Washington, DC.
       
       BRAILLE AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, (1986).  Braille
       code revision questionnaire.  Typescript, 9pp.
       
       BRAILLE AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM (1995). 
       Capitalization in British Braille.  A Questionnaire.  London: Royal
       National Institute for the Blind.
       
       BRITISH BRAILLE COMMITTEE (1905).  Minutes, 1902-1905.
       
       BRITISH BRAILLE COMMITTEE (1905).  "Report."  In: Proceedings of
       the International Conference on the Blind.  Edinburgh.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION (1868).  Minutes of the
       Executive Council to determine the best type for the blind.  MSS.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION (1871).  First report of
       the British and Foreign Blind Association for promoting the
       education and employment of the blind for 1871.  Mimeo.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION: THE EXECUTIVE
       COUNCIL OF (1874).  The Braille and New York systems
       compared. London: BFBA, 15pp.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION (1875).  Second report
       of the British and Foreign Blind Association.  London.  Bound in:
       BFBA Reports.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION (1879).  Sixth report of
       the British and Foreign Blind Association.  London.  Bound in:
       BFBA Reports.
       
       BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSOCIATION (1895).  Dictionary of
       braille contractions with rules, also diagrams explanatory of
       arithmetic, algebra, and music.  London: BFBA.
       
       BRITISH NATIONAL UNIFORM TYPE COMMITTEE (1916).  Minutes,
       1916.
       
       BRITISH NATIONAL UNIFORM TYPE COMMITTEE (1953).  A
       statement of the layout, definitions, and rules of the standard
       English braille system.  Part 1, Basic Code, 1952.  Part 2,
       Advanced Code, 1953.  Braille Editions.
       
       BRITISH NATIONAL UNIFORM TYPE COMMITTEE (1977).  A
       restatement of the layout, definitions, and rules of the standard
       English braille system.  Part 1, Basic Code, 1968, Part 2,
       Advanced Code, 1977.  Braille edition.
       
       BRUCE, I., McKENNELL, A., and WALKER, E. (1992).  Blind and
       partially sighted adults in Britain.  The RNIB Survey, Volume 1. 
       Chapter 10, Braille.  London: HMSO.
       
       BURKLEN, E. (1932).  Touch reading of the blind (Trans., Merry, F.K.). 
       New York: American Foundation for the Blind.
       
       CARTON, C. (1838)  Reprint: Sampson, Low, Marston, & Co. (1895). 
       The establishments for the blind in England: a report to the
       Minister of the Interior and Foreign Affairs.  London: Law,
       Marston, and Co., 1895, 108pp.
       
       CHAPMAN, E.K. (1978).  Visually handicapped children and young
       people.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 162pp.
       
       CLARK, L.L. (1979).  "The future of braille."  In: Gill, J.M., Clark, L.l.
       (Eds.), Braille Research Newsletter No. 9.  Warwick University
       Research Unit for the Blind.
       
       CLARKE, H.H. (1979).  "Research perspectives on the braille code."  In:
       Gill, J.M., Clark, L.L. (Eds.), Braille Research Newsletter No. 7. 
       Warwick University Research Unit for the Blind.
       
       van CLEEVE, E.M. (1933).  "Centenary of the New York Institute for the
       Blind."  ...And there was light, 2, 6, 1-5.
       
       COBBAN, A. (1957).  A history of modern France.  Vol.1 1715-1799,
       292pp.  Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books.
       
       COLTAT, H. (1853).  Notice biographique sur L.Braille.  pp.13-26. 
       Eulogy given by Coltat when a bust of Braille "was placed in the
       entrance hall of the Institution and unveiled on 25th May, 1853". 
       Translation from French edition, p.126.
       
       COMMISSION ON UNIFORM TYPE FOR THE BLIND (1917).  "Report
       of the Uniform Type Committee."  Outlook for the Blind, 3, 3-14.
       
       COMMISSION ON UNIFORM TYPE FOR THE BLIND (1918). Data
       concerning revised braille, Grade 1.  The Commission.
       
       COOPER, A., DAVIES, B.T., LAWSON-WILLIAMS, N., and TOBIN, M.J.
       (1985).  "An examination of natural and synthetic papers for
       embossing braille."  The New Beacon, 69, 823, 325-327.
       
       CRANDELL, J.M. and WALLACE, D.H. (1974).  "Speed reading in
       braille: an empirical study."  New Outlook for the Blind, 68, 1, 13-19.
       
       DALPHIN, M. and DALPHIN, N. (undated).  Le muse Valentin Hay:
       guide du musee.  Paris: Association Valentin Hay.
       
       DAVIS, C.M. (1994).  "Moon's mission."  The New Beacon, 924, 24-25.
       
       DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE (1972).  The education
       of the visually handicapped (Vernon Report).  HMSO.
       
       DICKENS, C. (1842).  American notes.  London: Hazell, Wetson, and
       Viney, 31-42.
       
       DICKENS, C. (1868).  Letter to Dr S.G. Howe.  Perkins School for the
       Blind, Reference Library.
       
       DIDEROT, D. (Ed.) (1751).  Enclyclopdie.
       
       DIDEROT, D. (1773).  An essay on blindness; in a letter to a person of
       distinction.  London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co., 74pp.
       
       DOUCE, J.L. and TOBIN, M.J. (1976).  "The braille code, extending the
       use of braille and the improvement of reading skills."  New
       Outlook for the Blind, 70, 5, p.215.
       
       DOUGLAS-HAMILTON, L. (Undated).  Braille Primer, Grade 2.  London:
       British and Foreign Blind Association.
       
       FARRELL, G. (1932).  "The centennial of Perkins Institution for the
       Blind."  ...And there was light, 2, 5.
       
       FARRELL, G. (1956).  The story of blindness.  Cambridge: Harvard
       University Press, 270pp.
       
       FERTSCH, P.F. (1946).  "An analysis of braille reading."  Outlook for
       the Blind, 40, 5, 128-131.
       
       FERTSCH, P.F. (1947).  "Hand dominance in reading braille." 
       American Journal of Psychology, 60, 335-349.
       
       FLANIGAN, P. and JOSLIN, E. (1969).  "Patterns of response in the
       perception of braille configurations."  New Outlook for the Blind,
       63, 232-244.
       
       FOULKE, E. (1982).  "Reading braille."  In: Schiff, W., Foulke, E. (Eds.),
       Tactual perception: a source book.  Cambridge: Cambridge
       University Press, 168-208.
       
       FOWLER, E.H. (1890).  "Printing and writing for the blind."  A paper
       read at the anual meeting of the Alumni Association of the
       Perkins Institution for the Blind.  Boston: George H. Ellis.
       
       FRENCH, R.S. (1932).  From Homer to Helen Keller: a social and
       educational study of the blind.  New York: American Foundation
       for the Blind, 298pp.
       
       FRERE, J.H. (1840).  The art of teaching to read by elementary sounds
       in two parts.  Part 1.  For the blind.  London: Darton and Clark,
       64pp.
       
       FRY, E. (1963).  Teaching faster reading: a manual.  Cambridge:
       Cambridge University Press. 
       
       GALL, J. (1837).  An account of the recent discoveries which have been
       made for facilitating the education of the blind.  Edinburgh: James
       Gall.  Reprint: 1894, London: Sampson Law, Marston & Co.,
       67pp.
       
       GALLIOD, M. (1828).  Notice historique sur l'tablissement des Jeunes
       Aveugles.  (The book was published in 1829.)
       
       GIBSON, G. (1827).  "Types for the blind."  In: Transactions of the
       Society for the Encouragement of the Arts.  90-96.
       
       GIBSON, J.J. (1962).  "Observations on active touch."  Psychological
       Review, 69, 6, 477-491.
       
       GIBSON, J.J. (1968).  The senses considered as perceptual systems. 
       London: Allen and Unwin.
       
       GOMULICKI, B.R. (1961).  The development of perception and learning
       in blind children."  Cambridge: University of Cambridge
       Psychological Laboratory.  Mimeo.
       
       GREANEY, J., ARTER, C., HILL, E., MASON, H., McCALL, S., STONE,
       J., and TOBIN, M. (1994).  "The development of a new test of
       children's braille reading development."  Birmingham: School of
       Education, University of Birmingham.
       
       GUILBEAU, E. (1907).  Histoire de l'Institut Nationale des Jeunes
       Aveugles.  Paris: Berlin Frres, 196pp.
       
       GUILLI, DR. (Translated 1819).  An essay on the instruction and
       amusements of the blind.  London: Sampson Low, Marston and
       Co., (Reprint 1894).
       
       HARRIS, E.M. (1981).  In touch: printing and writing for the blind in the
       nineteenth century.  Smithsonian Institute Press.
       
       HARTLEY, J., TOBIN, M.J., and TRUEMAN, M. (1987).  "The effects of
       providing headings in braille text."  Journal of Visual Impairment
       and Blindness, 81, 5, 213-214.
       
       HAY, V. (1784).  Letter to the  Journal'.  20th September, 1784.
       
       HAY, V. (1786).  Essai sur l'education des aveugles.  Paris: lves
       lves de Hay.  (Hay noire).
       
       HAY, V. (1786).  Trans. Blacklock (1793).  An essay on the education
       of the blind.  Reprint.  London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co. 
       (Also, Advertisement to the French Exhibition, 1786.)
       
       HAY, V. (1786).  Trans. Blacklock (1793).  An historical summary of
       the rise, progress and the actual state of the institution of the
       blind children.  Reprint.  London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co. 
       pp5.
       
       HAY, V. (1800).  Premire, deuxime et troisime notes du citoyen
       Hay.  Paris: les aveugles travailleurs, 16pp.
       
       HENRI, P. (1947).  Charles Barbier et la genese du systme braille. 
       Paris: Le Valentin Hay.  1. Jan-Mar.  2. Avril-Juin.  3. Oct-Dec.
       
       HENRI, P. (1952).  La vie et l' uvre de Louis Braille: inventeur de
       l;alphabet des aveugles (1809-1852).  Paris: Ire dition avec
       subvention du concours du Centre Nationale de la Recherche
       Scientifique et de l'Institution Nationale des Jennes Aveugles de
       Paris auxi Presses Universitaites de France, 128pp.  (References
       in text are to this French edition.)
       
       HENRI, P. (1952).  English Trans. (1987).  The life and works of Louis
       Braille: the inventor of the alphabet of the blind 1809-1852). 
       Pretoria: South Africa National Council for the Blind, 93pp.
       
       HENRI, P. (1966).  Valentin Hay: premier insituteur des aveugles. 
       Paris: Association Valentin Hay, 31pp.
       
       HENRI, P. (1984).  La vie et l' uvre de Valentin Hay.  Paris: Presses
       Universitaires de France, 208pp.
       
       HERMELIN, B. and O'CONNOR, N. (1971A).  "Right and left handed
       reading of braille."  Nature, 231, 470.
       
       HERMELIN, B. and O'CONNOR, N. (1971B).  "Functional asymmetry in
       the reading of braille."  Neuropsychologia, 9, 431-435.
       
       HOLLAND, B.F. (1934).  "Speed and pressure factors in braille
       reading."  Teacher's Forum, 7, 13-17.
       
       HOLLAND, B.F. and EATMAN, P.F. (1933).  "The silent reading habits
       of blind children.  Teacher's Forum, 6, 1, 4-11, 19.
       
       HOWE, S.G. (1854).  Letter to W. van Storden, Esq., 29th April, 1854. 
       Extracts taken from handwritten duplicate in one o the letter
       books at Perkins School for the Blind.
       
       HOWE, S.G. (1868).  Letter to Charles Dickens (copy).  Perkins School
       for the Blind, Reference Library.
       
       HUGHES, G. (1843).  The new punctiuncular stenographic system of
       embossing.  London: The Author, 28pp.
       
       HURST, A. (1890).  The late Dr Armitage - his memorial and his
       proposed legislation for the blind.  Leeds Mercury, 16th
       December, 1890
       
       HURT, J.S. (1988).  Outside the mainstream: a history of special
       education.  London: Batsford, 222pp.
       
       ILLINGWORTH, W.H. (1902).  Uniform braille system.  In: Willingworth,
       W.H., p.79.
       
       ILLINGWORTH, W.H. (1910).  History of the education of the blind. 
       London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co., 163pp.
       
       INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON ENGLISH BRAILLE (Undated). 
       Unified braille code research project.  Objective 2.  Extension of
       the basic code.  Report by the Objective 2 Committee.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. (1922).  "Is further adaptation of braille necessary?" 
       Outlook for the Blind, 16, 2, 64-65.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. (1929).  Why not a greater uniformity in the braille
       systems?  Paper read before the British Uniform Type Committee
       and representatives of organisations for the blind.  Mimeo.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. (1931).  "Report of the Type Committee."  In: Proceedings
       of the Convention of the AAWB.  New York City, 32-35.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. (1932).  "Uniform braille for the English-speaking world
       achieved."  Outlook for the Blind, 26, 1, 137-138.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. (1955).  "The war of the dots."  In: Irwin, R.B., As I see it.
       (Ch.1).  New York: AFB, 3-56.
       
       IRWIN, R.B. and WILCOX, R.E. (1929).  A comparative study of braille
       Grade One and a Half and braille Grade Two.  New York: AFB,
       17pp.
       
       JEAN, G. (1987).  English Trans. Oates, J. (1992).  Writing: the story of
       alphabets and scripts, illus.  London: Thomas and Hudson,
       pp.207.
       
       JOHNSON, E.C. (1860).  The blind of London.  Reprinted from "The
       Times" with additions.  London: Mitchell, 62pp.
       
       JOHNSON, E. (1977).  Charles Dickens: his tragedy and triumph. 
       London: Penguin Books, 601pp.
       
       KEDERIS, C.J., SIEMS, J.R., and HAYNES, R.L. (1965).  "A frequency
       count of the symbology of English braille, Grade 2, American
       usage."  Int. J. Educ. of the Blind, 15, 2, 38-46.
       
       KERNEY, E. (1952).  "First tidings of literary braille in North America." 
       Int. J. Educ. of the Blind, 2, 1, 112-118.
       
       KRUEGER, L.E. (1982).  "Tactual perception in historical perspective:
       David Katz's world of touch."  In: Schiff, W., Foulke, E. (Eds.),
       Tactual perception: a sourcebook.  Cambridge: Cambridge
       University Press, 1-54.
       
       KUCERA, H. and FRANCIS, W.N. (1967).  Computational analysis of
       present-day American English.  Providence, Rhode Island: Brown
       University Press, 42pp.
       
       KUSAJIMA, T. (1961).  Psychology of the blind.  Tokyo: Tokyo Central
       Kohhan.
       
       KUSAJIMA, T. (1974).  Visual reading and braille reading: an
       experimental investigation of the physiology and psychology of
       visual and tactual reading.  New York: American Foundation for
       the Blind, Mimeo, 60pp.
       
       LANE, M. (1978).  The magic years of Beatrix Potter.  London:
       Fontana/Collins, 216pp.
       
       LANE, S.E. (1911).  History of the Howe Memorial Press and Library of
       Embossed Books.  Perkins School for the Bl9ind, Watertown,
       Mass. (Handwritten, bound).
       
       LANGDON, J.N. (1972).  The Royal Normal Colege for the Blind: a short
       history.  3pp.
       
       LATIMER, H.R. (1930).  "Embossed printing for the blind: work toward
       unity and prevention of duplication."  In: Proceedings of the
       Convention of the American Association of Instructors of the
       Blind, 468-472.
       
       LEDERMAN, S.J. (1982).  "The perception of texture by touch."  In:
       Schiff, W., Foulke, E. (Eds.), Tactual perceptions: a sourcebook. 
       Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 130-167.
       
       de LEEUW, M. and de LEEUW, E. (1965).  Read better, read faster.  A
       new approach to efficient reading.  Harmondsworth, Middlesex:
       Penguin, 249pp.
       
       LEVITTE, (1880).  Anaglyptographie et raphigraphie de braille.  Paris:
       Institut Nationale des Jeunes Aveugles Imprimerie Nationale.
       
       LEVY, W.H. (1872).  Blindness and the blind: or a treatise on the
       science of typhlology.  London: Chapman and Hall, 518pp.
       
       LOCHHEAD, H.M. and LORIMER, J. (1954).  Report of the survey of the
       frequency of all the contractions of Standard English braille,
       Grade 2.  Edinburgh: Scottish Braille Press.
       
       LONDON, SCHOOL BOARD FOR (1876).  Report of the conference on
       the instruction of blind children.  London: Spottiswood, 11pp.
       
       LONGMAN (1982).  Longman new universal dictionary.  Harlow, Essex:
       Longman.
       
       LORIMER, J. (1962).  The Lorimer braille recognition test.  Bristol:
       College of Teachers of the Blind (now available from VIEW).
       
       LORIMER, J. (1977).  Neale analysis of reading ability: adapted for use
       with blind children.  Manual of directions and norms.  Windsor:
       NFER, 43pp.
       
       LORIMER, J. (1977).  Outlines of a short course to improve the braqille
       reading efficiency of children in the lower senior classes. 
       Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 47pp.  Mimeo.
       
       LORIMER, J. (1978).  "The limitations of braille as a medium for
       communication and the possibility of improving reading
       standards."  In: Occasional Papers, 2, 2, 60-67.  Leicester: British
       Psychological Society.
       
       LORIMER, J. (1982).  "The space-saving efficiency of Grade 1 braille
       and the possibility of improving it."  In: Proceedings of the
       International Conference on English Braille, Grade 2.  121-129.
       
       LORIMER, J., TOBIN, M.J., DOUCE, J., and GILL, J. (1982).  A study
       of braille contractions.  London: Royal National Institute for the
       Blind.
       
       LORIMER, P. (1983).  The braille code and reading in braille: an
       introductory sourcebook for teachers.  Birmingham: Research
       Centre for the Education of the Visually Handicapped, University
       of Birmingham (see Lorimer, J., Tobin, M.J., Douce, J., Gill, J.
       (1982), Part 4).
       
       LUKOFF, I.F. and COHEN, O. (1972).  Attitudes toward blind persons. 
       New York: AFB, 74pp.
       
       MAXFIELD, K.E. (1928).  The blind child and his reading.  New York:
       American Foundation for the Blind.
       
       McBRIDE, V.G. (1974).  "Explorations in rapid reading in braille."  New
       Outlook for the Blind, 68, 1, 8-12.
       
       McCRUM, R., CRAN, W., and MacNEIL, (1987).  The story of English. 
       London: Guild Publishing.
       
       MEYERS, E., ETHINGTON, D., and ASHCROFT, S.C. (1958). 
       "Readability of braille as a function of three spacing variables." 
       J. Applied Psychol., 42, 3, 163-165.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1974).  "Tactile short-term memory by blind and sighted
       children."  British Journal of Psychology, 65, 2, 253-263.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1975).  "Effects of tactual and phonological similarity on the
       recall of braille letters by blind children."  British Journal of
       Psychology, 66, 193-201.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1984A).  "Is there a best hand for braille/"  Cortex, 13, 75-87.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1984B).  "Strategy choices by young braille readers." 
       Perception, 12, 5, 567-579.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1985).  "The perception of complex patterns by touch." 
       Perception, 14, 293-303.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1987).  "The perceptual  window' in two-handed braille: do
       the left and right hands process text simultaneously?"  Cortex,
       23, 111-122.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1988).  "Prose reading by touch: the role of stimulus
       quality, orthography and context."  British Journal of Psychology,
       79, 87-103.
       
       MILLAR, S. (1994).  Understanding and representing space: theory and
       evidence from studies with blind and sighted children.  Oxford:
       Clarendon Press.
       
       MILLIGAN, M.D. (1982).  "Should there be two grades of contracted
       English braille?"  In: Proceedings of the International Conference
       on English Braille, Grade 2,  93-109.
       
       MONBECK, M.E. (1973).  The meaning of blindness: attitudes towards
       blindness and blind people.  Bloomington: Indiana University
       Press, ix, 214pp.
       
       MOON, W.M. (undated).  Dr William Moon: an autobiographical sketch. 
       London: RNIB, braille edition, 19pp.
       
       NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND (1932).  Standard English
       braille, Grades 1 and 2.  London: National Institute for the Blind.
       
       NEALE, M.D. (1958).  The Neale analysis of reading ability.  London:
       MacMillan Education.
       
       NEW ENGLAND INSTITUTION FOR THE EDUCATION OF THE
       BLIND, TRUSTEES OF THE (1833).  Address to the public.
       
       NEW YORK, THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF (1909). 
       "Which tactiel print for New York City, New York print or braille" 
       Report of public hearing held before a committee of the Board of
       Education of the City of New York, 24th March, 18th May 
       Outlook for the Blind, 25-46, 64-88.
       
       NEWMAN, S.E. and HALL, A.D. (1986).  Amount learnined from two
       alphabets used with the blind.  Paper presented at the annual
       meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 17-20.
       
       NOLAN, C.Y. and KEDERIS, C.J. (1969).  Perceptual factors in braille
       word recognition.  New York: AFB, Research Series No. 20,
       178pp.
       
       NOLAN, C.Y. and MORRIS, J.E. (1965).  "Development and validation
       of the roughness discrimination test."  International Journal for
       the Education of the Blind, 15, 1, 1-6.
       
       NOLAN, E.J. (1907).  "Historical sketch."  In: Proceedings of the 9th
       Convention of the AAWB.  Outlook for the Blind, 1, 1, 17-18.
       
       OLSON, M.R. (1976).  "Faster braille reading: preparation at the reading
       readiness level."  New Outlook for the Blind, 70, 341-343.
       
       OLSON, M.R., HARLOW, S.D., and WILLIAMS, J. (1975).  "Rapid
       reading in braille and large print: an examination of McBride's
       procedures."  New Outlook for the Blind, 69, 392-395.
       
       OUTLOOK FOR THE BLIND (1909).  "Three interesting libraries for the
       blind.  Outlook for the Blind, 2, 4, 173-175.
       
       PENNSYLVANIA INSTITUTION FOR THE INSTRUCTION OF THE
       BLIND (1933).  "The centenary of the Institution for the
       Instruction of the Blind."  ...And there was light, 3, 9.
       
       PIGNIER, DR. (1859).  "Notice biographique sur Louis Braille."  In:
       Notice biographique sur trois professeurs, anciens tves de
       l'Institution des Jeunes Aveugles de Paris, 7-27.
       
       PIGNIER, DR. (1860).  Essai historique sur l'Institution des Jeunes
       Aveugles.
       
       PLUMPTRE, K. (1895).  Instructions for writing in the braille system. 
       London: BFBA, 12pp.
       
       POOLE, W. (1994).  "Capitalization in British braille."  The New Beacon,
       March, 8-12.
       
       POOLE, W. (1996).  "Braille capitalization - letter."  The New Beacon,
       948, 12-13.
       
       PRITCHARD, D.G. (1963).  Education and the handicapped, 1760-1960.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 250pp.
       
       QUILLIAM, T.A. (1978).  "The structure of finger print skin."  In: Gordon,
       G. (Ed.), Active touch: the mechanism of recognition of objects by
       touch.  Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1-18.
       
       RITCHIE, J.M. (1930).  Concerning the blind.  Being a historical sketch
       of organised effort on behalf of the blind in Great Britain. 
       Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 244pp.
       
       ROBLIN, J. (1952).  English Trans. Mandaliah, R.G. (1955).  The
       reading fingers: life of Louis Braille, 1809-1852.  New York: AFB,
       65pp.
       
       ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE BLIND, THE DEAF, AND THE DUMB
       (1889).  Report.
       
       ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE USEFUL ARTS (1852).  Report.  Class
       XVII.  Printing for the Blind, 413-422.  Instruments for the use of
       the blind, 423.
       
       ROYAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND (1986).  Essays in
       code design.  40pp.
       
       RUTHERFORD, J. (1898).  William Moon, L.L.D., F.R.G.S., F.S.A., and
       his work for the blind.  London: Hodder and Stoughton, vii,
       280pp.
       
       SCOTTISH GUARDIAN (1837).  Printing for the blind.  7th April.
       
       SHERRICK, C.E. and GRAIG, J.C. (1982).  "The psychophysics of
       touch."  In: Schiff, W., Foulke, E. (Eds.), Tactual perception: a
       sourcebook.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 55-81.
       
       SIBLEY, J.T. (1892).  "Systems of embossed printing."  In: Proceedings
       of the 12th Biennial Convention of the AAIB.  Brantford, 21-36.
       
       de la SIZERANNE, M.  English Trans. Lewis (1893).  The blind as seen
       through blind eyes.  London: Putnams, 154pp.
       
       SMITH, J.W. (1878).  "Comparisons of the braille and New York
       systems of point writing, and proposed modifications of the braille
       system."  In: Proceedings of the 5th Biennial Convention of the
       AAIB.  Columbus, 39-69.
       
       SMITH, J.W. (1879).  Rapport Par M. J.W. Smith de Boston (Amerique). 
       Congrs universal pour l'amelioration du sort des aveugles et des
       sourds-muets, tenu  Paris, due 23 au 30 Septembre, 1878. 
       Appendix 5, 257-265.
       
       STONE, W.M. (1915).  "Letter to Mr. H.R. Latimer, Secretary of
       American Commission."  In: Irwin, R.B. 1955, 38-39, also The
       Teacher, 1916, January.
       
       SULLIVAN, J.E. (1995).  "Unified braille code - a brief introduction for
       people who already read or transcribe English braille." 
       Unpublished.
       
       TAYLOR, W. (1838).  "Various modes of printing for use of the blind." 
       Extract from the report of the seventh meeting of the British
       Association for the Advancement of Science.
       
       THOMAS, M.G. (1957).  The Royal National Institute for the Blind, 1868-1956.  Brighton, England.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. (1971).  Programmed instruction and braille learning. 
       Study 4.  Teaching methods and ergonomic variables in the
       learning of braille: an experimental and correlational study, 50-79.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. (1972).  Beginning braille.  A Self-instructional reading
       scheme for newly blinded adults.  Birmingham: Research Centre
       for the Education of the Visually Handicapped, University of
       Birmingham.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. (1979).  "A longitudinal study of blind and partially sighted
       children in special schools in England and Wales."  Insight, 1, 1,
       11-14.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. (1994).  Assessing visually handicapped people: an
       introduction to test procedures.  London: David Fulton.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. (1996).  Director's twenty-seventh annual report, RCEVH. 
       Birmingham: Research Centre for the Education of the Visually
       Handicapped, University of Birmingham.
       
       TOBIN, M.J. and HILL, E.W. (1984).  "A Moon writer."  The New
       Beacon, 68, 173-176.
       
       TOBIN, M.J., WHITTAKER, J.R., GREANEY, J., HILL, E.W. (1996). 
       The issue of braille capitalization in the UK: the BAUK survey.  A
       report for the Braille Authority of the United Kingdom, 1996.
       
       TOOZE, F.H.G. (1962).  The Tooze braille speed test.  Bristol: College
       of Teachers of the Blind (now available from VIEW).
       
       TREVELYAN, G.M. (1942).  English social history: a survey of six
       centuries, Chaucer to Queen Victoria.  (Chps. 15-16, Cobbett's
       England, 1793-1832.)  London: Longmans, Green and Co.
       
       UMSTED, R.G. (1972).  "Improvement of braille reading through code
       recognition training.!  New Outlook for the Blind, 66, 6, 169-177.
       
       UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM (1993).   Moon as a route to literacy'
       Project.  Report, January 1993.
       
       VALLBO, A.B. and JOHANSSON, R.S. (1978).  "The tactile sensory
       innervation of the glabrous skin of the human hand."  In: Gordon,
       G. (Ed.), Active touch: the mechanism of recognition of objects by
       touch.  Oxford: Pergamon Press, 29-54.
       
       WAIT, W.B. (1890).  A review of the origin and development of
       embossed literature and music for touch reading with special
       reference to the educational interests of the blind in the United
       States.  New York, 41pp.
       
       WAIT, W.B. (1893).  "The New York system of punctography."  In:
       Proceedings of the World Congress of Educators of the Blind. 
       Chicago.  New York: The Bradshaw Press, 3-10.
       
       WARREN, D.H. (1982).  "The development of haptic perception."  In:
       Schiff, W., Foulke, E. (Eds.), Tactual perception: a sourcebook. 
       Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 52-129.
       
       WATTS, W.J. and BUZAN, A. (1973).  A project in advanced learning
       methods.  Braille transcription.
       
       WILLIAMS, M. (1956).  Williams intelligence test for children with
       defective vision.  Windsor: NFER-Nelson.
       
       WILLIAMS, M. (1971).  "Braille reading."  Teacher of the Blind, 59, 3,
       103-116.
       
       ZURITA, P. (1994-1995).  "From zero to infinity."  The World Blind, 12,
       3-6.
       